2013年英语四级考试每日一练(11月19日)
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1. Questions 22-68 are based on the following passage.
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or Calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥于) a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.
People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight, so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently -- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done -- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets -- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life -- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
The first sentence of the passage tells us that___________
A．most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers
B．those who really helped civilization forward are not mentioned in any history book
C．conquerors, generals and- soldiers should not be mentioned in history books
D．history books tells us far more about conquerors and soldiers than about those who really helped civilization forward
2. 根据以下资料，回答68-1题：
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A．B．C．and D．on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
It has always been difficult for me to decide whether "popular music" means music written for the people or is simply music that the people like. The same
problem of definition 67 with jazz. So many different 68 of "music have been called jazz at one time or another that it is 69 to say what it really is.
Jazz has always been 70 to be black music but when I first 71 an interest in it, I used to hear white bands playing music that was like Louis Armstrong's in
the 1920s. I found out 72 that they learnt to do this by playing his records 73 until their style was close enough to his for them to 74 him.
Since then white singers 75 Bob Dylan have rediscovered their own folk 76 , instead of borrowing from black roots. But the main changes 77 1960 have been social and technical. One is that young people have more money to spend on 78 at an earlier age than they 79 , so Tin Pan Alley, the "pop" music industry, 80 at teenage audience. 81 is that electronic equipment has developed to such an 82 that technicians are now capable of mixing sound to produce recordings that are quite different from a 83 performance.
But the real problem with "pop" music is that Tin Pan Alley has always worked against its being a 84 music of the people. It 85 everything original and natural out of it and 86 it with cheap commercial imitations. As the American folk singer, Woody Guthrie, said: "They've always preferred the second rate songs. They've never wanted to play the good ones. "
A．takes
A．exists
B．starts
C．correlates
3. 回答1-32问题：
A．He refused to take Linda with them．
B．He agreed to take Linda with them．
C．He thought Linda should decide herself．
D．He thought Linda should write something．
4. 根据以下资料回答32-32 题
Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify (1) a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are (2) of that parent. The things parents do and say-and the (3) they do and say to them-therefore strongly influence a child's (4) . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of (5) they want their child to become.
A parent's actions (6) affect the self-image that a child forms (7) identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their (8) will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly (9) qualities in their parents will have (10) seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may (11) their self-image, however, as they become increasingly (12) by peer groups' standards before they reach 13.
Isolated events, (13) dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent (14) on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, (15) , accept the divorce of their parents' or a parent's early (16) But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events (17) a sign of rejection or punishment.
In the same way, all children are not influenced (18) by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. (19) in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the (20) of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.
5. 根据下列材料请回答 32-52题：The recession is taking a serious toll onAmerican retail, but e-commerce could emerge asa winner.
According to a new report by ForresterResearch, e-commerce sales (beyond travel) arelikely to (1) 11%, to $156 billion, in 2009. That (2) a slowdown from 13% growth last year and18% in 2007. The major factor (3) to the paceshift is, of course, (4) consumer confidence.
But e-commerce's slowed pace is still farbetter than the National Retail Federation'sforecasted 0.5% drop in (5) retail sales this year.
That means e-commerce is stealing marketshare from (6) retail—and fast. (7) Forrester'sestimates, in 2008 e-commerce (8) . for 5% of allretail sales. In 2012, Forrester thinks e-commercecould have an 8% share.
One recent factor is that online shoppingpromises (9) to price-sensitive consumers. "Therecession is definitely (10) more consumers to dotheir homework before they go and complete a(n) (11) ," says Forrester analyst Sucharita Mulpuru.E-commerce is also somewhat protectedbecause online shoppers (12) to be wealthier:about half of all online shopping is done byhouseholds that earn more than $75,000 peryear, even though they're just about a third of allhouseholds with Internet (13) .
(14) not all Internet companies are set tobenefit (15) . Last month, e-commerce giant eBay (16) its first-ever quarterly revenue decline, (17) Amazon reported a sales surge of 18%.
Smaller players are particularly (18) risk.
"There are some pretty vicious (恶意的) wars ascompanies go online to get market share," saysMulpuru. "The (19) I have is that we could goback down the spiral (螺旋) of death from 1999and 2000, when companies would under-pricethemselves (20) thinking about profitability (盈利).”
请在（1）处填上答案。
A．arise
B．grow
C．raise
D．breed
翻译题
6. _____________(环境一旦遭到破坏)，it takes many years for the system to recover
7. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek ______.
8.
9.
请在(47)处填写答案
10. __________(除上升的出生率和移民外)，the declining death rate contributed to the population growth．
1. Questions 22-68 are based on the following passage.
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or Calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥于) a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers.
People think a great deal of them, so much that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized. Animals fight, so do savages; hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently -- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done -- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some ways of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And not only has it won, but, because it has won, it has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or mutilated. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets -- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life -- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
The first sentence of the passage tells us that___________
A．most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers
B．those who really helped civilization forward are not mentioned in any history book
C．conquerors, generals and- soldiers should not be mentioned in history books
D．history books tells us far more about conquerors and soldiers than about those who really helped civilization forward
2. 根据以下资料，回答68-1题：
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A．B．C．and D．on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
It has always been difficult for me to decide whether "popular music" means music written for the people or is simply music that the people like. The same
problem of definition 67 with jazz. So many different 68 of "music have been called jazz at one time or another that it is 69 to say what it really is.
Jazz has always been 70 to be black music but when I first 71 an interest in it, I used to hear white bands playing music that was like Louis Armstrong's in
the 1920s. I found out 72 that they learnt to do this by playing his records 73 until their style was close enough to his for them to 74 him.
Since then white singers 75 Bob Dylan have rediscovered their own folk 76 , instead of borrowing from black roots. But the main changes 77 1960 have been social and technical. One is that young people have more money to spend on 78 at an earlier age than they 79 , so Tin Pan Alley, the "pop" music industry, 80 at teenage audience. 81 is that electronic equipment has developed to such an 82 that technicians are now capable of mixing sound to produce recordings that are quite different from a 83 performance.
But the real problem with "pop" music is that Tin Pan Alley has always worked against its being a 84 music of the people. It 85 everything original and natural out of it and 86 it with cheap commercial imitations. As the American folk singer, Woody Guthrie, said: "They've always preferred the second rate songs. They've never wanted to play the good ones. "
A．takes
A．exists
B．starts
C．correlates
3. 回答1-32问题：
点击播放
A．He refused to take Linda with them．
B．He agreed to take Linda with them．
C．He thought Linda should decide herself．
D．He thought Linda should write something．
4. 根据以下资料回答32-32 题
Children model themselves largely on their parents. They do so mainly through identification. Children identify (1) a parent when they believe they have the qualities and feelings that are (2) of that parent. The things parents do and say-and the (3) they do and say to them-therefore strongly influence a child's (4) . However, parents must consistently behave like the type of (5) they want their child to become.
A parent's actions (6) affect the self-image that a child forms (7) identification. Children who see mainly positive qualities in their (8) will likely learn to see themselves in a positive way. Children who observe chiefly (9) qualities in their parents will have (10) seeing positive qualities in themselves. Children may (11) their self-image, however, as they become increasingly (12) by peer groups' standards before they reach 13.
Isolated events, (13) dramatic ones, do not necessarily have a permanent (14) on a child's behavior. Children interpret such events according to their established attitudes and previous training. Children who know they are loved can, (15) , accept the divorce of their parents' or a parent's early (16) But if children feel unloved, they may interpret such events (17) a sign of rejection or punishment.
In the same way, all children are not influenced (18) by toys and games, reading matter, and television programs. (19) in the case of a dramatic change in family relations, the (20) of an activity or experience depends on how the child interprets it.
5. 根据下列材料请回答 32-52题：The recession is taking a serious toll onAmerican retail, but e-commerce could emerge asa winner.
According to a new report by ForresterResearch, e-commerce sales (beyond travel) arelikely to (1) 11%, to $156 billion, in 2009. That (2) a slowdown from 13% growth last year and18% in 2007. The major factor (3) to the paceshift is, of course, (4) consumer confidence.
But e-commerce's slowed pace is still farbetter than the National Retail Federation'sforecasted 0.5% drop in (5) retail sales this year.
That means e-commerce is stealing marketshare from (6) retail—and fast. (7) Forrester'sestimates, in 2008 e-commerce (8) . for 5% of allretail sales. In 2012, Forrester thinks e-commercecould have an 8% share.
One recent factor is that online shoppingpromises (9) to price-sensitive consumers. "Therecession is definitely (10) more consumers to dotheir homework before they go and complete a(n) (11) ," says Forrester analyst Sucharita Mulpuru.E-commerce is also somewhat protectedbecause online shoppers (12) to be wealthier:about half of all online shopping is done byhouseholds that earn more than $75,000 peryear, even though they're just about a third of allhouseholds with Internet (13) .
(14) not all Internet companies are set tobenefit (15) . Last month, e-commerce giant eBay (16) its first-ever quarterly revenue decline, (17) Amazon reported a sales surge of 18%.
Smaller players are particularly (18) risk.
"There are some pretty vicious (恶意的) wars ascompanies go online to get market share," saysMulpuru. "The (19) I have is that we could goback down the spiral (螺旋) of death from 1999and 2000, when companies would under-pricethemselves (20) thinking about profitability (盈利).”
请在（1）处填上答案。
A．arise
B．grow
C．raise
D．breed
翻译题
6. _____________(环境一旦遭到破坏)，it takes many years for the system to recover
7. Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldn't afford to seek ______.
8.
9.
请在(47)处填写答案
10. __________(除上升的出生率和移民外)，the declining death rate contributed to the population growth．
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