2015年英语四级考试每日一练(11月2日)
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在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、Questionsare based on the following passage.
In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake areinfluenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eatingenvironment and our perception of the food in front of us.
Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) canincrease both hunger and the amount of food consumed．Even simple visual cues, like plate size andlighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite．Several hoursafter a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by howmuch food they'd seen in front of them--in other words, how much they remembered eating.
This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on ourappetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M．Brunstrom, a professor of experimentalpsychology at the University of Bristol.
"Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal．We have identifiedan independent role for memory for that meal," Brunstrom says．"This shows that the relationshipbetween hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick ourbody's response to the food itself．In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙~,), depending on whether the shake's label said it contained 620 or 140 calories．Moreover, theparticipants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie Shake.
What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves intoeating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV andmultitasldng while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite,Brunstrom says.
What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?
A．How we perceive the food we eat．
B．What ingredients the food contains.
C．When we eat our meals．
D．How fast we eat our meals.
2、听录音,
回答题
A． She used to be in poor health.
B． She was popular among boys.
C． She was somewhat overweight.
D． She didn't do well at high school.
3、听录音，回答题
A．Rent a grave.
B．Burn the body.
C．Bury the dead near a church.
D．Buy a piece of land for a grave.
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt, the conversation is almost always about student loan debt．But there's a growing body of evidence suggesting that today's young adults are als0 drowning in credit-card debt--and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.
More than 20% overspent their income by more than $100 every single month．Since they .haven't built up their credit histories yet, it's a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.
Although many young people blame "socializing" as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren't knocking back $20 drinks in trendy (时尚的)lounges．They're struggling with much more daily financial demands.
To a disturbingly large extent, the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday．This obviously isn't sustainable in the long run, and it's going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they'll still be paying interest on that bottle of orange juice or box of spaghetti (意式面条)they bought a decade earlier.
A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they're slower at paying it off． "If what we found continues to hold true, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future," warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State． "If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can't pay off their credit cards."
Dunn says a lot of these young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt."Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing banks."
What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.
B．Credit cards play .an increasingly important role in college life.
C．Credit cards are doing more haxm than student loans.
D．The American credit card system is under criticism.
5、听录音,回答题
A．ney want to change the way EngHsh is taught.
B．They learn English to find well-paid jobs.
C．rnley want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.
D．They know clearly what they want to learn.
6、听录音,回答题
A．Dogs in our daily lives．
B．Expressions with dogs．
C．The role dogs take in America．
D． Attitude of city dwellers to dogs．
7、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.
Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income, 36in a time of widespread redundancies (裁员).
In a37 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take38in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the39while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 40 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them41 company.
The Women and Work Survey 2010, commissioned (受……委托) by Grazia magazine, found that almost half of full-time mothers42not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working insome way after having children.
A43 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time--rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career44faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more45between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A． precedence
B． connection
C． prospect
D． slightly
E. ladder
F. favored
G. plan
H. reversal
I. especially
J. parting
K. opposite
L. chores
M. disliked
N. fluidity
O. significant
36.__________
简答题
8、中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调。人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。
9、本周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报道了一则新闻，来自江苏省无锡市的一拉77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力.
10、笔、墨、纸、砚(inkstone)．就是人们所说的“文房四宝(fourtreasures cf the study)”，为书写中华五千年文明史作出了重要贡献。作为传承、弘扬中华文化和艺术的工具和载体，文房四宝铸就了汉字特有的书法 (calligraphy)艺术和中国国画的独特风格。文房四宝本身也是供人观赏的艺术品，并逐渐成为收藏品。文房四宝品类繁多，制作工艺不断趋于完善， 历代都有名匠、名品产生，形成了深厚的文化积淀。
1、Questionsare based on the following passage.
In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake areinfluenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eatingenvironment and our perception of the food in front of us.
Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) canincrease both hunger and the amount of food consumed．Even simple visual cues, like plate size andlighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite．Several hoursafter a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they'd eaten but rather by howmuch food they'd seen in front of them--in other words, how much they remembered eating.
This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on ourappetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M．Brunstrom, a professor of experimentalpsychology at the University of Bristol.
"Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal．We have identifiedan independent role for memory for that meal," Brunstrom says．"This shows that the relationshipbetween hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."
These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick ourbody's response to the food itself．In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones (荷尔蒙~,), depending on whether the shake's label said it contained 620 or 140 calories．Moreover, theparticipants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie Shake.
What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves intoeating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV andmultitasldng while eating.
The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite,Brunstrom says.
What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake?
A．How we perceive the food we eat．
B．What ingredients the food contains.
C．When we eat our meals．
D．How fast we eat our meals.
2、听录音,
回答题
A． She used to be in poor health.
B． She was popular among boys.
C． She was somewhat overweight.
D． She didn't do well at high school.
3、听录音，回答题
A．Rent a grave.
B．Burn the body.
C．Bury the dead near a church.
D．Buy a piece of land for a grave.
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
When we talk about Americans barely into adulthood who are saddled with unbearable levels of debt, the conversation is almost always about student loan debt．But there's a growing body of evidence suggesting that today's young adults are als0 drowning in credit-card debt--and that many of them will take this debt to their graves.
More than 20% overspent their income by more than $100 every single month．Since they .haven't built up their credit histories yet, it's a safe bet that these young adults are paying relatively high interest rates on the resulting credit card debt.
Although many young people blame "socializing" as a barrier to saving money, most of them aren't knocking back $20 drinks in trendy (时尚的)lounges．They're struggling with much more daily financial demands.
To a disturbingly large extent, the young and the broke are relying on credit cards to make it until their next payday．This obviously isn't sustainable in the long run, and it's going to put a huge drag on their spending power even after they reach their peak earning years, because they'll still be paying interest on that bottle of orange juice or box of spaghetti (意式面条)they bought a decade earlier.
A new study out of Ohio State University found that young adults are accumulating credit card debt at a more rapid rate than other age groups, and that they're slower at paying it off． "If what we found continues to hold true, we may have more elderly people with substantial financial problems in the future," warns Lucia Dunn, professor of economics at Ohio State． "If our findings persist, we may be faced with a financial crisis among elderly people who can't pay off their credit cards."
Dunn says a lot of these young people are never going to get out from under their credit card debt."Many people are borrowing on credit cards so heavily that payoff rates at these levels are not sufficient to recover their credit card debt by the end of their life, which could have loss implications for the credit card issuing banks."
What is the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．Many young Americans will never be able to pay off their debts.
B．Credit cards play .an increasingly important role in college life.
C．Credit cards are doing more haxm than student loans.
D．The American credit card system is under criticism.
5、听录音,回答题
A．ney want to change the way EngHsh is taught.
B．They learn English to find well-paid jobs.
C．rnley want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.
D．They know clearly what they want to learn.
6、听录音,回答题
A．Dogs in our daily lives．
B．Expressions with dogs．
C．The role dogs take in America．
D． Attitude of city dwellers to dogs．
7、根据材料，回答问题。
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Nearly a third of women are the main breadwinners in their household in Britain, according to a major survey.
Researchers said that in many relationships it was no longer assumed that the man would bring in the bigger income, 36in a time of widespread redundancies (裁员).
In a37 shift in attitudes, four out of ten women said that the career of whichever partner had the highest income would take38in the relationship.
In one in ten families, a house husband looks after the children and does the39while their female partner works full time.
Ten percent of women admitted this role 40 had put strains on their relationship and some said it had even led to them41 company.
The Women and Work Survey 2010, commissioned (受……委托) by Grazia magazine, found that almost half of full-time mothers42not earning their own money.
And two thirds of the mothers among the 2,000 women in the survey said they wanted to keep working insome way after having children.
A43 higher number of those with children under three said they would prefer to work--preferably part-time--rather than stay at home.
Victoria Harper of Grazia said,"Women are getting good jobs when they graduate, and working up the career44faster than they have ever done."
This means that there has to be more45between the roles of men and women in a relationship and when they have children.
A． precedence
B． connection
C． prospect
D． slightly
E. ladder
F. favored
G. plan
H. reversal
I. especially
J. parting
K. opposite
L. chores
M. disliked
N. fluidity
O. significant
36.__________
简答题
8、中国教育工作者早就认识到读书对于国家的重要意义。有些教育工作者2003年就建议设立全民读书日。他们强调。人们应当读好书，尤其是经典著作。通过阅读，人们能更好地学会感恩、有责任心和与人合作，而教育的目的正是要培养这些基本素质。阅读对于中小学生尤为重要，假如他们没有在这个关键时期培养阅读的兴趣，以后要养成阅读的习惯就很难了。
9、本周颁布的一项新法律要求子女必须经常探望年龄超过60岁的父母，并确保他们经济和精神上的需求得到满足。星期二，新华社报道了一则新闻，来自江苏省无锡市的一拉77岁的老太太起诉她的女儿忽略她。这是新法律生效后的起案件，当地法院规定她的女儿至少每月探望母亲两次，并提供财力支持。但是这项法律引发了争议。有人说这给了那些因为工作、学习或者其他原因搬离家乡的人更多压力.
10、笔、墨、纸、砚(inkstone)．就是人们所说的“文房四宝(fourtreasures cf the study)”，为书写中华五千年文明史作出了重要贡献。作为传承、弘扬中华文化和艺术的工具和载体，文房四宝铸就了汉字特有的书法 (calligraphy)艺术和中国国画的独特风格。文房四宝本身也是供人观赏的艺术品，并逐渐成为收藏品。文房四宝品类繁多，制作工艺不断趋于完善， 历代都有名匠、名品产生，形成了深厚的文化积淀。
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