答案精析

Part I Writing

【范文】
The Habit of Smoking
It is universally acknowledgedthat the habit of smoking is obnoxious and frowned upon, since many bad things,such as lung cancer and other diseases, are connected with smoking. It poses apotential danger to both the smokers themselves and the non-smokers who breathein the secondhand smoke, which is even more harmful.
China has a large smokerpopulation. To make things worse, the people who smoke have been on the rise ona daily basis. Some people, especially youngsters, pick up smoking because theythink it cool. Meanwhile, many others regard smoking cigarettes as a way torelease pressure or an important lubricant in the social relationship.
The sad thing about all this isthat many people, knowing smoking is a bad habit, still hold on to it.
Currently, perhaps it is not easy to ban the tobacco industry, but it ispossible to enforce the no-smoking policy in all public places, making it moreand more difficult and inconvenient for smokers to smoke and at the same time,ensuring people who do not smoke to have fresh air to breathe.  "
【译文】
吸烟的习惯
人们都知道吸烟这一习惯是令人反感和不快的，因为很多不好的事情(例如肺癌和其他疾病)都与吸烟有关。吸烟不仅对吸烟者本身构成潜在的危害，对吸二手烟的不吸烟者也同样如此，而且二手烟的危害更大。
中国的烟民数量十分庞大，更糟糕的是，吸烟的人数每天都在攀升。一些人(尤其是青少年)开始吸烟是因为他们觉得吸烟很酷。与此同时，还有很多人认为吸烟是一种缓解压力的方式，也是社会关系中重要的润滑剂。这一切所导致的结果就是许多人即使知道吸烟是一种不好的习惯，也仍然不肯戒烟。
目前看来，取缔整个烟草行业可能并非易事，但是我们可以执行在公共场合禁止吸烟的政策。这样，既可以使烟民吸烟更加困难和不便，又可以保证不吸烟的人能够呼吸到新鲜的空气。
【要点用法】
obnoxious令人讨厌的
lubricant润滑剂
flown upon不赞成的
hold on to坚持，不放弃
second hand smoke二手烟
enforce执行
cigarette香烟
ensure确保
【句法点评】
1．It is universally acknowledged that the habit of smoking isobnoxious and frowned upon，since many bad things，such as lung cancer and other diseases，areconnected with smoking．全篇首句，引出话题。be obnoxious and frownedupon点出吸烟不受欢迎这一事实。since引出对主要原因的阐述。such as lung cancer and other diseases为插入语。
2．To make things worse，the people who smokehave been on the rise on a daily basis．
to make things worse意为“使事情更糟糕的是……”。be on the rise意为“在逐渐增加、上升”。On a daily basis意为“每天”，可用于替换常用表达every day。这三个短语都是非常地道的表达方式，值得积累。
3．The sad thing about all this is that many people，knowing smoking is a bad habit，still hold onto it。that引导表语从句，其中的knowingsmoking is a bad habit是现在分词短语作让步状语，也是插入语。hold onto意为“坚持，不放弃”，等同于stick to。
4．…but it is possible to enforce the no—smoking policy in all public places，making it more and more difficult．．．and atthe same time，ensuring people who do not smoke．．．to enforce a policy为固定搭配，意为“推行某一政策”，making…和ensuring…为并列结构，均为现在分词短语作结果状语。

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