四、阅读理解(共15小题;每题3分，共45分。)阅读下列短文，然后根据短文的内容从每小题的四个选择项中选出最佳的一项。
One of the greatest killers in the Western world is heart disease. The death rate (率) from the disease has been increasing at an alarming speed for the past thirty years. Medical experts know that people can reduce their chances of getting heart disease by exercising regularly, by not smoking, by changing their diets,and by paying more attention to reducing stress( 压力)in their work.
However, Western health-care systems are still not paying enough attention to the prevention of the disease. There is a need for more programs to educate the public about the causes and prevention of heart disease. Instead of supporting such programs, however,the U. S. health-care system is spend-ing large sums of money on the surgical(外科的) treatment of the disease after it develops. This em-phasis(强调) on treatment clearly has something to do with the technological advances that have taken in the past ten to fifteen years. In this time, modern technology has enabled doctors to develop new surgical techniques. Many operation that were considered impossible or too risky( 有风险的 )a few years ago are now performed every day in U. S. hospitals. The result has been a huge increase in heart surgery.
Although there is no doubt that heart surgery can help a large number of people, some people point out that the emphasis on the surgical treatment of the disease has three clear disadvantages.
First, it attracts interest and money away from the question of prevention. Second, it causes the costs of general hospital care to rise. After hospitals buy the expensive equipment that is necessary for modem heart surgery, they must try to recover the money they have spent. To do this, they raise costs for all their patients, not just those patients whose treatment requires the equipment. The third disad-vantage is that doctors are encouraged to perform surgery--even on patients for whom an operation is unnecessary--because the equipment and expert skills are there. A government official recently stated that major heart surgery was often performed even though its chances of success were low. In one type of heart surgery, for example, only 15 percent of patients improved their conditions after the surgery. However,more than 100,000 of these operations are performed in the United States every year.
第36题单选 What effect has modem technology had on medicine?
A.It has reduced the costs of medical treatment.
B.It has helped save the lives of most patients.
C.It has encouraged doctors to do more heart surgeries.
D.It have helped educate people about the prevention of heart disease.
第37题单选 "To do this" (in Paragraph 3)means __________.
A.to help patients recover
B.to increase the number of heart surgeries
C.to get back the money spent on the equipment
D.to buy new equipment for the treatment of heart disease
第38题单选 The author would agree that __________.
A.more money should be spent on the prevention of heart disease
B.heart surgery has helped most patients improve their conditions
C.modem technology has made heart surgery more risky than before
D.the public have known a great deal about the causes of heart disease
第39题单选 What would be the best title for the passage?
A.The Greatest Killer in the West
B.Heart Disease:Treat or Prevent
C.Modern Technology and Heart Surgery
D.Heart Surgery:Advantages and Disadvantages
The keyboard of a typewriter refers to the set of keys in it. Most typewriters have "qwerty" key-boards. The name crones from the first six letters on the board´s second line. The "qwerty" board was set up by C. L. Sholes,who was the first man to make a really good typewriter.
Some letters,such as S and T, are used together a great deal in English. Sholes placed such pairs of letter far apart on his keyboard. This made it harder for typists to learn the keyboard. But it helped keep typewriters from jamming. On early machines the bars holding the letters often caught on each other when moving quickly.
Sholes made the name of his machine easy to type. lie placed on the same line all the letters of the word "type" and "writer".
第40题单选 This article is mostly about a __________.
A.pair of letters
B.keyboard
C.language
D.man's life
第41题单选 The "qwerty" board is named for the__________.
A.man who set it up
B.company that sold it
C.order of six of its letters
D.letters used the most in English
第42题单选 The "qwerty" was first set up__________.
A.with thirty-six letters
B.in six lines
C.by C. L. Sholes
D.All of the above
第43题单选 Sholes put S and T far apart because__________.
A.he hoped to prevent jamming
B.they are seldom used together
C.neither is a vowel
D.there wasn't room for them together
2017成考报名：2017年成人高考报名时间/入口
2017通关计划：2017年成人高考81天备考复习通关计划
