2014年英语四级考试每日一练(10月22日)
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单项选择题
1、Questions are based on thefollowingpassage．
“THINKING is hard，”(36)__________Daniel Dennet，a professor of philosophy at Tufts University．“Thinking about some problems is so hard that it can make your head ache just thinking about thinking about them．”He has spent hA.f a century pondering some of the knottiest problems around：the nature of meaning，the(37)__________of minds and whether freewill is possible．His latest book，Intuition Pumps(直觉泵)and Other Tools for Thinking，is a precis of those 50 years，distilled into 77(38)__________ and mostly bite-sized chapters．
“Intuiuon pumps”are what Mr Dennet calls thought experiments that aim to get at the rub of concepts．But the aim of this book is not(39)__________to show how the pumps work,but to(40)__________them to help readers think through some of the most profound conundrums．
This pump which Mr Dennet calls a“cascade of homunculi(级联侏儒)”，was(41)__________by the field of artificial Intelligence,An programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks，to be dealt with by particular(42)__________．These，in turn，are(43)__________ of sub．subsystems，and so on．In this way,we are in depth of thinking profound problems．
Of course，Mr Dennet’s book is not a(44)__________solution to such mind-benders；it is philosophy in action．Like all good philosophy,it works by getting the reader to examine deeply held but(45)__________ beliefs about some of our most fundamental concems，like personal autonomy．It is really not all easy read．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.consist
B.actually
C.nature
D.concedes
E.inspired
F.definable
G.composed
H.readable
I.substance
J.merely
K.unspoken
L.apply
M.suppose
N.subsystem
O.definitive
第36题应填__________.
2、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Questions 36 to 45 are based Oil the following passage．
The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and slow recoveries. Since technology has such a big 36 for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can't immediately foresee.
When there is exponential (指数的. 37 in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be 38 from automation suddenly become threatened. This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says the argument misses the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first palce.
Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S. that tend to be tightly scripted and highly 39 ones that leave no room for individual initiative or creativity. In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can 40 much better than human beings. That is how we have put a giant 41 sign on the backs of
American workers.
It's time to 42 the formula for how work is conducted, since we are still relying on a very 20thcentury 43 of work, Hagel says. In our 44 changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination to respond to 45 events. That's not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities.
A．appetite
B．calculate
C．competition
D．distinct
E．exceedingly
F．immune
G．improvement
H．norm
I．notion
J．perform
K．rapidly
L．reinvent
M．standardized
N．target
O．unexpected
请回答（36）题__________.
3、 According to the passage，what do the words“passed the point of no return”mean(Line 2，Para．1)?
A．The glaciers can’t flow back to the continents．
B．The glaciers are different from what they were years ago．
C．The melting of glaciers has come to the stage of being inevitable．
D．The speed of glacier melting can’t return to the former one．
4、 Elias Towe pointed out that having no“band gap”，the dispensable feature of transistors，makes it more difficult to produce graphene transistors．
5、 Yet it still needs to take ten years for graphene to be used in semiconductors，which lies at the heart of the technology．
6、 Passage Two
Questionsare based on the following passage．
The Wall Street Journal quoted sources close to thecompany as saying a run of 4．000 devices will be manufacturednext month．The tablet will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software——and will be shown off at the firm’s forthcomingdevelopers’ conference．Google has said it will not commenton “rumor and speculation”．But in March，Google showed off Project Tango，all effortto bring 3D technology to its handheld devices．Aprototype smart phone had been given out to 200 developers to try out．
The technology makes use of infrared sensors tomeasure depth of surroundings．While the ability to create 3Dimages with small devices is by no means a new technological feat，Google’s strategy will be to harness the hardware to contribute to，among other things，its mapping effort．For instance，the devices could be used tocreate quickly a 3D map of indoor environments．Accordingto the Wall Street Journal，the 3D tablet will be shownof fat Google’s annual developers’ conference at the end of June．
As it did with the Google Glass eyewear product．itis expected the firm will A．low a select number ofdevelopers and engineers to experiment with the technology before a consumerlaunch is planned．although still a relatively minorindustry，the race to create the “killer app” forbuilding and viewing virtual reality environments is building a pace．In March，Facebook swooped in on a$2bn（￡1．2bn） deal for OculusVR，a company making a virtual reality headset．
A mini-site for Project Tango has highlighted a fewof the firm’s plans in the area．“Project Tango is an attempt tocreate a mobile device unlike like any other，”the siteexplains．“A mobile device that shares our sense ofspace and movement，that understands and perceives theworld the same way we do．”
In the past few years，devices able to view andcreate 3D images have made it to market，but suffered heavilyfrom a lack of consumer interest，said Jack Kent，an analyst at IHS．“If Google really pushesit，that might change也e dynamicsof the market。”he told the BBC．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
What is the feature of the newtablet？
A．It will have two pre-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
B．It will have one rear-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．
C．It will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
D．It will have one pre-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．
简答题
7、十二生肖(Chinese Zodia)是计算一个人年龄的普遍方式。十二生肖包括十二种动物，分别是鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪，分别对应中国传统文化中的十二地支(twelve Earthly Branches)。中国有很多关于十二生肖的民间故事和传说。其中一个说的是轩辕帝(Yellow Emperor)想选十二种动物作为皇家守卫，猫知道这个消息后告诉了鼠，希望鼠可以提醒他一起去，但是鼠忘记了这件事，单独去了，因此猫没有出现在十二生肖中。自此猫和鼠就成了天敌。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
8、You shouM write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use ofDisposable Plastic Bags．
写作导航
1．一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用；
2．使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题；
3．限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义
9、上海菜系(cuisqne)是中国年轻的地方菜系，有着400多年的历史。同其他中国菜系一样，本菜系具有“色、香(aroma)、味”三大要素。上海菜的特点是注重调料(seasoning)的使用、食材的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”(Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings)和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”(Squirrel—Shaped Mandarin Fish)。“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，皮薄个小、汁醇味美。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而里肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。
10、Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Unemployment rate in 2010)．Please give a brief description the chart first and then make comments on it．You should write at least l20 words but no more than 180 Words
1、Questions are based on thefollowingpassage．
“THINKING is hard，”(36)__________Daniel Dennet，a professor of philosophy at Tufts University．“Thinking about some problems is so hard that it can make your head ache just thinking about thinking about them．”He has spent hA.f a century pondering some of the knottiest problems around：the nature of meaning，the(37)__________of minds and whether freewill is possible．His latest book，Intuition Pumps(直觉泵)and Other Tools for Thinking，is a precis of those 50 years，distilled into 77(38)__________ and mostly bite-sized chapters．
“Intuiuon pumps”are what Mr Dennet calls thought experiments that aim to get at the rub of concepts．But the aim of this book is not(39)__________to show how the pumps work,but to(40)__________them to help readers think through some of the most profound conundrums．
This pump which Mr Dennet calls a“cascade of homunculi(级联侏儒)”，was(41)__________by the field of artificial Intelligence,An programmer begins by taking a problem a computer is meant to solve and breaking it down into smaller tasks，to be dealt with by particular(42)__________．These，in turn，are(43)__________ of sub．subsystems，and so on．In this way,we are in depth of thinking profound problems．
Of course，Mr Dennet’s book is not a(44)__________solution to such mind-benders；it is philosophy in action．Like all good philosophy,it works by getting the reader to examine deeply held but(45)__________ beliefs about some of our most fundamental concems，like personal autonomy．It is really not all easy read．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A.consist
B.actually
C.nature
D.concedes
E.inspired
F.definable
G.composed
H.readable
I.substance
J.merely
K.unspoken
L.apply
M.suppose
N.subsystem
O.definitive
第36题应填__________.
2、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Questions 36 to 45 are based Oil the following passage．
The concept of man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and slow recoveries. Since technology has such a big 36 for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can't immediately foresee.
When there is exponential (指数的. 37 in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be 38 from automation suddenly become threatened. This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books, says the argument misses the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first palce.
Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S. that tend to be tightly scripted and highly 39 ones that leave no room for individual initiative or creativity. In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can 40 much better than human beings. That is how we have put a giant 41 sign on the backs of
American workers.
It's time to 42 the formula for how work is conducted, since we are still relying on a very 20thcentury 43 of work, Hagel says. In our 44 changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination to respond to 45 events. That's not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities.
A．appetite
B．calculate
C．competition
D．distinct
E．exceedingly
F．immune
G．improvement
H．norm
I．notion
J．perform
K．rapidly
L．reinvent
M．standardized
N．target
O．unexpected
请回答（36）题__________.
3、 According to the passage，what do the words“passed the point of no return”mean(Line 2，Para．1)?
A．The glaciers can’t flow back to the continents．
B．The glaciers are different from what they were years ago．
C．The melting of glaciers has come to the stage of being inevitable．
D．The speed of glacier melting can’t return to the former one．
4、 Elias Towe pointed out that having no“band gap”，the dispensable feature of transistors，makes it more difficult to produce graphene transistors．
5、 Yet it still needs to take ten years for graphene to be used in semiconductors，which lies at the heart of the technology．
6、 Passage Two
Questionsare based on the following passage．
The Wall Street Journal quoted sources close to thecompany as saying a run of 4．000 devices will be manufacturednext month．The tablet will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software——and will be shown off at the firm’s forthcomingdevelopers’ conference．Google has said it will not commenton “rumor and speculation”．But in March，Google showed off Project Tango，all effortto bring 3D technology to its handheld devices．Aprototype smart phone had been given out to 200 developers to try out．
The technology makes use of infrared sensors tomeasure depth of surroundings．While the ability to create 3Dimages with small devices is by no means a new technological feat，Google’s strategy will be to harness the hardware to contribute to，among other things，its mapping effort．For instance，the devices could be used tocreate quickly a 3D map of indoor environments．Accordingto the Wall Street Journal，the 3D tablet will be shownof fat Google’s annual developers’ conference at the end of June．
As it did with the Google Glass eyewear product．itis expected the firm will A．low a select number ofdevelopers and engineers to experiment with the technology before a consumerlaunch is planned．although still a relatively minorindustry，the race to create the “killer app” forbuilding and viewing virtual reality environments is building a pace．In March，Facebook swooped in on a$2bn（￡1．2bn） deal for OculusVR，a company making a virtual reality headset．
A mini-site for Project Tango has highlighted a fewof the firm’s plans in the area．“Project Tango is an attempt tocreate a mobile device unlike like any other，”the siteexplains．“A mobile device that shares our sense ofspace and movement，that understands and perceives theworld the same way we do．”
In the past few years，devices able to view andcreate 3D images have made it to market，but suffered heavilyfrom a lack of consumer interest，said Jack Kent，an analyst at IHS．“If Google really pushesit，that might change也e dynamicsof the market。”he told the BBC．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
What is the feature of the newtablet？
A．It will have two pre-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
B．It will have one rear-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．
C．It will have two rear-facing camerasand advanced imaging software．
D．It will have one pre-facingcamera and advanced imaging hardware．
简答题
7、十二生肖(Chinese Zodia)是计算一个人年龄的普遍方式。十二生肖包括十二种动物，分别是鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪，分别对应中国传统文化中的十二地支(twelve Earthly Branches)。中国有很多关于十二生肖的民间故事和传说。其中一个说的是轩辕帝(Yellow Emperor)想选十二种动物作为皇家守卫，猫知道这个消息后告诉了鼠，希望鼠可以提醒他一起去，但是鼠忘记了这件事，单独去了，因此猫没有出现在十二生肖中。自此猫和鼠就成了天敌。
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
8、You shouM write a short essay entitled Limiting the Use ofDisposable Plastic Bags．
写作导航
1．一次性塑料袋曾被广泛使用；
2．使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题；
3．限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义
9、上海菜系(cuisqne)是中国年轻的地方菜系，有着400多年的历史。同其他中国菜系一样，本菜系具有“色、香(aroma)、味”三大要素。上海菜的特点是注重调料(seasoning)的使用、食材的质地和菜的原汁原味。其中著名的有特色点心“南翔小笼”(Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings)和特色菜“松鼠鲑鱼”(Squirrel—Shaped Mandarin Fish)。“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，皮薄个小、汁醇味美。“松鼠鲑鱼”色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而里肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。
10、Directions：For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Education Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Unemployment rate in 2010)．Please give a brief description the chart first and then make comments on it．You should write at least l20 words but no more than 180 Words
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