2014年英语四级考试每日一练(9月23日)
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单项选择题
1、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to video games and apps, what's a parent to do? On the one hand, we're told about the harm of letting kids play with computer games and gadgets (小器具). On the other, we're attracted by games and apps marketedtd us as "educational".
It's a tricky line to follow. Kids' apps range from "baking" cupcakes to crushing war demons (恶魔)Most of them have some educational aspect--at the very least kids learn what ingredients are used in cupcake baking, and the physics of launching Angry Birds at just the right angle to kill the piggies. That's learning, isn't it?
There lie the vague boundaries. Not all games are educational, and not all are shallow forms of entertainment. In fact, most have some elements of both. The trick is to figure out what we want kids to learn and to experience. To collect them all into one category is to miss out on a huge treasure trove (宝库)of learning opportunities. Real learnh apps have a set of criteria that qualifies them as educational, sorather than writing them all off as a waste of time, parents can figure out what their kids are exposed to."We don't ever want to separate engagement from the purposes of learning," said Daniel Edelson, Executive Director and Vice President of Educa on and Children's Programs at the National Geographic Society at a cyber-learning conference last week. "When you're engaged with activities that have learning goals, you can connect the dots between engagement and learning. If you use engagement in its broadest possible sense when people are paying attention because of bright lights and activity, then you don't find that connection. "
So should parents feel guilty allowing their kids to play games on mobile devices?
"No," says Dr. Michael Levine of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center, which recently released a study called Learning : Is There an App For That. "Kids see their parents using mobile phones all the time. It's only natural for them to want to use them too. And from the data in our study it looks like, many parents are letting their children use them responsibly--with restrictions and in moderation. "
What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．Parents feel confused when choosing video games and apps for children.
B．Parents should prevent children from playing video games and apps.
C．Parents are told about the harm of different computer games and gadgets.
D．Parents are suggested to expose children to educational gantes and apps.
2、Questions are based on the following passage.
Amid a summer of record-setting heat, a new survey f'mds that most of Generation X's (20世纪60年代到70年代初出生的美国人) young and middle-age adults are tminformed and unconcerned about climate change.
Only about 5% of Gen Xers, now 32 to 52 years old, are "alarmed" and 18% "concerned" about climate change, reports the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research on Tuesday. Two-thirds, or 66% , of those surveyed last year said they aren't sure global warming is happening and 10% said they don't believe it's occurring.
"Most Generation Xers are surprisingly disengaged, dismissive or doubtful about whether global climate change is happening and they don't spend much time worrying about it," said author Jon D.Miller.
The report comes as several Obama administration officials have recently linked extreme weather to climate change. In a report last week, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration cited six weather events last year and said that atmospheric changes caused by the burning of fossil fuels made
Texas' heat wave, for example, 20 times more likely than it would have been in the 1960s.
The Generation X survey of about 3,000 adults, the fourth in a continuing series, found a small butstatistically significant decline in Gen Xer's attention to climate change. In 2011, 16% said they followed the issue very or moderately closely, down from 2296 in 2009.
Why are Gen Xere so indifferent? The report, funded by the National Science Foundation, citesclimate change's complexity, pressing economic concerns and "issue fatigue". It finds educated adults tend to be more concerned about the issue. It also finds partisan (党派的) differences; nearly half ofliberal Democrats were concerned or alarmed compared to zero percent of conservative Republicans.
Miller said he expected that, given climate change's expected impact on future generations, parents of young children would be more concerned than those without kids.
"Not so," he said. " Generation X adults without minor children were. slightly more alarmed aboutclimate change than were parents. The difference is small, but it is in the opposite direction than weexpected. "' Miller said the report suggests that while there's broad awareness of climate change, manyGen Xers prefer to focus on more immediate issues such as jobs and schools.
What do we know about the Generation X according to the passage?
A．They are a group of people receiving little education.
B．They don't believe global warming will affect them.
C．They don't care very much about climate change.
D．They never think that climate change will happen.
3、Questions are based on the following passage．
Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age．So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors——or doesn’t it?
While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general，researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly．With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050，it's important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing．
In many cases，screening can lead to additional biopsies and surgeries to remove cancer,which can cause side effects，while the cancers themselves may be slow—growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’remaining years．But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer,it caused a riotous reaction among doctors，patients and advocacy groups．
It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data．Certainly,there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening，and gained several extra years of life because of treatment．And clearly,people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer，such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease，should continue to get screened regularly．But for me remainder,the risk of cancer,while increased at the end of life，must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命)．
A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening——especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population．
It，s not an easy calculation to make，but one that make sense for the whole patient．Dr．Otis Brawley said，“Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves．We need to think about the rational use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care．
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients，and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care，more is always better．
Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A．It is believed to contribute to long life．
B．It is part of their health care package．
C．The elderly are more sensitive about their health．
D．The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth．
4、Passage Two
Questions are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．They like music.
B．They want to express something.
C．They sing for enjoyment.
D．They are in a good temper.
5、Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．A business company.
B．A law firm.
C．An employment agency.
D．A construction company.
填空题
6、Questions are based on the following passage.
They go to one of the world's most prestigious universities and pride themselves on their superior intellect but almost half of Cambridge students admit they are not immune from the temptation to cheat and submit essays they find on Google, a survey suggests.
The results of a(n) 36________ online poll of more than 1,000 students 37________ by the student newspaper Varsity found that 49 per cent of undergraduates pass other people's work off as their own at some point during their university 38________ . Only 5 per cent said they had 39________ been caught plagiarizing ( 剽窃).Academics in universities across the country have been 40________ by their peers of turning a blind eye to the practice to 41________ their institutions to improve their national and international ranking.
One student told Varsity, "Sometimes, when I am really fed up, I Google the essay 42________ , copy and throw everything on to a blank word 43________ and jiggle ( 微调) the order a bit. They usually end up being the best essays."
Law students were most prone to ( 倾向于… ) plagiarism with 62 per cent of those questioned 44________ to breaking university rules.
A university spokesman told Varsity that it regarded plagiarism as a "serious and potentially disciplinary offence which can lead to failure to obtain, or withdrawal of a 45________ ." He said the university was planning to introduce detection software to crack down on the problem.
第(36)题__________。
7、Questions are based on the following passage．
Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera.Through the video conferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphicand physical (36) ~ can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with orwithout wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very (37) __and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS(Plain Old Telephone Service) or the (38) __ behind bandwidth, latency and is ochrony whichare used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is (39) __ in anybusiness, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your (40) will bethe right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but alsonote (41) __ expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking.Meetings are made more (42) __ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simpletelephone cannot (43) __. (44) __ , organizations are discovering the competitive advantagesand the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to(45) __ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardizedvideoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.
A．Fortunately
B．effective
C．images
D．ANTICULATE
E．facialF) manage
G．decsions
H．connect
I．adcanced
J．integrate
K．progressive
L．concepts M)pictures
N．Increasingly
O．important
第(36)题___________
8、All the information you need to apply for your visa is_______(可以免费获取)．
9、回答题：
So many people use the cell phone frequently every day．But___47___little is certain about the health effects of its use．Manufactures___48___that cell phones meet government standards for safe radio frequency radiation emission，but enough studies are beginning to document a possible___49___in rare brain tumors(肿瘤)，headaches and behavioral disorders in children to cause concern．So far,the evidence isn’t___50___ on whether the use of cell phones___51___to any increased risk of cancer．In a new trial，researchers asked 47 volunteers to___52___in a project to measure glucose(葡萄糖)consumption in the brain by scanning the brain to see how cells use energy．For both 50 minute scans，the volunteers had a cell phone___53___to each ear．During the first scan，the devices were turned off,but for the second scan，the phone on the right ear was___54___on and received a recorded-message call，although the volume was muted(消音) so the noise wouldn’t bias the results．The results of the second scan showed that the___55___0f the brain nearest to the device had higher rates of glucose consumption than the rest of the brain．The study shows that cell phones can change brain activLty,and___56___a whole new avenue for scientific inquiry,though it doesn’t say anything about whether cell-phone radiation can cause cancer．
A．conclusive
B．contributes
C．derive
D．expresses
E．fixed
F．immensely
G．increase
H．maintain
I．mission
J．participate
K．particular
L．provides
M．regions
N．surprisingly
O．switched
第(47)题__________
简答题
10、端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。 但后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子， 希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子 （glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
1、根据下列材料，请回答题：
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to video games and apps, what's a parent to do? On the one hand, we're told about the harm of letting kids play with computer games and gadgets (小器具). On the other, we're attracted by games and apps marketedtd us as "educational".
It's a tricky line to follow. Kids' apps range from "baking" cupcakes to crushing war demons (恶魔)Most of them have some educational aspect--at the very least kids learn what ingredients are used in cupcake baking, and the physics of launching Angry Birds at just the right angle to kill the piggies. That's learning, isn't it?
There lie the vague boundaries. Not all games are educational, and not all are shallow forms of entertainment. In fact, most have some elements of both. The trick is to figure out what we want kids to learn and to experience. To collect them all into one category is to miss out on a huge treasure trove (宝库)of learning opportunities. Real learnh apps have a set of criteria that qualifies them as educational, sorather than writing them all off as a waste of time, parents can figure out what their kids are exposed to."We don't ever want to separate engagement from the purposes of learning," said Daniel Edelson, Executive Director and Vice President of Educa on and Children's Programs at the National Geographic Society at a cyber-learning conference last week. "When you're engaged with activities that have learning goals, you can connect the dots between engagement and learning. If you use engagement in its broadest possible sense when people are paying attention because of bright lights and activity, then you don't find that connection. "
So should parents feel guilty allowing their kids to play games on mobile devices?
"No," says Dr. Michael Levine of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center, which recently released a study called Learning : Is There an App For That. "Kids see their parents using mobile phones all the time. It's only natural for them to want to use them too. And from the data in our study it looks like, many parents are letting their children use them responsibly--with restrictions and in moderation. "
What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．Parents feel confused when choosing video games and apps for children.
B．Parents should prevent children from playing video games and apps.
C．Parents are told about the harm of different computer games and gadgets.
D．Parents are suggested to expose children to educational gantes and apps.
2、Questions are based on the following passage.
Amid a summer of record-setting heat, a new survey f'mds that most of Generation X's (20世纪60年代到70年代初出生的美国人) young and middle-age adults are tminformed and unconcerned about climate change.
Only about 5% of Gen Xers, now 32 to 52 years old, are "alarmed" and 18% "concerned" about climate change, reports the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research on Tuesday. Two-thirds, or 66% , of those surveyed last year said they aren't sure global warming is happening and 10% said they don't believe it's occurring.
"Most Generation Xers are surprisingly disengaged, dismissive or doubtful about whether global climate change is happening and they don't spend much time worrying about it," said author Jon D.Miller.
The report comes as several Obama administration officials have recently linked extreme weather to climate change. In a report last week, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration cited six weather events last year and said that atmospheric changes caused by the burning of fossil fuels made
Texas' heat wave, for example, 20 times more likely than it would have been in the 1960s.
The Generation X survey of about 3,000 adults, the fourth in a continuing series, found a small butstatistically significant decline in Gen Xer's attention to climate change. In 2011, 16% said they followed the issue very or moderately closely, down from 2296 in 2009.
Why are Gen Xere so indifferent? The report, funded by the National Science Foundation, citesclimate change's complexity, pressing economic concerns and "issue fatigue". It finds educated adults tend to be more concerned about the issue. It also finds partisan (党派的) differences; nearly half ofliberal Democrats were concerned or alarmed compared to zero percent of conservative Republicans.
Miller said he expected that, given climate change's expected impact on future generations, parents of young children would be more concerned than those without kids.
"Not so," he said. " Generation X adults without minor children were. slightly more alarmed aboutclimate change than were parents. The difference is small, but it is in the opposite direction than weexpected. "' Miller said the report suggests that while there's broad awareness of climate change, manyGen Xers prefer to focus on more immediate issues such as jobs and schools.
What do we know about the Generation X according to the passage?
A．They are a group of people receiving little education.
B．They don't believe global warming will affect them.
C．They don't care very much about climate change.
D．They never think that climate change will happen.
3、Questions are based on the following passage．
Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age．So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors——or doesn’t it?
While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general，researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly．With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050，it's important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing．
In many cases，screening can lead to additional biopsies and surgeries to remove cancer,which can cause side effects，while the cancers themselves may be slow—growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’remaining years．But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so ingrained that when health care experts recommended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer,it caused a riotous reaction among doctors，patients and advocacy groups．
It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data．Certainly,there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening，and gained several extra years of life because of treatment．And clearly,people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer，such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease，should continue to get screened regularly．But for me remainder,the risk of cancer,while increased at the end of life，must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy(预期寿命)．
A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening——especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population．
It，s not an easy calculation to make，but one that make sense for the whole patient．Dr．Otis Brawley said，“Many doctors are ordering these tests purely to cover themselves．We need to think about the rational use of health care and stop talking about the rationing of health care．
That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients，and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care，more is always better．
Why do doctors recommend routine cancer screening for elderly people?
A．It is believed to contribute to long life．
B．It is part of their health care package．
C．The elderly are more sensitive about their health．
D．The elderly are in greater danger of tumor growth．
4、Passage Two
Questions are based on the passage you have just heard.
A．They like music.
B．They want to express something.
C．They sing for enjoyment.
D．They are in a good temper.
5、Questions are based on the conversation you have just heard.
A．A business company.
B．A law firm.
C．An employment agency.
D．A construction company.
填空题
6、Questions are based on the following passage.
They go to one of the world's most prestigious universities and pride themselves on their superior intellect but almost half of Cambridge students admit they are not immune from the temptation to cheat and submit essays they find on Google, a survey suggests.
The results of a(n) 36________ online poll of more than 1,000 students 37________ by the student newspaper Varsity found that 49 per cent of undergraduates pass other people's work off as their own at some point during their university 38________ . Only 5 per cent said they had 39________ been caught plagiarizing ( 剽窃).Academics in universities across the country have been 40________ by their peers of turning a blind eye to the practice to 41________ their institutions to improve their national and international ranking.
One student told Varsity, "Sometimes, when I am really fed up, I Google the essay 42________ , copy and throw everything on to a blank word 43________ and jiggle ( 微调) the order a bit. They usually end up being the best essays."
Law students were most prone to ( 倾向于… ) plagiarism with 62 per cent of those questioned 44________ to breaking university rules.
A university spokesman told Varsity that it regarded plagiarism as a "serious and potentially disciplinary offence which can lead to failure to obtain, or withdrawal of a 45________ ." He said the university was planning to introduce detection software to crack down on the problem.
第(36)题__________。
7、Questions are based on the following passage．
Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera.Through the video conferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphicand physical (36) ~ can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with orwithout wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very (37) __and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS(Plain Old Telephone Service) or the (38) __ behind bandwidth, latency and is ochrony whichare used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is (39) __ in anybusiness, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your (40) will bethe right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but alsonote (41) __ expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking.Meetings are made more (42) __ by sharing documents and computer applications that a simpletelephone cannot (43) __. (44) __ , organizations are discovering the competitive advantagesand the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to(45) __ essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardizedvideoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.
A．Fortunately
B．effective
C．images
D．ANTICULATE
E．facialF) manage
G．decsions
H．connect
I．adcanced
J．integrate
K．progressive
L．concepts M)pictures
N．Increasingly
O．important
第(36)题___________
8、All the information you need to apply for your visa is_______(可以免费获取)．
9、回答题：
So many people use the cell phone frequently every day．But___47___little is certain about the health effects of its use．Manufactures___48___that cell phones meet government standards for safe radio frequency radiation emission，but enough studies are beginning to document a possible___49___in rare brain tumors(肿瘤)，headaches and behavioral disorders in children to cause concern．So far,the evidence isn’t___50___ on whether the use of cell phones___51___to any increased risk of cancer．In a new trial，researchers asked 47 volunteers to___52___in a project to measure glucose(葡萄糖)consumption in the brain by scanning the brain to see how cells use energy．For both 50 minute scans，the volunteers had a cell phone___53___to each ear．During the first scan，the devices were turned off,but for the second scan，the phone on the right ear was___54___on and received a recorded-message call，although the volume was muted(消音) so the noise wouldn’t bias the results．The results of the second scan showed that the___55___0f the brain nearest to the device had higher rates of glucose consumption than the rest of the brain．The study shows that cell phones can change brain activLty,and___56___a whole new avenue for scientific inquiry,though it doesn’t say anything about whether cell-phone radiation can cause cancer．
A．conclusive
B．contributes
C．derive
D．expresses
E．fixed
F．immensely
G．increase
H．maintain
I．mission
J．participate
K．particular
L．provides
M．regions
N．surprisingly
O．switched
第(47)题__________
简答题
10、端午节，又叫龙舟节，是为了纪念爱国诗人屈原。屈原是一位忠诚和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他给国家带来了和平和繁荣。 但后因为受到诽谤（vilify）而终投河自 尽。人们撑船到他自尽的地方，抛下粽子， 希望鱼儿吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身躯。几 千年来，端午节的特色在于吃粽子 （glutinous dumplings）和赛龙舟，尤其是 在一些河湖密布的南方省份。
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