2011年英è¯å››çº§è‹±è¯‘汉命题规律
导读: "英译汉"是从1996å¹´1月起在大å¦å…年级考试ä¸é¢„备采用的新题型之一,但至今未在考试ä¸å‡ºçŽ°è¿‡ã€‚å¯¹è¿‘å¹´å…çº§è¯•é¢˜çš„ç ”ç©¶è¡¨æ˜Žï¼Œæ²¡æœ‰å‡ºè¿‡çš„é¢˜å¹¶ä¸�代表ä¸�考,作为新题型的一ç§�,英译汉是必须把æ�¡çš„内容,æ¯�年都有å�¯èƒ½é‡‡ç”¨è¿™ä¸ªé¢˜åž‹ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œè€ƒç”Ÿå¿…须对æ¤ä½œå¥½å……分的预备。
  一�命题规律
  "英译汉"是从1996å¹´1月起在大å¦å…年级考试ä¸é¢„备采用的新题型之一,但至今未在考试ä¸å‡ºçŽ°è¿‡ã€‚å¯¹è¿‘å¹´å…çº§è¯•é¢˜çš„ç ”ç©¶è¡¨æ˜Žï¼Œæ²¡æœ‰å‡ºè¿‡çš„é¢˜å¹¶ä¸�代表ä¸�考,作为新题型的一ç§�,英译汉是必须把æ�¡çš„内容,æ¯�年都有å�¯èƒ½é‡‡ç”¨è¿™ä¸ªé¢˜åž‹ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œè€ƒç”Ÿå¿…须对æ¤ä½œå¥½å……分的预备。
  "英译汉"考题安排在ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†ä¹‹å�Žï¼Œæ¯�次考试共5题,分别从ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†çš„4ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ä¸é€‰æ‹©ä¸€è‡³ä¸¤ä¸ªå�¥å�组æˆ�一题,æ¯�题约20 30个。考试时间为15分钟。考试时考生å�¯å�‚阅ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†çš„æœ‰å…³æ–‡ç« ,以便了解上下文。
  下é�¢æ˜¯"英译汉"æ ·é¢˜å�Šå�‚è€ƒç”æ¡ˆï¼š
  Directions:In this part,there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the reading Passages you have just read in the Third Part of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.
  You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.1.(Line 1~2,Para.2,Passage
  1)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots,and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
  届时,将出现由机器人主æŒ�的电视谈è¯�节目以å�Šè£…æœ‰æ±¡æŸ“ç›‘æŽ§å™¨çš„æ±½è½¦ï¼Œä¸€æ—¦è¿™äº›æ±½è½¦æŽ’æ±¡è¶…æ ‡(è¿�è§„),监控器就会令其å�œé©¶ã€‚
  本题属于包å�«å®šè¯ä»Žå�¥çš„å¤�å�ˆå�¥ã€‚å�¥å�框架为:There will be television chat shows…,and cars with pollution monitors…that从å�¥ä¿®é¥°pollution monitors。when引导状è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚
  2.(Line 2~3,Para.1,Passage 2)
  Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
  在现代æ�¡ä»¶ä¸‹ï¼Œè¿™éœ€è¦�ä¸�å�Œç¨‹åº¦çš„ä¸å¿ƒæŽ§åˆ¶æŽªæ–½ï¼Œä»Žè€Œå°±éœ€è¦�获得诸如ç»�济å¦å’Œè¿�ç¹å¦ç‰é¢†åŸŸä¸“å®¶çš„å��助。
  本题属于简å�•å�¥ã€‚å�¥å�框架是this requires various measures of centralized control and…the help of specialized scientists such as…。本å�¥æ¯”较简å�•。
  需è¦�注é‡�的是:require有两个宾è¯ã€‚第2ä¸ªå®¾è¯æ˜¯the help。在时需è¦�åŠ ä¸Š"获得"二å—。measure 在这里是"程度,幅度,é™�度"çš„æ„�æ€�。varying measureså�¯è¯‘æˆ�"程度ä¸�å�Œ"。
  3.(Line 2~3,Para.1,Passage 3)
  But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.更为é‡�è¦�的是,这是科å¦å®¶ä»¬æ‰€èƒ½è§‚测到的é�¥è¿œçš„è¿‡åŽ»çš„æ™¯è±¡ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬çœ‹åˆ°çš„æ˜¯150亿年å‰�宇宙云的外形和结构。
本å�¥ä¸ºå…¸åž‹çš„é•¿å�¥ã€‚主干为主å�¥+forå¼•å¯¼çš„åŽŸå› çŠ¶è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚ä¸�过,主å�¥ä¸å�«å®šè¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œä¿®é¥°è¡¨è¯ï¼›çжè¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«ä¸»è¯ä»Žå�¥å’Œä¿®é¥°è¡¨è¯çš„定è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚è¦�害è¯�为pattern,本å�¥ä¸åº”译为"外形,形æ€�"。å�¦å¤–,billion到底是多少,è¦�弄清楚。
  4.(Line 2~3,para.1,Passage 4)
  Actually,it isnt,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have
  事实并é�žå¦‚æ¤ï¼Œå› 为这ç§�问法是以人们对人的æ�ƒåˆ©æœ‰å…±å�Œç†Ÿæ‚‰ä¸ºå‰�æ��的,而这ç§�共识并ä¸�å˜åœ¨ã€‚本å�¥ä¸ºä¸»ä»Žå¤�å�ˆå�¥ã€‚主è¯å¾ˆç®€å�•,但because引导的状è¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«å®¾è¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œè¯¥å®¾è¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«é�žé™�定性定è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚è¦�害è¯�:assumeå�‡å®šï¼Œä»¥â€¦â€¦ä¸ºå‰�æ��ï¼›agreed account一致的熟悉。
  5.(Line 5~6,Para.1,Passage 4)
  When that happens,it is not a mistake:it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action,an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
  这ç§�å��应没什么错:这是人类用é�“德观念进行推ç�†çš„æœ¬èƒ½åœ¨èµ·ä½œç”¨ã€‚è¿™ç§�本能应得到鼓励,而ä¸�应é�到嘲弄。
  冒å�·å‰�é�¢çš„部分看似简å�•,但时一定è¦�注é‡�"通顺"或者说å�ˆä¹Žæ±‰è¯ä¹ 惯的原则。
  "英译汉"是从1996å¹´1月起在大å¦å…年级考试ä¸é¢„备采用的新题型之一,但至今未在考试ä¸å‡ºçŽ°è¿‡ã€‚å¯¹è¿‘å¹´å…çº§è¯•é¢˜çš„ç ”ç©¶è¡¨æ˜Žï¼Œæ²¡æœ‰å‡ºè¿‡çš„é¢˜å¹¶ä¸�代表ä¸�考,作为新题型的一ç§�,英译汉是必须把æ�¡çš„内容,æ¯�年都有å�¯èƒ½é‡‡ç”¨è¿™ä¸ªé¢˜åž‹ï¼Œå› æ¤ï¼Œè€ƒç”Ÿå¿…须对æ¤ä½œå¥½å……分的预备。
  "英译汉"考题安排在ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†ä¹‹å�Žï¼Œæ¯�次考试共5题,分别从ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†çš„4ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ä¸é€‰æ‹©ä¸€è‡³ä¸¤ä¸ªå�¥å�组æˆ�一题,æ¯�题约20 30个。考试时间为15分钟。考试时考生å�¯å�‚阅ç�†è§£éƒ¨åˆ†çš„æœ‰å…³æ–‡ç« ,以便了解上下文。
  下é�¢æ˜¯"英译汉"æ ·é¢˜å�Šå�‚è€ƒç”æ¡ˆï¼š
  Directions:In this part,there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences.These sentences are all taken from the reading Passages you have just read in the Third Part of the Test Paper.You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation.
  You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.1.(Line 1~2,Para.2,Passage
  1)There will be television chat shows hosted by robots,and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
  届时,将出现由机器人主æŒ�的电视谈è¯�节目以å�Šè£…æœ‰æ±¡æŸ“ç›‘æŽ§å™¨çš„æ±½è½¦ï¼Œä¸€æ—¦è¿™äº›æ±½è½¦æŽ’æ±¡è¶…æ ‡(è¿�è§„),监控器就会令其å�œé©¶ã€‚
  本题属于包å�«å®šè¯ä»Žå�¥çš„å¤�å�ˆå�¥ã€‚å�¥å�框架为:There will be television chat shows…,and cars with pollution monitors…that从å�¥ä¿®é¥°pollution monitors。when引导状è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚
  2.(Line 2~3,Para.1,Passage 2)
  Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
  在现代æ�¡ä»¶ä¸‹ï¼Œè¿™éœ€è¦�ä¸�å�Œç¨‹åº¦çš„ä¸å¿ƒæŽ§åˆ¶æŽªæ–½ï¼Œä»Žè€Œå°±éœ€è¦�获得诸如ç»�济å¦å’Œè¿�ç¹å¦ç‰é¢†åŸŸä¸“å®¶çš„å��助。
  本题属于简å�•å�¥ã€‚å�¥å�框架是this requires various measures of centralized control and…the help of specialized scientists such as…。本å�¥æ¯”较简å�•。
  需è¦�注é‡�的是:require有两个宾è¯ã€‚第2ä¸ªå®¾è¯æ˜¯the help。在时需è¦�åŠ ä¸Š"获得"二å—。measure 在这里是"程度,幅度,é™�度"çš„æ„�æ€�。varying measureså�¯è¯‘æˆ�"程度ä¸�å�Œ"。
  3.(Line 2~3,Para.1,Passage 3)
  But even more important,it was the farthest that scientists had been able to look into the past,for what they were seeing were the patterns and structures that existed 15 billion years ago.更为é‡�è¦�的是,这是科å¦å®¶ä»¬æ‰€èƒ½è§‚测到的é�¥è¿œçš„è¿‡åŽ»çš„æ™¯è±¡ï¼Œå› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬çœ‹åˆ°çš„æ˜¯150亿年å‰�宇宙云的外形和结构。
本å�¥ä¸ºå…¸åž‹çš„é•¿å�¥ã€‚主干为主å�¥+forå¼•å¯¼çš„åŽŸå› çŠ¶è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚ä¸�过,主å�¥ä¸å�«å®šè¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œä¿®é¥°è¡¨è¯ï¼›çжè¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«ä¸»è¯ä»Žå�¥å’Œä¿®é¥°è¡¨è¯çš„定è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚è¦�害è¯�为pattern,本å�¥ä¸åº”译为"外形,形æ€�"。å�¦å¤–,billion到底是多少,è¦�弄清楚。
  4.(Line 2~3,para.1,Passage 4)
  Actually,it isnt,because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights,which is something the world does not have
  事实并é�žå¦‚æ¤ï¼Œå› 为这ç§�问法是以人们对人的æ�ƒåˆ©æœ‰å…±å�Œç†Ÿæ‚‰ä¸ºå‰�æ��的,而这ç§�共识并ä¸�å˜åœ¨ã€‚本å�¥ä¸ºä¸»ä»Žå¤�å�ˆå�¥ã€‚主è¯å¾ˆç®€å�•,但because引导的状è¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«å®¾è¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œè¯¥å®¾è¯ä»Žå�¥ä¸å�ˆå�«é�žé™�定性定è¯ä»Žå�¥ã€‚è¦�害è¯�:assumeå�‡å®šï¼Œä»¥â€¦â€¦ä¸ºå‰�æ��ï¼›agreed account一致的熟悉。
  5.(Line 5~6,Para.1,Passage 4)
  When that happens,it is not a mistake:it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action,an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
  这ç§�å��应没什么错:这是人类用é�“德观念进行推ç�†çš„æœ¬èƒ½åœ¨èµ·ä½œç”¨ã€‚è¿™ç§�本能应得到鼓励,而ä¸�应é�到嘲弄。
  冒å�·å‰�é�¢çš„部分看似简å�•,但时一定è¦�注é‡�"通顺"或者说å�ˆä¹Žæ±‰è¯ä¹ 惯的原则。
  相关推è��:è€�师指导:从心ç�†è§’度æ��高四å…级å�¬åŠ›æˆ�绩
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