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英语四级备考笔记:翻译练习

  练习1
  中国烹饪(Chinese cuisine)文化是中国文化中有关烹饪和休闲的��组�部分。中国悠久的历��广袤的疆土�好客的习俗孕育了这一独特艺术。中�以其“色�香�味�形�俱全而著称。它讲究原料的选��食物的质地��料(seasonings)的调制�切�的刀功�适时的烹调以�装盘艺术。负盛�的�系有�方粤��北方���东部淮扬�和西部��,以“�淡北咸,东甜西辣��称。
  �1:中国烹饪(Chinese cuisine)文化是中国文化中有关烹饪和休闲的��组�部分。
  �路点拨:“…是…�结构的���以翻译�使用be动�的主系表结构本�中虽然给出的时“有关…�,但仔细�摩其��应该是“在…方��,故译为in the aspect of.
  Chinese cuisine culture is an important part of Chinese culture in the aspect of cooking and leisure.
  �2:中国悠久的历��广袤的疆土�好客的习俗孕育了这一独特艺术。
  �路点拨:本�的主语是三个并列的�正短语,如果按照原有的语�翻译�英文。则主语太长,�符�英语的表达习惯。因此,本�翻译时应该将主语和宾语互�,�时将“孕育了��译为owe…to…(将…归因于,将…归功于),三个并列的短语作介�to的宾语。
  This unique art owes itself to the long history, vast territory and hospitable tradition of China.
  �3:中�以其“色�香�味�形�俱全而著称。
  �路点拨:本�中“以…而著称�用be famous for�表示;“形��是“形状�,而是“外观�,应译为appearance; “俱全�译为perfect combination of.
  Chinese food is famous for its perfect combination of “color, aroma, taste and appearance�.
  �4:它讲究原料的选��食物的质地��料(seasonings)的调制�切�的刀功�适时的烹调以�装盘艺术。
  �路点拨:本�中“讲究��是“注��,故译为gives emphasis to; “质地��是“质��,��译为quality, 应译为texture. “�料的调制��“切�的刀功��“适时的烹调�和“装盘艺术��次译为the blending of seasonings�slicing techniques�the perfect timing of cooking和the art of laying out the food on the plate.
  It gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials, the texture of food, the blending of seasonings, slicing techniques, the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate.
  �5:负盛�的�系有�方粤��北方���东部淮扬�和西部��,以“�淡北咸,东甜西辣��称。
  �路点拨:本��用介�Among置于�首的倒装�型,表示众多负盛�的�系“有…�;���是对���内容的补充说明,�以用过去分�短语noted as…(以…著称)这��谓语动���消��的独立性,�时也增  加了��的节�感。“�系��是“派别�,用school较为�适,��以译为其他�汇。原文中虽没有“味��二字,但�微注�一下便�得知“�淡北咸,东甜西辣�说的就是“味��,所以翻译时应把“味��(flavor)翻 译出�。
  Among the best-known schools of cuisine are the Cantonese cuisine of the south, the Shandong cuisine of the north, the Huai-Yang cuisine of the east and the Sichuan cuisine of the west, noted as “the light flavor of the south, the salty flavor of the north, the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west�.

  练习2
  筷�(chopsticks)是能�映中国饮食文化特色和传统的��象�之一。筷�有�悠久的历�,有关筷�的记载�以追溯到3000多年以�。无论到何时何地,中国人�饭都很难离开筷�。此外,筷�还�以作为礼仪(etiquette)�馈赠�寄情�收�的特殊工艺�和礼�。如今,筷�已�出现在全世界很多国家的�桌上,西方还�行起了“为了您的�康,请您拿起筷���的时潮。
  �1:筷�(chopsticks)是能�映中国饮食文化特色和传统的��象�之一。
  �路点拨:本�的��主干为“筷�是…之一�,译为chopsticks are one of…; “能�映中国饮食文化特色和传统��处��定语从�,�修饰“��象��,译为that can most reflect the characteristics and   traditions of Chinese food culture。“象��译为symbol.
  译:Chopsticks are one of the important symbols that can most reflect the characteristics and traditions of Chinese food culture.
  �2:筷�有�悠久的历�,有关筷�的记载�以追溯到3000多年以�。
  �路点拨:本��处��and连接的并列�。�中“悠久的��用long�表达;“有关…的记载�译为the records of…; “追溯到�译为be traced back to。
  Chopsticks have a long history and the records of them can be traced back to more than 3000 years ago.
  �3:无论到何时何地,中国人�饭都很难离开筷�。
  �路点拨:本�中“无论到何时何地��处��状
  语;��部分�用�型“it is +形容�+for sb. to do sth.�。“离开筷���“没有筷��,�译为without chopsticks.
  Wherever and whenever, it is hard for Chinese people to have meals without chopsticks.
  �4:此外,筷�还�以作为礼仪(etiquette)�馈赠�寄情�收�的特殊工艺�和礼�。
  �路点拨:本�中 “…�以作为…��处��…can be used as…的形�。“此外��以译为in addition; “馈赠��译为gifting;“寄情��“表达情感�,�译为expressing feelings。
  In addition, chopsticks can also be used as special handicrafts and presents for etiquette, gifting, expressing feelings and collection.

  难点注释:
  �1:白色污染指的是塑料污染(plastic pollution)。
  “指的是��译为refer to.
  White pollution refers to plastic pollution.
  �2:��回收的(unrecyclable)塑料��盒沿途到处都是。
  Unrecyclable plastic lunch boxes are all along roads.
  �3:塑料购物袋在空中飞扬。
  “在空中飞扬��译为dance in the wind.
  Plastic shopping bags dance in the wind.
  �4:如果我们继续使用这些会�生什么呢?
  If we continue using them, what would happen?
  �5:有一天,它们会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中。
  “会将我们埋葬在白色垃圾堆中��译为might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
  One day they might bury us in an ocean of white rubbish.
  �6:那时的地�—我们共�的家园将�为一个垃圾桶(dustbin)。
  Then the earth, our common homeland, would be a dustbin.
  �7:为防止这个噩梦�为现实,政府间应该互相紧密�作并将�头承诺付诸实际行动。
  “为防止这个噩梦�为现实�译为目的状语:To prevent this nightmare from coming true; “互相紧密�作�译为work closely with each other; “将�头承诺付诸实际行动�译为back up their verbal commitment by actions.
  译:To prevent this nightmare from coming true, governments need to work closely with each other and back up their verbal commitment by actions.

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