成人学位英语考试词汇学习：重点语法解析6
情态动词
情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、劝告、意愿等概念或态度。情态动词无人称变化，在句子中和动词原形一起构成谓语。从这几年的考试看，着重测验情态动词接完成时的用法，尤其是与虚拟语气结合来考查学生的掌握情况。另外情态动词表推测也成为今年考查重点，须引起重视。
1.must+完成时 表示对已发生的事情的一种肯定的猜测
例1 Since this road is wet and slippery this morning，it ____ last night.
A.must rain B.was raining C.must have rained D.may rain
【答案】C(2004年11月35题)
例 2 I believe he ____ an accident，otherwise he would have arrived on time.
A.would have had B.could have had C.should have had D.must have had
【答案】D(2001年58题)
例3 Mr.Green ____ my letter，otherwise be would have replied before now.
A.must have received B.must have failed to receive C.must receive D.must fail to receive
【答案】B(1998年44题)
例4 She ___ be ill because I saw her playing tennis just now.A.can′t B.could′t C.mustn′t D.may not
【答案】A(2005年10月20题)
2、should(ought to)+完成时 表示应该做的事情而没有做，否定式表示不该做的事情做了。含有对
过去的动作的责备、批评。
例1 You ought ____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.
A.oughtn′t to go B.hadn′t gone C.shouldn′t have gone D.mustn′have gone
【答案】C(2006年11月30题)
例2 You ought ____ the matter to the manager the day before yesterday.
A.to report B.to have reported C.to reporting D.have reported
【答案】B(2003年11月36题)
例3 I′m sorry I couldn′t get in touch with him before be left，I ____ him earlier.
A.had a telephone B.have phoned C.should have phoned D.should be phoned
【答案】C(2000年26题)考 易网提供
2.could/might + 完成时 表示能做的事情而没有做。表示对过去能做而未做的事情感到惋惜、遗憾。
例1 He could have joined us，but he didn′t get our invitation in time.
他本来能够和我们在一起，但是他没有及时收到我们的请柬。
例2 He might have given you more help，but he was busy then.
他本来可以给你更多帮助的，但他那时很忙。
例3 He abandoned a career that _____ to his becoming one of the most influential people in the world.
A.could have led B.would lead C.should have led D.must lead
【答案】A(2005年11月33题)
主谓一致
1、名词physics“物理”，maths“数学”，news“新闻”，means“方法”等一般被认为是形式上是复数、而意思上是单数的名词，它们作主语的时候动词一般用单数形式。
2、当主语由as well as，along with，together with，including，accompanied by 等短语+名词(代词)时，主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响，主语是单数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式时，谓语动词用复数。
例1 Professor Smith，along with his assistants，____ on the project day and night to meet the deadline，
A.work B.working C.is working D.are working
【答案】C (2007年4月37题)
例2 The teacher，as well as all his students，____ by the dancer′s performance.
A.was impressed B.had impressed C.impressed vv D.were impressed
【答案】A(2006年4月42题)
例3 Mr.Smith，together with his wife and children，____ going to the party this weekend.
A.am B.is C.are D.will
【答案】B(2004年11月28题)
3、当用and连接的名词前有each，every等修饰时，谓语动词用单数。当主语是each…and…，every…and every…，many a …and… 机构时，谓语动词用单数。
例1 Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会。
例2 In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利。
就近原则
由or，not only…but also…，either…or…，neither…nor…连接两个并列的主语时，谓语的数和邻近的主语一致。
例1 Either you or I am right. 不是你对就是我对。
例2 Not only Jane but also her family members were friendly to me.不仅是简，她的家人对我也很好。
2017成考报名：2017年成人高考报名时间/入口
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