2010年11月北京成人英语三级试题及参考答案（B卷）
PartIReadingComprehension(30%)
Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet。
Passage1
Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Breastfeeding(母乳喂养)foramonthorlongerappearstoreduceawoman’sriskofgettingdiabetes(糖尿病)laterinlife,accordingtoanewstudy.Thebreastfeedinganddiabeteslinkhasbeenreportedinotherstudies,accordingtoresearcherEleanorSchwarz.Yet,herstudymakesthelinkeasiertobelieve.HerstudyispublishedinajournalofmedicineinAmerica.Schwarzandhercolleagueslookedatdataaboutbreastfeedingpractices.Theyevaluateddataon2,233womenfromCalifornia.Ofthose,405werenotmothers,1,125weremotherswhobreastfedforatleastamonth,and703weremotherswhohadneverbreastfed.Theywere40to78yearsold。
AccordingtoSchwarz’sstudy,theriskofgettingadiagnosis(诊断)ofType2diabetesforwomenwhobreastfedalltheirchildrenforamonthorlongerwassimilartothatofwomenwhohadnotgivenbirth.Butmotherswhohadneverbreastfedwerenearlytwiceaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhohadnevergivenbirth.Motherswhoneverbreastfedwereabout1.4timesaslikelytodevelopdiabetesaswomenwhobreastfedforonetothreemonths,Schwarzfound。
Whileonemonthofbreastfeedingappearstomakeadifference,Schwarzsays,evenlongerisbetter.(76)“Previousstudieshaveshownthelongerthemombreastfeeds,themorebenefitforherbody。”Manyexpertsrecommendbreastfeedingforsixmonthsandcontinuingforayear,shesays。
Thediabetes-breastfeedinglinkisprobablyexplainedbybellyfat.Mothers,whodon’tbreastfeed,astheygetolder,mayhavemorebellyfat,asbreastfeedinghelpsnewmotherstakeoffweight.“Bellyfatincreasestheriskofdiabetesasyougetolder,”shesays。
Thefindingisn’tsurprisingatall,saysKimberlyGregory.Sheoftengivesadvicetowomenwhogetdiabetes(occurringduringpregnancy(怀孕)thattheyareatriskforlatergettingType2diabetesandsuggeststheybreastfeed.ThenewfindingswillprobablyinspireGregorytoaddtotheadviceshegivesmoms-to-beaboutthebenefitsofbreastfeeding.Sheoftenfocusesonthebenefitstothebaby。
1.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.Abouttwothousandandtwohundredoldwomentookpartinthestudy。
B.EleanorSchwarz’sresearchprogramwasaboutmenandwomenwhosufferedfromdiabetes。
C.Overonefifthsofthewomennevergotmarried。
D.EleanorSchwarz’sresultsseemmorereliable。
2.AccordingtoSchwarz’sfindings,whoaremorelikelytogetdiabeteslaterinlife?
A.Thosemotherswhohadneverbreastfed。
B.Thosemotherswhonevergavebirth。
C.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforamonth。
D.Thosemotherswhobreastfedforsixmonths。
3.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldSchwarzagreewith?
A.Breastfeedingisnotadvisablebecauseitisnotgoodforamomtokeepagoodshape。
B.Breastfeedingcangreatlyreduceamother’schancesofgettingallkindsofseriousdisease。
C.Breastfeedingforamonthishighlyrecommended:thelonger,thebetter。
D.Breastfeedingforamonthorlongermakesbabiessmarter。
4.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“moms-to-be”inthelastparagraph?
A.Womenwhoarepregnant,especiallyforthefirsttime。
B.Womenwhodreamofhavingbabiesforthefirsttime。
C.Womenwhoalreadyhavechildren。
D.Womenwhohavejustgotbabiesforthefirsttime。
5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?
A.BreastfeedingMayEnhanceBabies’ChancesofSurvival
B.BreastfeedingMayLowerMoms’DiabetesRisk
C.BreastfeedingMayBecomeVeryFashionableinNearFuture
D.BreastfeedingMayHelpWomenLoseWeight。
Passage2
Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Archaeology,likemanyacademicwords,comesfromGreekandmeans,moreorless,“thestudyofoldthings”.So,itisreallyapartofthestudyofhistory.However,mosthistoriansusepaperevidence,suchasletters,paintingsandphotographs,butarchaeologists(考古学家)learnfromtheobjectsleftbehindbythehumansoflongago.Normally,thesearethehardmaterialsthatdon’tbreakdownordisappearveryquickly—thingslikehumanbonesandobjectsmadefromstoneandmetal。
Itisveryunusualtofindanythingmorethanthehardevidenceofhistory—normally,thebacteria(细菌)intheaireatawayatsoftmaterials,likebodies,clothesandthingsmadeofwood.Occasionally,thingsaredifferent。
In1984,twomenmadeanamazingdiscoverywhileworkinginabogcalledLindowMoss,inthenorthofEngland.Abogisaverywetareaofearth,withalotofplantsgrowinginit.Itcanbelikeaverybigandverythickvegetablesoup—walkinthewrongplaceandyoucansinkanddisappearforever.Themenwereworkingwhenoneofthemsawsomethingstickingout—ahumanfoot!Naturally,themencalledthepolice,whothenfoundtherestofthebody.Wasitacaseofmurder?Possibly—buyitwasadeathnearlytwothousandyearsold.ThetwomenhadfoundabodyfromthetimeoftheRomaninvasionofBritain.Despitebeingsoold,thisbodyhadskin,muscles,hairandinternalorgans—thescientistswhoexaminedhimwereabletolookinsidetheman’sstomachandfindthefoodthathehadeatenforhislastmeal!
Whywasthismansowellpreserved?(77)Itwasbecausehewasinaverywateryenvironment,safefromthebacteriathatneedoxygentolive.Also,thewaterinthebogwasveryacidic.Theacidpreservedtheman’sskininthewaythatanimalskinispreservedforleathercoatsandshoes。
Howdidhedie?Understandably,archaeologistsandotherscientistswantedtoknowmoreaboutthepersonthattheycalled,“LindowMan”.(78)Hishandsandfingernailssuggestedthathehadn’tdoneheavymanualworkinthislife—hecouldhavebeenarichman.Theyfoundthathehadn’tdiedbyaccident.Thearchaeologistsbelievethathewassacrificedtothreedifferentgods。
6.Whichlanguagedoestheword“archaeology”comfrom?
A.French.B.GreekC.Roman.D.German。
7.Theword“these”inthefirstparagraphrefersto_____。
A.lettersB.photographsC.paintingsD.objects
8.Whichofthefollowinghelpedtopreserve“LindowMan”？
A.Iceandlowtemperature.B.Bacteriaandoxygen。
C.Soilandenergy.D.Acidandwater。
9.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?
A.“LindowMan”wasnamedafterthepersonwhofirstfoundhim。
B.Historiansusuallyusepaperevidence,whilearchaeologistsusehardevidence。
C.“LindowMan”wasfoundbytwoarchaeologistsinthesouthofEngland。
D.“LindowMan”wasgoodatmanualwork。
10.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.WhatIsArchaeology?
B.ArchaeologyandHistory
C.AnAmazingArchaeologicalDiscovery
D.TheDeathof“LindowMan”
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