一、阅读理解(1-20，每题有4个备选项，只有1个符合题意。)

If you look closely at some of the early copies of the Declaration of Independence, be-yond the flourished signature of John Hancock and the other 55 men who signed it,you will also find the name of one woman,Mary Katherine Goddard. It was she,a Baltimore printer,who published the first official copies of the Declaration, the first copies that included, the names of its signers and therefore heralded (宣布，预示) the support of all thirteen colonies.

Mary Goddard first got into printing at the age of twenty-four when her brother opened a printing shop in Providence, Rhode Island,in 1762. When her brother proceeded to get into trouble with his partners and creditors,it was Mary Goddard and her mother who were left to run the shop. In 1765 they began publishing The Providence Gazette,a weekly news-paper. Similar problems seemed to follow her brother as he opened businesses in Philadel-phia and again in Baltimore. Each time Ms. Goddard was brought in to run the newspapers.

After starting Baltimore′s first newspaper, the Maryland Journal, in 1773, her brother went broke trying to organize a colonial postal service. While he was in debtor′s prison,Ma-ry Katherine Goddard′s name appeared in the newspaper′s masthead (报头) for the first time.

When the Continental Congress fled there from Philadelphia in 1776, it commissioned Ms. Goddard to print the first official version of the Declaration of Independence in Janu-ary 1777. After printing the documents,she herself paid the post riders to deliver the Decla-ration throughout the colonies.

During the American Revolution, Mary Goddard continued to publish Baltimore′s only newspaper,which one historian claimed was "second to none among the colonies." She was also the "city′s postmaster from 1775 to 1789--appointed by Benjamin Franklin--and is con-sidered to be the first woman to hold a federal position.

1.Which of the following subjects is the passage mainly concerned?

A.The accomplishment of a female publisher.

B.The weaknesses of the newspaper industry.

C.The rights of a female publisher.

D.The publishing system in colonial America.

答案：A

2.Mary Goddard′s name appears on the Declaration of Independence because__________.

A.she helped write the original document

B.she published the document

C.she paid to have the document printed

D.her brother was in prison

答案：B

3.According to the passage, Mary Goddard first became involved in publishing when she__________.

A.was appointed by Benjamin Franklin

B.signed the Declaration of Independence

C.took over her brother's printing shop

D.moved to Baltimore

答案：C

4.The word "there" in paragraph 3 refers to__________.

A.the colonies

B.the print shop

C.Baltimore

D.Providence

答案：C

5.It can be inferred from the passage that Mary Goddard was__________.

A.an accomplished businesswoman

B.extremely wealthy

C.a member of the Continental Congress

D.a famous writer

答案：A

With the possible exception of equal rights, perhaps the most controversial issue across the United States today is the death penalty. Many argue that it is an effective way to stop murder,while others maintain that there is no convincing evidence that death penalty re-duces the number of murders.

The main argument by those opposed to the death penalty, basically,is that it is a cruel and inhuman punishment that is the mark of a brutal society, and finally it is questionable whether it is effective to reduce crime anyway.

The value of the death penalty as a way to reduce crime may be open to debate. But the overwhelming majority of citizens believe that the death penalty protects them. Their belief is reinforced by evidence which shows that death penalty reduces murder. For example, from 1954 to 1963,when the death penalty was consistently imposed in California, the murder rate style of the blues song. They made up the music as they played. In this way they created new music. This is called improvisation. Later,improvisation became a very important part of jazz music.

Blues began in the country in the South. As blacks moved into the big cities to work, the blues went with them. There, they sang about life in the cities. W. C. Handy, a black band leader from Memphis made the bl.ues popular all over America. In 1914 he wrote the most famous blues song of all,"The St. Louis Blues".

6.After the Civil War, the Black people__________.

A.were mostly slaves

B.still led a hard life

C.enjoyed their new life with families

D.worked on their own farms

答案：B

7.At the very beginning,the blues were__________.

A.not performed on formal occasions

B.traditional songs of the Black people

C.about the life of travelling musicians

D.very popular throughout the nation

答案：A

8.What kind of emotion does the blues express?

A.Sadness.

B.Happiness.

C.Joking.

D.All of the above.

答案：D

9.How did "improvisation" come into being?

A.The blues singers gathered to have contests.

B.New words were added into old songs.

C.New styles were played with guitars.

D.The blues singers created music while playing.

答案：D

10.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.The blues were born in the country in the South.

B.The blues soon disappeared in big cities.C.W.

C. Handy made the blues popular in US.

D.The most well-known blues song is "The St. Louis Blues".

答案：B

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