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新东方英语四级考试�汇笔记:第四课(主谓一致)

第4课

  主谓一致:指的就是给出主语,�求判断谓语动�是用�数还是�数的问题。  
  一�就近原则:  
  指��的主语由两部分��或短语构�时,由离谓语动�近的那部分主语�决定谓语动�的��数。  
  �有当以下��或短语连接主�的两部分时就近原则�适用:  
  1. or 或者; 2. either … or … �是…就是… ,…或… ; 3. neither … nor … 既�…也�… ;  
  4. not only … but also … �但…而且… ; 5. not … but … �是…而是…  
  例如:主语1 or 主语2 谓语动�。 此时由主语2决定谓语动�。  
  10. _C_ either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss?  
  A Are B Where C Is D Does  
  如果题目改�为:Either he or his accountants ___ going … 则应选A  
  二���谓语动�一定用�数的两�情况:  
  1. 集����主语,集���没有�数形�,因为他本身就代表一个�数概念。  
  常�的几个����: people 人民,人们; police 警察; cattle 牛; poultry 家禽。  
  2. 表示数�的�数�� + ��数��,整体�主语时  
  例如:去年出�了八百万顿煤。 Eight million tons of coal were exported last year.  
  三�谓语动�一定用�数的六�情况:  
  1. ��的主语是由从�充当的�动��定�短语作主语�动��短语作主语;  
  2. 表示时间����长度�价值四方�的��主语;  
  399. -- “How many days?�  
  0 -- “Did you say that five days _C_ required to complete that work?�  
  A are B were C was D is  
  3. 表示�数概念的主语,短语,谓语动�,此时谓语动�也用�数;  
  因为此结构中短语�是对主语�供附加说明情况,所以谓语动�也用�数。  
  当以下这些标志性的介�或介�短语出现在此结构中时�以�管中间的附加说明情况:  
  with, together with, like, except, besides, in addition to, rather than, as well as  
  注�:表示�数概念的主语,短语,谓语动�,此时谓语动�应用�数。  
  4. each, every, either, some, any, no,由以上六个�中任何一个所构�的��代�作主语时;  
  some�常构�的三个��代�:something, somebody, someone;  
  no�常构�的三个��代�:nothing, nobody, no one; either of + 短语;  
  5. 通常由and连接两部分这�形��主语谓语动��用�数,但在以下两�情况下则应用�数;  
  1> and连接的两部分指的是�一事物;  
  2> and连接的两部分被no, each, every中任何一个�修饰时;  
  例如:��男士和女士都��装得体。 be supposed to do sth. �应,应该��事。  
  Every man and every woman is supposed to dress properly.  
  11. Many an airplane _B_ in the exhibition.  
  A are shown B has been shown C has shown D show them  
  many a(an) 很多,相当于many; many a(an) + �数���数,�主语时谓语动�用�数。  
  6. many a (an) + �数���数,作主语时谓语动�用�数。  
  9. Not only Joan but her sisters _B_ the combination to the safe which contains the list of the family securities.  
  A have known B know C knows D is knowing  
  not only … but also … 的一��形形�,not only … but …  
  �一��形形�not only … but … as well  
  combination n. 密�; combination to the safe �险箱密�; securities有价�券。

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