2014年英语四级考试每日一练(6月19日)
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单项选择题
1、根据以下资料，回答题。
请在第_____处填上正确答案。
2、根据以下材料回答题：
Which of the following is seen as the cause of class differences in the past?
3、阅读下列材料，回答题：
According to Mimi Donaldson, dinner is no longer comfortable now because __________.
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
Kodak's decision tofile for bankruptcy (破产)protectionis a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading Americancorporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film marketfor decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.
Although manyattribute Kodak's downfall to "complacency (自满)," that explanation doesn't acknowledge thelengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodakanticipated that digital photography would overtake film - and in fact, Kodakinvented the first digital camera in 1975 --- but in a fateful decision, thecompany chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional filmbusiness.
It wasn't that Kodakwas blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at HarvardBusiness School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confrontit. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.
Kodak is an exampleof a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot ofmoney trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficulttime switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existingassets into the new businesses.
Although Kodakanticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的) culture was too rooted in thesuccesses of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embracethe future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so importantto them. Now their history has become a liability.
Kodak's downfallover the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90%of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, whichundermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak'sdecision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, whichexploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.
What do we learn about Kodak?
A．It went bankrupt all of a sudden．
B．It is approaching its downfall.
C．It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.
D．It is playing a dominant role in the film market.
5、Questions are based on the following passage.
I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinctionand one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mindand the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel nomatter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture afleeting ( 稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it withthe world in raw form; no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want tomake writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls"free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. Nostopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideaswill come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have taw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded tosit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually haveand you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through youravailable time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forthuntil you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel" (Line 3, Para.1 ) in the writing process, he means ____
A．no one can be both creative and critical
B．they cannot be regarded as equally important
C．they are in constant conflict with each other
D．one cannot use them at the same time
填空题
6、___________(想到还得重新考试) depressed him.
7、The newspaper did not mention________(火灾造成的损害的程度)．
8、根据以下材料回答题：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9、
根据你所听到的回答题：
请在（36）处填上答案。
简答题
10、 对全球的应用程序(app)开发商来说，打入中国，这个世界的智能手机(smartphone)市场是非常不容易的。程序开发商们必须与数十家应用程序零售店(retail store)打交道，政府对这些零售店的监管要比美国宽松。程序开发商在中国还必须努力避免自己受到“山寨”产品泛滥的冲击，避开各种监管障碍以及中国本地程序开发商的激烈竞争。
1、根据以下资料，回答题。
请在第_____处填上正确答案。
2、根据以下材料回答题：
Which of the following is seen as the cause of class differences in the past?
3、阅读下列材料，回答题：
According to Mimi Donaldson, dinner is no longer comfortable now because __________.
4、Questions are based on the following passage.
Kodak's decision tofile for bankruptcy (破产)protectionis a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading Americancorporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film marketfor decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.
Although manyattribute Kodak's downfall to "complacency (自满)," that explanation doesn't acknowledge thelengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodakanticipated that digital photography would overtake film - and in fact, Kodakinvented the first digital camera in 1975 --- but in a fateful decision, thecompany chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional filmbusiness.
It wasn't that Kodakwas blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at HarvardBusiness School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confrontit. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.
Kodak is an exampleof a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot ofmoney trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficulttime switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existingassets into the new businesses.
Although Kodakanticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate (企业的) culture was too rooted in thesuccesses of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embracethe future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so importantto them. Now their history has become a liability.
Kodak's downfallover the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90%of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, whichundermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak'sdecision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, whichexploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.
What do we learn about Kodak?
A．It went bankrupt all of a sudden．
B．It is approaching its downfall.
C．It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.
D．It is playing a dominant role in the film market.
5、Questions are based on the following passage.
I've been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinctionand one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mindand the critical mind. While you need to employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel nomatter how much we might like to think so.
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture afleeting ( 稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it withthe world in raw form; no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want tomake writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write is what Elbow calls"free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. Nostopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideaswill come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Now you have taw materials that you can begin to work with using the critical mind that you've persuaded tosit on the side and watch quietly. Most likely, you will believe that this will take more time than you actually haveand you will end up staring blankly at the page as the deadline draws near.
Instead of staring at a blank screen, start filling it with words no matter how bad. Halfway through youravailable time, stop and rework your raw writing into something closer to finished product. Move back and forthuntil you run out of time and the final result will most likely be far better than your current practices.
When the author says the creative mind and the critical mind "cannot work in parallel" (Line 3, Para.1 ) in the writing process, he means ____
A．no one can be both creative and critical
B．they cannot be regarded as equally important
C．they are in constant conflict with each other
D．one cannot use them at the same time
填空题
6、___________(想到还得重新考试) depressed him.
7、The newspaper did not mention________(火灾造成的损害的程度)．
8、根据以下材料回答题：
请在（47）处填上答案。
9、
点击播放
根据你所听到的回答题：
请在（36）处填上答案。
简答题
10、 对全球的应用程序(app)开发商来说，打入中国，这个世界的智能手机(smartphone)市场是非常不容易的。程序开发商们必须与数十家应用程序零售店(retail store)打交道，政府对这些零售店的监管要比美国宽松。程序开发商在中国还必须努力避免自己受到“山寨”产品泛滥的冲击，避开各种监管障碍以及中国本地程序开发商的激烈竞争。
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