2015年英语四级考试每日一练(12月16日)
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单项选择题
1、
Questions are based on the following passage.
The ideal companion machine--the computer——would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversational style make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable (不可预知的) and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.
Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation (恼怒 ) . After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend.
An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user's life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer's own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the computer might indeed become a very attractive social partner.
Which feature belongs to the computer as an ideal companion machine?
A．Cheap in price.
B．Enjoyable in performance.
C．Subtle in personality.
D．Unpredictable in behaviour.
2、
Children with a（1）vocabulary experience more success at school andin the workplace. How much parents talk to their children plays a（2）role, butnew research shows that it is not just the quantity but also the quality of parentalinput that matters. Helpful gestures and（3）glances may allow kids to graspconcepts more（4）than they otherwise would.
In a study published in June in the Proceedings of the NationalAcademy ofSciences USA, Erica Cartmill of the University of Chicago and her（5）recordedparents in their homes as they read books and played games with their 14-or18-month-old children. The researchers created hundreds of 40-second silentvideo clips of these interactions. Another set of study participants watched the videosand used clues from the scenes to（6）which nouns the parents were saying atvarious points in the sequences. The researchers used the accuracy of theseguesses to（7）how well a parent used nonverbal ( 非语言交际的 )（8）such as gesturing toward and looking at objects, to clarify a word's meaning.
Cartmill and her team found that the quality of parents' nonverbalsignaling（9）the size of their children's vocabulary three years later.
Surprisingly, socioeconomic ( 社会经济的)（10）did not play a role in thequality of the parents' nonverbal signaling. This result suggests that the well-known differences in children's vocabulary size across income levels are likely theresult of how much parents talk to their children, rather than how much nonverbalhelp they offer during those interactions.
A．broad
B．cues
C．degree
D．easily
E．Frankly
F．Guess
G．Large
H．Major
I．Meaningful
J．Partners
K．Predicted
L．Rate
M．Reviewed
N．Status
O．Unlikely
第(1)题__________
3、
Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard．
根据录音，选择合适的答案( )
A．Job hopping．
B．Putting up a notice．
C．Travelling by plane．
D．Learning a foreign language．
4、
Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．Mother and son.
B．Manager and cook.
C．Superior and subordinate.
D．Husband and wife.
5、听录音,回答题
A．Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.
B．Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.
C．Fetch the documents signed by Mr Gartner.
D．Accompany Mr Gartner to the Linate airport.
6、听录音,
回答题
A．They came in five different colors．
B．They were good value for money．
C．They were a very good design．
D．They were s01d out very quickly．
7、Questions are based on the following passage．
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10 th and ll th centuries．As a wife，the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry(嫁妆)．Admittedly，the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion，but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important．The dowry was the wifesright to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property．The wife had the right to withhold consent，in all transactions the husband would make，and more than just a right；the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision，equal to that of her husband．In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife．
The wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property，but the opposite was not always true．Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights，and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit．A case in point is that of Maria Vivas．Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited，for the needs of the household，she insisted on compensation．None being offered，she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Mir0’s personal inheritance．The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree，as the contract says，“for the sake of peace”．Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered，the wife knew how to win herself，with the context of the family，a powerful economic position．
Originally，the purpose of a dowry is to——．
A．give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property
B．help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family
C．protect a woman against the risk of desertion
D． both A and C
8、听句子，回答问题。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．Recalling something from one's memory.
B．The preparatory method in exams.
C．Conscience.
D．Man's mind,
简答题
9、For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You shouldstart your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express yourviews on individualism. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.
10、For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more. than 180 words.
1、
Questions are based on the following passage.
The ideal companion machine--the computer——would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also behave in a pleasant manner. Its informal conversational style make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly unpredictable (不可预知的) and therefore very interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant, but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more relaxed and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive participant but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes take the initiative in developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.
Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it imitated the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an appropriate time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy. The whole process would be accomplished in a subtle way to avoid giving an impression of over-familiarity that would be likely to produce irritation (恼怒 ) . After experiencing a wealth of powerful, well-timed friendship indicators, the user would be very likely to accept the computer as far more than a machine and might well come to regard it as a friend.
An artificial relationship of this type would provide many of the benefits that people obtain from interpersonal friendships. The computer would participate in interesting conversation that could continue from previous discussions. It would have a familiarity with the user's life as revealed in earlier contact, and it would be understanding and good-humored. The computer's own personality would be lively and impressive, and it would develop in response to that of the user. With features such as these, the computer might indeed become a very attractive social partner.
Which feature belongs to the computer as an ideal companion machine?
A．Cheap in price.
B．Enjoyable in performance.
C．Subtle in personality.
D．Unpredictable in behaviour.
2、
Children with a（1）vocabulary experience more success at school andin the workplace. How much parents talk to their children plays a（2）role, butnew research shows that it is not just the quantity but also the quality of parentalinput that matters. Helpful gestures and（3）glances may allow kids to graspconcepts more（4）than they otherwise would.
In a study published in June in the Proceedings of the NationalAcademy ofSciences USA, Erica Cartmill of the University of Chicago and her（5）recordedparents in their homes as they read books and played games with their 14-or18-month-old children. The researchers created hundreds of 40-second silentvideo clips of these interactions. Another set of study participants watched the videosand used clues from the scenes to（6）which nouns the parents were saying atvarious points in the sequences. The researchers used the accuracy of theseguesses to（7）how well a parent used nonverbal ( 非语言交际的 )（8）such as gesturing toward and looking at objects, to clarify a word's meaning.
Cartmill and her team found that the quality of parents' nonverbalsignaling（9）the size of their children's vocabulary three years later.
Surprisingly, socioeconomic ( 社会经济的)（10）did not play a role in thequality of the parents' nonverbal signaling. This result suggests that the well-known differences in children's vocabulary size across income levels are likely theresult of how much parents talk to their children, rather than how much nonverbalhelp they offer during those interactions.
A．broad
B．cues
C．degree
D．easily
E．Frankly
F．Guess
G．Large
H．Major
I．Meaningful
J．Partners
K．Predicted
L．Rate
M．Reviewed
N．Status
O．Unlikely
第(1)题__________
3、
Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard．
根据录音，选择合适的答案( )
A．Job hopping．
B．Putting up a notice．
C．Travelling by plane．
D．Learning a foreign language．
4、
Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．Mother and son.
B．Manager and cook.
C．Superior and subordinate.
D．Husband and wife.
5、听录音,回答题
A．Bring him up to date on the current situation in Milan.
B．Inform him of the arrangements for his trip in Italy.
C．Fetch the documents signed by Mr Gartner.
D．Accompany Mr Gartner to the Linate airport.
6、听录音,
点击播放
回答题
A．They came in five different colors．
B．They were good value for money．
C．They were a very good design．
D．They were s01d out very quickly．
7、Questions are based on the following passage．
It is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10 th and ll th centuries．As a wife，the woman was protected by the setting up of a dowry(嫁妆)．Admittedly，the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion，but in reality its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important．The dowry was the wifesright to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property．The wife had the right to withhold consent，in all transactions the husband would make，and more than just a right；the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision，equal to that of her husband．In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife．
The wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property，but the opposite was not always true．Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights，and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit．A case in point is that of Maria Vivas．Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited，for the needs of the household，she insisted on compensation．None being offered，she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from Mir0’s personal inheritance．The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree，as the contract says，“for the sake of peace”．Either through the dowry or through being hot-tempered，the wife knew how to win herself，with the context of the family，a powerful economic position．
Originally，the purpose of a dowry is to——．
A．give a woman the right to receive all her husband’s property
B．help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the family
C．protect a woman against the risk of desertion
D． both A and C
8、听句子，回答问题。
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．Recalling something from one's memory.
B．The preparatory method in exams.
C．Conscience.
D．Man's mind,
简答题
9、For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You shouldstart your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express yourviews on individualism. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.
10、For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more. than 180 words.
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