2015年英è¯å››çº§è€ƒè¯•æ¯�日一练(8月28æ—¥)
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�项选择题
1�Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (�守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2ã€�å�¬å½•音,回ç”题
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3�Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious�,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,�says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.�
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注æ„�:æ¤éƒ¨åˆ†è¯•题请在ç”题å�¡2上作ç”。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.announced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
æ ¹æ�®ä»¥ä¸Šå†…容,回ç”题。
第36题应填__________.
简ç”题
4ã€�与全国大多数其他城市的人相比. 广州人的平å�‡æ”¶å…¥å¾ˆé«˜ã€‚å°�康之家越æ�¥è¶Šå¤šã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œå¹¿å·žäººä¸Šé¦†å�很常è§�。广州的é¤�é¦†æ•´å¤©å®¾å®¢æ»¡åº§ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå¹¿å·žäººä¼¼ä¹Žç‰¹çˆ±äº«ç”¨ç¾Žé£Ÿã€‚ä»–ä»¬å–œæ¬¢ä¸Šé¦†å�å–�早茶(morning tea )。在那里,å°�推车(carts)上装ç�€å�„ç§�“点心â€�(dim sum)。从一个桌å�推到å�¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ¡Œå�, 供应顾客。周末一大早,从7点开始很多人就起床,在å�„ç§�é¤�馆里边å–�茶,边å�ƒæ—©é¤�,边和朋å�‹è�Šå¤©ã€‚
5ã€�ä¸å›½ç»“(the Chinese lmot.åˆ�是由手工艺人å�‘明的,ç»�过数百年ä¸�æ–的改进,已ç»�æˆ�为一ç§�优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在å�¤ä»£ï¼Œäººä»¬ç”¨å®ƒæ�¥è®°å½•事件,但现在主è¦�用于装饰的目的。“结â€�åœ¨ä¸æ–‡é‡Œæ„�味ç�€çˆ±æƒ…ã€�婚姻和团è�šã€‚ä¸å›½ç»“常常作为礼物交æ�¢æˆ–用作饰å“�祈求好è¿�å’Œé�¿é‚ªã€‚è¿™ç§�å½¢å¼�的手工艺(handicraft.ä»£ä»£ç›¸ä¼ ï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨å·²ç»�在ä¸å›½å’Œä¸–界å�„地越æ�¥è¶Šå�—欢迎。
6� Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7ã€� 过去的七年,ä¸å›½çš„æˆ¿åœ°äº§ä¸šç»�历了å‰�所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低å�´æ¸´æœ›åœ¨å¤§åŸŽå¸‚拥有一个属于自己的体é�¢ã€�èˆ’é€‚çš„æ –èº«ä¹‹æ‰€çš„äººæ�¥è¯´ï¼Œé«˜æ˜‚çš„æˆ¿ä»·æ˜¯ä»–ä»¬æ— æ³•æ‰¿å�—的负担。鉴于这一状况,政府近æ�¥é‡‡å�–了一系列的措施æ�¥é˜²æ¢æˆ¿ä»·è¿‡å¿«å¢žé•¿ï¼ŒåŒ…括æ��高利率å�Šå¾�收房产税ç‰ã€‚ç›®å‰�,这些措施在部分城市已ç»�å�–得了åˆ�æ¥çš„æˆ�效。
8ã€�为了促进教育公平,ä¸å›½å·²æŠ•å…¥360亿元.用于改善农æ�‘åœ°åŒºæ•™è‚²æ¸¡æ–½å’ŒåŠ å¼ºä¸è¥¿éƒ¨åœ°åŒºå†œæ�‘义务教育(compuisory education).这些资金用于改善教å¦è®¾æ–½ã€�è´ä¹°ä¹¦ç±�,使16万多所ä¸å°�妿”¶ç›Š.资金还用于è´ç½®éŸ³ä¹�和绘画器æ��。现在农æ�‘和山区的。儿童å�¯ä»¥ä¸Žæ²¿æµ·åŸŽå¸‚çš„å„¿ç«¥ä¸€æ ·ä¸ŠéŸ³ä¹�盒绘画课.一些为接å�—更好教育而转往城市上å¦çš„å¦ç”Ÿå¦‚今å�ˆå›žåˆ°äº†æœ¬åœ°å†œæ�‘妿 ¡å°±è¯»ã€‚
9ã€�“抱抱团â€�(Free HuggerS)是一项公益行为艺术活动,æº�äºŽå›½å¤–ã€‚å®ƒé€šè¿‡åœ¨è¡—å¤´å®£ä¼ ï¼Œä¸Žä¸»åŠ¨ä¸Šå‰�的陌生人拥抱的形å¼�,å�‘ç¤¾ä¼šä¼ é€’â€œæ‹’ç»�å†·æ¼ â€�ã€�“互相关爱â€�的主题。 “抱抱团â€�的行为å�—到了众人的关注,也引起了许多的争议。有人认为,街头拥抱拉近了陌生人之间的感情;也有人认为,仅é� è¿™ç§�活动消除ä¸�äº†é™Œç”Ÿäººä¹‹é—´çš„å†·æ¼ ï¼Œå†µä¸”ä¸å›½äººæ¯”较å�«è“„,采å�–è¿™æ ·çš„å½¢å¼�有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10ã€�麻将是ä¸å›½äººä¸»è¦�的休闲娱ä¹�之一。它起æº�于ä¸å›½ï¼Œå…¶åކå�²å�¯è¿½æº¯åˆ°ä¸‰å››å�ƒå¹´ä»¥å‰�。麻将原是皇家和王公贵æ—�们的游æˆ�,在长期的历å�²æ¼”å�˜è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œé€�æ¥ä»Žå®«å»·æµ�ä¼ åˆ°æ°‘é—´ï¼Œåˆ°æ¸…æœ�䏿œŸåŸºæœ¬å®šåž‹ã€‚麻将自1920å¹´ä¼ å…¥ç¾Žå›½å�Žã€‚å�—欢迎的程度并ä¸�比在ä¸å›½é€Šè‰²ã€‚在å�—åŠ å·žå°±å¸¸å¸¸ä¸¾åŠžéº»å°†æ¯”èµ›ã€‚æœ‰äººè¯´ï¼Œéº»å°†ä¹‹æ‰€ä»¥åœ¨å›½å¤–é‚£ä¹ˆå�—æ¬¢è¿Žï¼Œæ£æ˜¯æº�于外国人对ä¸å›½å�¤è€�文化的认知和认å�Œ(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
1�Questions are based on the following passage.
Romantic love has clear evolutionary roots but our views about what makes an ideal romanticrelationship can be swayed by the society we.live in.So says psychologist Maureen O'Sullivan from theUniversity of San Francisco.She suggests that humans have always tried to strengthen the pair-bond tomaximise (使化) reproductive success.
Many societies throughout history and around the world today have cultivated strong pressures tostay married.In those where ties to family and commtmity are strong, lifelong marriages can bepromoted by practices such as the cultural prohibition of divorce and arranged marriages that are seenas a contract between two families, not just two individuals.In modern western societies, however, thefocus on ndividuality and independence means that people are less concerned about conforming to (�守 ) the dictates of family and culture.In the absence of societal pressures to maintain pair-bonds,O'Sullivan suggests that romantic love has increasingly come to be seen as the factor that shoulddetermine who we stay with and for how long."That's why historically we see an increase in romantic love as a basis for forming long-term relationships," she says.
According to O'Sullivan culture also shapes the sorts of feelings we expect to have, and actually doexperience, when in love.Although the negative emotions associated with romantic love-fear of loss,disappointment and jealousy-are fairly consistent across cultures, the positive feelings can vary. "If youask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highlythings like loyalty, commitment and devotion," says O'Sullivan. "If you ask American college women,they expect everything under the sun: in addition to being committed, partners have to be amusing,funny and a friend."
We judge a potential partner according to our specific cultural expectations about what romanticlove should feel like.If you believe that you have found true romance, and your culture tells you thatthis is what a long-term relationship should be based on, there is less need to rely on social or familypressures to keep couples together, O'Sullivan argues.
What does the author say about people's views of an ideal romantic relationship?
A.They vary from culture to culture.
B.They ensure the reproductive success.
C.They reflect the evolutionary process.
D.They are influenced by psychologists.
2ã€�å�¬å½•音,回ç”题
A.They were not well educated.
B.They failed to work hard at school.
C.The society is too complicated.
D.What they learned in the school is adequate for their new life.
3�Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US,the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday.These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples,as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging.
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February.(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious�,(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules.
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive,�says Gerry Stimson,a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems.“It is clear that the FDA process,(42)__________the EU,follows the science,but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years,during which the products and the market will develop.�
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes,which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco,only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out.
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down,because unlike other nicotine replacement products,they closely(45)__________cigarettes,both in appearance and use.
注æ„�:æ¤éƒ¨åˆ†è¯•题请在ç”题å�¡2上作ç”。
A.popular
B.restrictions
C.potential
D.importance
E.despite
F.provoke
G.announced
H.like
I.resemble
J.proponents
K.maintain
L.pragmatic
M.claim
N.reduced
O.unlike
æ ¹æ�®ä»¥ä¸Šå†…容,回ç”题。
第36题应填__________.
简ç”题
4ã€�与全国大多数其他城市的人相比. 广州人的平å�‡æ”¶å…¥å¾ˆé«˜ã€‚å°�康之家越æ�¥è¶Šå¤šã€‚å› æ¤ï¼Œå¹¿å·žäººä¸Šé¦†å�很常è§�。广州的é¤�é¦†æ•´å¤©å®¾å®¢æ»¡åº§ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå¹¿å·žäººä¼¼ä¹Žç‰¹çˆ±äº«ç”¨ç¾Žé£Ÿã€‚ä»–ä»¬å–œæ¬¢ä¸Šé¦†å�å–�早茶(morning tea )。在那里,å°�推车(carts)上装ç�€å�„ç§�“点心â€�(dim sum)。从一个桌å�推到å�¦ä¸€ä¸ªæ¡Œå�, 供应顾客。周末一大早,从7点开始很多人就起床,在å�„ç§�é¤�馆里边å–�茶,边å�ƒæ—©é¤�,边和朋å�‹è�Šå¤©ã€‚
5ã€�ä¸å›½ç»“(the Chinese lmot.åˆ�是由手工艺人å�‘明的,ç»�过数百年ä¸�æ–的改进,已ç»�æˆ�为一ç§�优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在å�¤ä»£ï¼Œäººä»¬ç”¨å®ƒæ�¥è®°å½•事件,但现在主è¦�用于装饰的目的。“结â€�åœ¨ä¸æ–‡é‡Œæ„�味ç�€çˆ±æƒ…ã€�婚姻和团è�šã€‚ä¸å›½ç»“常常作为礼物交æ�¢æˆ–用作饰å“�祈求好è¿�å’Œé�¿é‚ªã€‚è¿™ç§�å½¢å¼�的手工艺(handicraft.ä»£ä»£ç›¸ä¼ ï¼ŒçŽ°åœ¨å·²ç»�在ä¸å›½å’Œä¸–界å�„地越æ�¥è¶Šå�—欢迎。
6� Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a shortessay on the topic of the advantages and disadvantages of keeping pets.You should state your viewpoint on the topic and write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.
7ã€� 过去的七年,ä¸å›½çš„æˆ¿åœ°äº§ä¸šç»�历了å‰�所未有的高速增长。对于那些月薪较低å�´æ¸´æœ›åœ¨å¤§åŸŽå¸‚拥有一个属于自己的体é�¢ã€�èˆ’é€‚çš„æ –èº«ä¹‹æ‰€çš„äººæ�¥è¯´ï¼Œé«˜æ˜‚çš„æˆ¿ä»·æ˜¯ä»–ä»¬æ— æ³•æ‰¿å�—的负担。鉴于这一状况,政府近æ�¥é‡‡å�–了一系列的措施æ�¥é˜²æ¢æˆ¿ä»·è¿‡å¿«å¢žé•¿ï¼ŒåŒ…括æ��高利率å�Šå¾�收房产税ç‰ã€‚ç›®å‰�,这些措施在部分城市已ç»�å�–得了åˆ�æ¥çš„æˆ�效。
8ã€�为了促进教育公平,ä¸å›½å·²æŠ•å…¥360亿元.用于改善农æ�‘åœ°åŒºæ•™è‚²æ¸¡æ–½å’ŒåŠ å¼ºä¸è¥¿éƒ¨åœ°åŒºå†œæ�‘义务教育(compuisory education).这些资金用于改善教å¦è®¾æ–½ã€�è´ä¹°ä¹¦ç±�,使16万多所ä¸å°�妿”¶ç›Š.资金还用于è´ç½®éŸ³ä¹�和绘画器æ��。现在农æ�‘和山区的。儿童å�¯ä»¥ä¸Žæ²¿æµ·åŸŽå¸‚çš„å„¿ç«¥ä¸€æ ·ä¸ŠéŸ³ä¹�盒绘画课.一些为接å�—更好教育而转往城市上å¦çš„å¦ç”Ÿå¦‚今å�ˆå›žåˆ°äº†æœ¬åœ°å†œæ�‘妿 ¡å°±è¯»ã€‚
9ã€�“抱抱团â€�(Free HuggerS)是一项公益行为艺术活动,æº�äºŽå›½å¤–ã€‚å®ƒé€šè¿‡åœ¨è¡—å¤´å®£ä¼ ï¼Œä¸Žä¸»åŠ¨ä¸Šå‰�的陌生人拥抱的形å¼�,å�‘ç¤¾ä¼šä¼ é€’â€œæ‹’ç»�å†·æ¼ â€�ã€�“互相关爱â€�的主题。 “抱抱团â€�的行为å�—到了众人的关注,也引起了许多的争议。有人认为,街头拥抱拉近了陌生人之间的感情;也有人认为,仅é� è¿™ç§�活动消除ä¸�äº†é™Œç”Ÿäººä¹‹é—´çš„å†·æ¼ ï¼Œå†µä¸”ä¸å›½äººæ¯”较å�«è“„,采å�–è¿™æ ·çš„å½¢å¼�有作秀之嫌(pub |i.c j ty stunt)。
10ã€�麻将是ä¸å›½äººä¸»è¦�的休闲娱ä¹�之一。它起æº�于ä¸å›½ï¼Œå…¶åކå�²å�¯è¿½æº¯åˆ°ä¸‰å››å�ƒå¹´ä»¥å‰�。麻将原是皇家和王公贵æ—�们的游æˆ�,在长期的历å�²æ¼”å�˜è¿‡ç¨‹ä¸ï¼Œé€�æ¥ä»Žå®«å»·æµ�ä¼ åˆ°æ°‘é—´ï¼Œåˆ°æ¸…æœ�䏿œŸåŸºæœ¬å®šåž‹ã€‚麻将自1920å¹´ä¼ å…¥ç¾Žå›½å�Žã€‚å�—欢迎的程度并ä¸�比在ä¸å›½é€Šè‰²ã€‚在å�—åŠ å·žå°±å¸¸å¸¸ä¸¾åŠžéº»å°†æ¯”èµ›ã€‚æœ‰äººè¯´ï¼Œéº»å°†ä¹‹æ‰€ä»¥åœ¨å›½å¤–é‚£ä¹ˆå�—æ¬¢è¿Žï¼Œæ£æ˜¯æº�于外国人对ä¸å›½å�¤è€�文化的认知和认å�Œ(recogn i t i on and acceptance)。
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