2018年湖北成人学位英语考试冲刺试题及答案一
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do especially in tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. "It's amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves," he says.
"Resumes(简历)arrive with stains.Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate," Crossley concludes. "If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?"
Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. "To keep from losing the forest for the trees," says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we are working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else."
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. "The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time." says Garfield. But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal.This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Too often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break(机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
26.According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected_____.
A.because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
B.because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C.because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications
D.because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves
答案：A.答题依据是段后一句话"It's amazing how many candidates to eliminate themselves," ”he say. 和第二段句Resumes arrive with stains.前一句是结果，后一句是原因。题干中job applicants，rejected分别与文中candidates，eliminate对应。答案：选项中的carelessness与文中stain对应。
27.The word "perfectionists" (Para. 3, Line 1) refers to those who_____.
A.demand others to get everything absolutely right
B.know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C.pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
D.are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
答案：C.答题时首先要依靠上下文。第三段句话中的too…to结构是设问：我们会不会对细节过份注重?第二句话中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward意思是：以牺牲要做的大事为代价而注重一些鸡毛蒜皮的小事。由此可见Perfectionists(完美主义者)是一种事无巨细一概追求尽善尽美，但往往又失去主要目标的人。后一句To keep from the forest for the trees相当于中文的“只见树木不见森林”，“抓了芝麻丢了西瓜”一类说法。答题时还应搞清这一段在全文语篇发展中所起的承上启下的作用。本文前两段是批评人们粗枝大叶，不拘小节。这一段转而告诫人们不要过于拘泥于小节，吹毛求疵，而应该在注意细节的同时不忘整体。
28.Which of the following is the author's advice to the reader?
A.Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.
B.Don't forget details when drawing pictures.
C.Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
D.Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
答案：A.推理依据有两处，处是第三段第二句话中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger，言下之意是：过于注重细节往往要付出很大代价。另一处是文章后一段的后一句话，意思是：只要人们把手头的一件件小事做好就可能得到很大的报偿。根据这两处所述，我们可以推断，作者会这样劝告人们“虽然过于注重细节可能要付出大的代价，但我们还是不应该忽略它们”。
29.The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _______.
A.minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B.failure is the mother of success
C.adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D.keeping one's goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
答案：D.首先要考虑作者在第三段的后半部分引用Charles Garfield所说的话We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else(我们必须不断地问自己，当前做的细节小事是否与整体大事相适应。如果不是这样，就应该放下它们，去做别的事)。作者的观点是：人们在做事时应时时注意调整局部与整体的关系。那么，什么是整体?在第四段中，作者以the Apollo II moon launch为例证，具体说明：目标是整体的关键所在，即在做事的过程中不断调整局部与全局的关系是为了终实现已确定的目标。
30.The best title for this passage would be ________.
A.Don't Be a Perfectionists
B.Importance of Adjustments
C.Details and Major Objectives
D.Hard Work Plus Good Luck
答案：C.答案：应综合文章前后两部分的内容。前半部分说明粗枝大叶的害处，后半部分说明光注重细节而忽略细节与整体的关系同样是有害的。干扰项A、B内容均太窄，D项是细枝末节，与文章中心思想关联甚少。Passage Four本文介绍了古今世界各地不同的婚俗风情。
学位英语报名：2018年成人学位英语考试报名专题
学位英语指南：2018年成人学位英语考试新手指南