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翻译句子
1、This is no flash in the pan; over the past couple of years, inflation has been consistently lower than expected in Britain and America.
[参考译文]这不是在很长时间里仅有的一次短暂成功；在过去的几年里，英国和美国的通货膨胀率始终低于预期水平。
[结构剖析]这是一个并列句，前后用分号隔开两个子句，是递进关系。第一句话中，no 可以用 not a 代替。后面一个句子中 inflation 是主语，使用了被动语态的现在完成时态。lower 是表语, than expected 和 in Britain and America, 以及前面的 over the past couple of years 都是介词短语作状语。
[阅读重点]首先应该注意到那个分号，可以把分号前后分别作为一个简单句单独对待。另外在后面一个句子中，应该抓住 inflation has been…… lower…… 这个基本结构（被动语态，现在完成时态）。flash in the pan 是习语，意思是 a sudden success that will not be repeated, 接近汉语中的昙花一现。
2、The most thrilling explanation is, unfortunately, a little defective. Some economists argue that powerful structural changes in the world have upended the old economic models that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation.
[参考译文]很不幸，这最令人震惊的解释有一点缺陷。一些经济学家认为世界经济结构的强有力的变化已经结束了那个以经济增长和通货膨胀的历史关联为基础的旧的经济模式。
[结构剖析]在第一个句子里面，主干是 …… explanation is…… a little defective. 这是一个主语+系动词+表语结构。副词 unfortunately 是插入语，作状语。第二个句子的主干并不复杂：…… economists argue that……，代词 that 后面是宾语从句。这个宾语从句的基本结构为 structural changes…… have upended…… models……，其中 structural changes是主语，have upended 是现在完成时态的谓语，models 是宾语。这个宾语 models 后面是一个 that 引导的限定性定语从句，修饰 models.
[阅读重点]第一个句子相对比较简单。第二个句子看着很长，但是只要明确了句子的主干，就很容易把整个句子看明白。可以先甩掉宾语从句中的那个定语从句（that were based upon the historical link between growth and inflation），这样这个句子结构就显得简单多了。然后再接这个定语从句，整句的意思就浮出水面了。另外注意 upend 一词由动词短语end up衍生而来，意为结束，推翻。
补充难句翻译
1、Much of the language used to describe monetary policy， such as steering the economy to a soft landing of a touch on the brakes，makes it sound like a precise science. Nothing could be further from the truth.
[参考译文]有很多用于描述货币政策的词汇，例如轻踩刹车以操纵经济软着陆，使货币政策听起来像是一门精确的科学。没有什么比这更远离实际情况的了。
[结构剖析]在第一个句子中，其主干为Much of the language……， makes it sound like……。used to describe monetary policy是用于修饰language的定语，后面的such as steering the economy to a soft landing of a touch on the brakes是对前面的language进行进一步说明。第二个句子是一个简单句。
[阅读重点]如上所述的句子主干被确定之后，句子就不难理解了。为了简化这个句子以便于理解，可以先把such as引导的部分忽略不看，那样整个句子就比较好掌握了。注意make it sound like a precise science当中it指代前面提到的monetary policy.
2、Hence the analogy that likens the conduct of monetary policy to driving a car with a blackened windscreen， a cracked rearview mirror and a faulty steering wheel.
[参考译文]因此这样的类比（就如同）把执行货币政策比作驾驶着一辆涂黑了挡风玻璃，打碎了后视镜，并且方向盘无法正常工作的汽车。
[结构剖析]这句话承接前面陈述的原因。hence后面只是一个名词词组，中心词是the analogy，后面that引导定语从句修饰前面的analogy with a blackened windscreen， a cracked rearview and a faulty steering wheel是介词词组修饰前面的名词car.注意此句没有谓语动词，只是一个名词性的短语。
[阅读重点]理解这句话的关键在于hence的用法。hence的意思是for this reason，因此，所以，主要用于书面语，是副词，可以连接一个完整的句子，也可以只跟一个名词。例如：Baby found a pot of paint，hence all the marks on the wall.另外liken A to B意思是把A与B相比，把A比作B.
3、Economists have been particularly surprised by favorable inflation figures in Britain and the United States， since conentional measures suggest that both economies， and especially America‘s， have little productive slack.
[参考译文]经济学家们对英国和美国的有利的通货膨胀数据尤其感到惊讶，因为传统的计量方法显示两国的经济，特别是美国的经济，几乎没有生产萧条的时候。
[结构剖析]这是一个主从复合句，连词since连接了两句子。主句的主干是Economists have been……surprised by……。原因状语从句的主干是conventional measures suggest that……，代词that引导了宾语从句作为suggest的宾语。在这个宾语从句中，and especially America‘s相当于especially America’s economy，是前面主语both economies的同位语，用于强调美国经济。
[阅读重点]这里应该首先注意到since这个连词，然后分别理解两个句子，再把它们放在一起，这个句子的意思就迎刃而解了。另外注意suggest不是建议的意思，而应该是显示，指示。
语言点详解
1. monetary货币的
[大纲词汇] monetary a.金融的，货币的
[经典例句] The new monetary policy will help revitalize the economy.
2. steering sth to引导
[大纲词汇] steer v.驾驶，掌握
[经典例句] The receptionist steered her to the meeting room.
3. soft landing软着陆
4. a touch on the brakes踩刹车
[大纲词汇] brake n./v……制动（器），刹车，闸
5. precise精确的
[大纲词汇] precise a.精确的，准确的
[经典例句] He finished the task by following his precise instructions.
6. be further from the truth离真理更远了
[大纲词汇] further ad./a.更远（的），更往前（的）；进一步（的）further from（far from）的比较级，表示离…更远
[经典例句]If you follow this direction，you will be further from your destination.
7. long， variable lags长期，多变的滞后状况
[大纲词汇]lag n./.落后（于），滞后（于）variable a.易变的；可变的，变量的；n.变量
8. analogy类比
[大纲词汇] analogy n比拟，类比analog/analogue n.类似物；模拟
[经典例句]I see no analogy between your problems and mine.
9. liken把…比作
[扩充词汇] liken v.把…比作（to）
[经典例句] He likens the archeologist to detective searching for ancient clues.
10. conduct管理方式
[大纲词汇] conduct n.行为，品行，举动v.引导，带领；处理，管理；指挥（乐队）；传导，传（热，电等）
[经典例句]His conduct of the business was very successful.
11. windscreen（汽车上的）挡风玻璃
12. rearview（车辆上的）后视镜
13. faulty有毛病的
[大纲词汇] faulty a.有缺点的，有错误的fault n.过失，过错；缺点，毛病
[经典例句]The accident was owing to the faulty design of the car.
14. steering wheel（汽车上的）方向盘
15. boast about夸耀
[大纲词汇] boast v.（of，about）自夸，夸耀；n.自夸，大话
[经典例句] He boasted to us about the new car he purchased lately.
16. of late最近以来
[扩充词汇]of late最近以来
[经典例句]He looked very tired of late
17. inflation通货膨胀
[大纲词汇] inflation n.通货膨胀
[经典例句] New policies were made to curb inflation.
18. double-digit两位数
19. forecaster预测者
[大纲词汇] forecast v./n.预测，预报
[衍生词汇] forecaster n.天气预报员；（经济形式的预测者）
[经典例句] He works as a business forecaster.
20. predict预测
[大纲词汇] predict v.预测，预言，预告
[经典例句]It did snow in the afternoon as he predicted.
21.panel专门小组
[大纲词汇] panel n.面，板；控制板，仪表盘；专门小组
[经典例句] The panel of experts decided to meet on Monday.
22. poll民意测验
[大纲词汇] poll n.民意测验；（pl.）政治选举，大选；v.对一进行民意测验；获得…选票
[经典例句] The Republican candidate won a bigger margin in the latest poll.
23. There is no flash in the pan.情况并未发生逆转。
[扩充词汇] flash来回的转换；pan平底锅
24. favourable有利的
[大纲词汇] favourable/ favorable a.赞许的，有利的，顺利的
[词汇比较] favorite/favourite a.最喜欢的，中意的注意；两词同是favor的衍生词汇，但意思不同，注意区别。
[经典例句] The situation will develop in the direction favorable to his rivals.
25. productive slack生产萧条
[大纲词汇] slack a.懈怠的，懒散的，松弛的，不紧的；萧条的；n.淡季，萧条；[pl.]便裤，运动裤
[经典例句] There is a certain amount of slack in the car industry at the moment.
26. utilisation利用
[大纲词汇] utilization / untilization n.利用utilize/utilise v.利用utility n.有用，效用
[经典例句」The utilisation of solar energy has partly solved environmental problems in this area.
27. take off开始
[扩充词义]take off开始，开始流行
[经典例句]The design first took off in American colleges.
25. thrilling令人震惊的
[大纲词汇] thrill n.令人激动的事；v.使激动，使兴奋；使毛骨谏然
[衍生词汇]thrilling a.令人震惊的，令人激动的
[经典例句] The story has a thrilling climax at the end.
29. defective有缺陷的
[大纲词汇]defect n.缺点，缺陷
[衍生词汇] defective a.有缺陷的
[经典例句] He returned the defective goods to the salesman……
30. upend颠倒
[扩充词汇] upend v.颠倒，使倒立，倒放；打倒，推翻
[经典例句]He upended the wine bottle over his glass，but only a drop or two ran out.
31. foresee预见
[大纲词汇] foresee v.预见，预知
[经典例句] The captain foresaw the danger ahead.
32. bo comparable to可比较的
[大纲词汇] comparable a.（with，to）可比较的，比得上的
[经典例句] The dinner was comparable to the best French cooking.
33. be puzzled by迷惑
[大纲词汇] puzzle v.（使）迷惑，（使）为难；n.难题，谜，迷惑
[经典例句] We are all puzzled by his abnormal behavior.
34. be amazed at对…感到惊讶
[大纲词汇] amaze v.使惊愕，使惊奇，是惊叹
[经典例句] I was amazed at the news.来源:考试大-考研考试
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