2014年英语四级考试每日一练(9月30日)
导读:
在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
仔细阅读
1. 回答56-37题：
Global warming may or may not be the great enviromental crisis of the 21st century, but---regardless ofwhether it is or isn't--we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make somefairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem,the less likely they are to be observed.
AI Gore calls giobal warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to asolution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and--without majortechnological
breakthroughs--we can't do much about it.
From 2003 to 2050, the world's population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase.If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. But that's too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy.
We need economic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else'sliving standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.
No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricityusage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they're "doingsomething." Consider the Kyoto Protocol( 《京都议定书》). It allowed countries that joined to punish those thatdidn't. But it hasn't reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn'tadopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.
The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology.Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuelsor dealing with it.
The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem, we're helpless.
What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?
A．It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.
B．It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.
C．Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.
D．Very little will be done to bring it under control.
2. 回答37-61题：
A．academic
B．access
C．accompany
D．clearly
E．comprehension
F．context
G．enables
H．encountered
I．enhances
J．entertaining
K．exposes
L．independenfly
M．specific
N．stick
O．survival
36.___________
3. 根据下列材料，请回答61-46题：
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to video games and apps, what's a parent to do? On the one hand, we're told about the harm of letting kids play with computer games and gadgets (小器具). On the other, we're attracted by games and apps marketedtd us as "educational".
It's a tricky line to follow. Kids' apps range from "baking" cupcakes to crushing war demons (恶魔)Most of them have some educational aspect--at the very least kids learn what ingredients are used in cupcake baking, and the physics of launching Angry Birds at just the right angle to kill the piggies. That's learning, isn't it?
There lie the vague boundaries. Not all games are educational, and not all are shallow forms of entertainment. In fact, most have some elements of both. The trick is to figure out what we want kids to learn and to experience. To collect them all into one category is to miss out on a huge treasure trove (宝库)of learning opportunities. Real learnh apps have a set of criteria that qualifies them as educational, sorather than writing them all off as a waste of time, parents can figure out what their kids are exposed to."We don't ever want to separate engagement from the purposes of learning," said Daniel Edelson, Executive Director and Vice President of Educa on and Children's Programs at the National Geographic Society at a cyber-learning conference last week. "When you're engaged with activities that have learning goals, you can connect the dots between engagement and learning. If you use engagement in its broadest possible sense when people are paying attention because of bright lights and activity, then you don't find that connection. "
So should parents feel guilty allowing their kids to play games on mobile devices?
"No," says Dr. Michael Levine of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center, which recently released a study called Learning : Is There an App For That. "Kids see their parents using mobile phones all the time. It's only natural for them to want to use them too. And from the data in our study it looks like, many parents are letting their children use them responsibly--with restrictions and in moderation. "
What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．Parents feel confused when choosing video games and apps for children.
B．Parents should prevent children from playing video games and apps.
C．Parents are told about the harm of different computer games and gadgets.
D．Parents are suggested to expose children to educational gantes and apps.
4. 根据以下内容，回答46-57题。
Is the Internet Making Us Forgetful?
A. A tourist takes a picture of the Empire State Building on his iPhone, deletesit, then takes another one from a different angle. But what happened to that first image? The delete button on our cameras, phones, and computers is a function we use often without thinking, yet it remains a fantastic concept.
Most things in the world don't just disappear. Not our thrown away plastic water bottles. Not the keys to the apartment. Not our earliest childhood memories.
B. "It is possible that every memory you have ever experienced that made its way into your long-term memory is still buried somewhere in your head," Michael S. Malone writes in his new book The Guardian of All Things: The Epic Story of Human Memory. It is both a blessing and a curse that we cannot voluntarily erase our memories. Like it or not, we are stuck with our experiences. It's just one of the many ways that human beings differ from digital cameras.
C. Yet, humans are relying more and more on digital cameras and less on our own minds. Malone tells the story of how, over time, humans have externalized (外化) their internal memories, departing themselves from the experiences they own. The book is a history in time order--from the development of paper, libraries, cameras, to microchips—about how we place increasing trust in technology.
D. Is it a good thing for electronic devices and the Internet to store our memories for us? When we allow that to happen, who do we become? Will our brains atrophy (萎缩) ff we chose not to exercise them? Malone, who is a Silicon Valley reporter, shows us the technological progress, but backs away from deeper philosophical questions. His love for breaking news--the very idea of breakthrough--isapparent, but he fails to address the more distressing implications.
E. The biology of human memory is largely mysterious. It is one of the remaining brain functions whoselocation neuroscientists can't place, Memory nerve cells are distributed all over the brain, hidden in itsgray wTinkles like money behind couch cushions. "What a plunge," opens Virginia Woolfs Mrs.Dalloway, as Clarissa tosses open her French windows and is transported into her remembered past."Live in the moment" is a directive we often hear these days in yoga class, but our ability to weave inund out of the past is what makes life interesting and also difficult for humans.
F. The Neanderthal (穴居人的 ) brain was powerful, but lacking a high-capaciW memory, "forevertrapped in the/low," according to Malone. The stories, images, and phrases that we turn over in ore'minds while lying awake in bed were different for them. Neanderthals could receive the stimuli of theworld--colors, sounds, smells--but had limited ways to organize or access that information. Even theterm Homo sapienns (晚期智人) reveals how our brains work differently from our ancestors.Translated from the Latin, it means knowing man. Not only do we know, but we know that we know.Our self-consciousness, that ability not only to make memories but to recall them, is what defines us.
G. Short-term memories are created by the compound of certain proteins in a cell and long-term memoriesare created by released magnesium (镁). Each memory is then inserted like handprints in concrete. This is what we know about the physical process of memory making. Why a person might rememberthe meal they ate before their parents announced a divorce, but not the announcement itself, remainsa scientific mystery.
H.The appearance of language is linked to memory, and many early languages were simply devices that aid memory. They served as a method for sharing memories, an early form of fact-checking that also expands the lifetime of a memory. The Library of Alexandria is an example of a population's desire tocatalog a common memory and situate it safely outside their own short-lived bodies.
I. The ancient Rondos even had a discipline called Ars Memorativa, or the art of memory. They honored extraordinary acts of memorization, just as they honored extraordinary feats in battle, and Cicero excelled at this. Memorization was an art that could be polished using patterns, imaginary structures and landscapes. Without training, the human brain can hold only about seven items in short-term memory.
J.The invention of computer memory changes everything. We now have "Moore's Law", the notion that memory chips will double in performance every 18 months. Memory plug base. continues to decrease in size while our memories accumulate daily. Because of growing access to the Internet, Malone argues that individualized memory matters less and less. Schoolchildren today take open-book tests or with acalculator. "What matters now is not one's ownership of knowledge, but one's skill at accessing it and analyzing it," he writes. However, something is lost. We have unlimited access to a wealth of information, yet little of it belongs to us.
K. Human beings have a notion of self, a subjective world particular to us, thanks to our high lycomplicated and individualized brains that Malone compares to "the roots and branches of a tree". We own our own hardware, and we all remember differently. The Internet offers us access to information, but it is really a part of the external world of colors and sounds that even Neanderthals could receive. A world in which all our memories are stored on electronic devices and all our answers can be foundby Googling is a world closer to the Neanderthars than to a high-tech, idealized future. I don't remember when I first learned the word deja vu but I do remember the shirt I wore on the firt day of9th grade. Memory is a tool, but it can also teach us about what we think is important. Human memory is a way for us to learn about ourselves.
Compared with Neanderthals and Homo sapiens, human beings have the particular .feature of being able to make memories and recall them.
5. Questions{TSE} are based on the following passage．
As you are probably aware，the latest job markets news isn’t good：Unemployment is still more than 9 percent，and new job growth has fallen close to zer0．That’s bad for the economy,of course．And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now．But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think．
That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover data．After all，existing jobs open up every day due to promotions，resignations，terminations，and retirements．(Yes，people are retiring even in this economy．)In both good times and bad，turnover creates more openings than economic growth does．Even in June of 2007，when the economy was still humming along，job growth was only l32，000，while turnover was 4．7 million!
And as it turns out，even today-with job growth near zero-over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month．
I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job．
It’s true that if total employment were higher,it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from(and compete for)．And it's true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening，regardless of whether it’s a new one or not．
But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated．They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills；be creative about where and how to look；learn how to present themselves to potential employers；and keep going，even after repeated rejections，The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2．7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed．
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up．Four million people get hired every month in the U．S．You can be one of them．
The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate_____________．
A．deprives many people of job opportunities
B．prevents many people from changing careers
C．should not stop people from looking for a job
D．does not mean the U．S．economy is worsening
汉译英
6. 公元220年开始的300年里，中国分成了三个小王国。一个是魏国，位于中国北部，由曹氏家族(the Ts’ao family)统治。还有一个王国叫作蜀汉(Shu Han)，位于中国的西南部，由刘备统治。另外一个王国叫作吴国，位于中国的东南部，由孙权(Sun Ch·ua)统治。中国文化里伟大的书籍之——《三国演义》(the Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms)就是关于这段时间的。
7. Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with abrief description of the picture and then express your views on food safety problems. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.
1. 回答56-37题：
Global warming may or may not be the great enviromental crisis of the 21st century, but---regardless ofwhether it is or isn't--we won't do much about it. We will argue over it and may even, as a nation, make somefairly solemn-sounding commitments to avoid it. But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem,the less likely they are to be observed.
AI Gore calls giobal warming an "inconvenient truth," as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to asolution. But the real truth is that we don't know enough to relieve global warming, and--without majortechnological
breakthroughs--we can't do much about it.
From 2003 to 2050, the world's population is projected to grow from 6.4 billion to 9.1 billion, a 42% increase.If energy use per person and technology remain the same, total energy use and greenhouse gas emissions(mainly CO2) will be 42% higher in 2050. But that's too low, because societies that grow richer use more energy.
We need economic growth unless we condemn the world's poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else'sliving standards. With modest growth, energy use and greenhouse emissions more than double by 2050.
No government will adopt rigid restrictions on economic growth and personal freedom (limits on electricityusage, driving and travel) that might cut back global warming. Still, politicians want to show they're "doingsomething." Consider the Kyoto Protocol( 《京都议定书》). It allowed countries that joined to punish those thatdidn't. But it hasn't reduced CO2 emissions (up about 25% since 1990), and many signatories (签字国) didn'tadopt tough enough policies to hit their 2008-2012 targets.
The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster, the only solution is new technology.Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on fossil fuelsor dealing with it.
The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it's really an engineering one. The inconvenient truth is that if we don't solve the engineering problem, we're helpless.
What is said about global warming in the first paragraph?
A．It may not prove an environmental crisis at all.
B．It is an issue requiring worldwide commitments.
C．Serious steps have been taken to avoid or stop it.
D．Very little will be done to bring it under control.
2. 回答37-61题：
A．academic
B．access
C．accompany
D．clearly
E．comprehension
F．context
G．enables
H．encountered
I．enhances
J．entertaining
K．exposes
L．independenfly
M．specific
N．stick
O．survival
36.___________
3. 根据下列材料，请回答61-46题：
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
When it comes to video games and apps, what's a parent to do? On the one hand, we're told about the harm of letting kids play with computer games and gadgets (小器具). On the other, we're attracted by games and apps marketedtd us as "educational".
It's a tricky line to follow. Kids' apps range from "baking" cupcakes to crushing war demons (恶魔)Most of them have some educational aspect--at the very least kids learn what ingredients are used in cupcake baking, and the physics of launching Angry Birds at just the right angle to kill the piggies. That's learning, isn't it?
There lie the vague boundaries. Not all games are educational, and not all are shallow forms of entertainment. In fact, most have some elements of both. The trick is to figure out what we want kids to learn and to experience. To collect them all into one category is to miss out on a huge treasure trove (宝库)of learning opportunities. Real learnh apps have a set of criteria that qualifies them as educational, sorather than writing them all off as a waste of time, parents can figure out what their kids are exposed to."We don't ever want to separate engagement from the purposes of learning," said Daniel Edelson, Executive Director and Vice President of Educa on and Children's Programs at the National Geographic Society at a cyber-learning conference last week. "When you're engaged with activities that have learning goals, you can connect the dots between engagement and learning. If you use engagement in its broadest possible sense when people are paying attention because of bright lights and activity, then you don't find that connection. "
So should parents feel guilty allowing their kids to play games on mobile devices?
"No," says Dr. Michael Levine of the Joan Ganz Cooney Center, which recently released a study called Learning : Is There an App For That. "Kids see their parents using mobile phones all the time. It's only natural for them to want to use them too. And from the data in our study it looks like, many parents are letting their children use them responsibly--with restrictions and in moderation. "
What can be inferred from the first paragraph?
A．Parents feel confused when choosing video games and apps for children.
B．Parents should prevent children from playing video games and apps.
C．Parents are told about the harm of different computer games and gadgets.
D．Parents are suggested to expose children to educational gantes and apps.
4. 根据以下内容，回答46-57题。
Is the Internet Making Us Forgetful?
A. A tourist takes a picture of the Empire State Building on his iPhone, deletesit, then takes another one from a different angle. But what happened to that first image? The delete button on our cameras, phones, and computers is a function we use often without thinking, yet it remains a fantastic concept.
Most things in the world don't just disappear. Not our thrown away plastic water bottles. Not the keys to the apartment. Not our earliest childhood memories.
B. "It is possible that every memory you have ever experienced that made its way into your long-term memory is still buried somewhere in your head," Michael S. Malone writes in his new book The Guardian of All Things: The Epic Story of Human Memory. It is both a blessing and a curse that we cannot voluntarily erase our memories. Like it or not, we are stuck with our experiences. It's just one of the many ways that human beings differ from digital cameras.
C. Yet, humans are relying more and more on digital cameras and less on our own minds. Malone tells the story of how, over time, humans have externalized (外化) their internal memories, departing themselves from the experiences they own. The book is a history in time order--from the development of paper, libraries, cameras, to microchips—about how we place increasing trust in technology.
D. Is it a good thing for electronic devices and the Internet to store our memories for us? When we allow that to happen, who do we become? Will our brains atrophy (萎缩) ff we chose not to exercise them? Malone, who is a Silicon Valley reporter, shows us the technological progress, but backs away from deeper philosophical questions. His love for breaking news--the very idea of breakthrough--isapparent, but he fails to address the more distressing implications.
E. The biology of human memory is largely mysterious. It is one of the remaining brain functions whoselocation neuroscientists can't place, Memory nerve cells are distributed all over the brain, hidden in itsgray wTinkles like money behind couch cushions. "What a plunge," opens Virginia Woolfs Mrs.Dalloway, as Clarissa tosses open her French windows and is transported into her remembered past."Live in the moment" is a directive we often hear these days in yoga class, but our ability to weave inund out of the past is what makes life interesting and also difficult for humans.
F. The Neanderthal (穴居人的 ) brain was powerful, but lacking a high-capaciW memory, "forevertrapped in the/low," according to Malone. The stories, images, and phrases that we turn over in ore'minds while lying awake in bed were different for them. Neanderthals could receive the stimuli of theworld--colors, sounds, smells--but had limited ways to organize or access that information. Even theterm Homo sapienns (晚期智人) reveals how our brains work differently from our ancestors.Translated from the Latin, it means knowing man. Not only do we know, but we know that we know.Our self-consciousness, that ability not only to make memories but to recall them, is what defines us.
G. Short-term memories are created by the compound of certain proteins in a cell and long-term memoriesare created by released magnesium (镁). Each memory is then inserted like handprints in concrete. This is what we know about the physical process of memory making. Why a person might rememberthe meal they ate before their parents announced a divorce, but not the announcement itself, remainsa scientific mystery.
H.The appearance of language is linked to memory, and many early languages were simply devices that aid memory. They served as a method for sharing memories, an early form of fact-checking that also expands the lifetime of a memory. The Library of Alexandria is an example of a population's desire tocatalog a common memory and situate it safely outside their own short-lived bodies.
I. The ancient Rondos even had a discipline called Ars Memorativa, or the art of memory. They honored extraordinary acts of memorization, just as they honored extraordinary feats in battle, and Cicero excelled at this. Memorization was an art that could be polished using patterns, imaginary structures and landscapes. Without training, the human brain can hold only about seven items in short-term memory.
J.The invention of computer memory changes everything. We now have "Moore's Law", the notion that memory chips will double in performance every 18 months. Memory plug base. continues to decrease in size while our memories accumulate daily. Because of growing access to the Internet, Malone argues that individualized memory matters less and less. Schoolchildren today take open-book tests or with acalculator. "What matters now is not one's ownership of knowledge, but one's skill at accessing it and analyzing it," he writes. However, something is lost. We have unlimited access to a wealth of information, yet little of it belongs to us.
K. Human beings have a notion of self, a subjective world particular to us, thanks to our high lycomplicated and individualized brains that Malone compares to "the roots and branches of a tree". We own our own hardware, and we all remember differently. The Internet offers us access to information, but it is really a part of the external world of colors and sounds that even Neanderthals could receive. A world in which all our memories are stored on electronic devices and all our answers can be foundby Googling is a world closer to the Neanderthars than to a high-tech, idealized future. I don't remember when I first learned the word deja vu but I do remember the shirt I wore on the firt day of9th grade. Memory is a tool, but it can also teach us about what we think is important. Human memory is a way for us to learn about ourselves.
Compared with Neanderthals and Homo sapiens, human beings have the particular .feature of being able to make memories and recall them.
5. Questions{TSE} are based on the following passage．
As you are probably aware，the latest job markets news isn’t good：Unemployment is still more than 9 percent，and new job growth has fallen close to zer0．That’s bad for the economy,of course．And it may be especially discouraging if you happen to be looking for a job or hoping to change careers right now．But it actually shouldn’t matter to you nearly as much as you think．
That’s because job growth numbers don’t matter to job hunters as much as job turnover data．After all，existing jobs open up every day due to promotions，resignations，terminations，and retirements．(Yes，people are retiring even in this economy．)In both good times and bad，turnover creates more openings than economic growth does．Even in June of 2007，when the economy was still humming along，job growth was only l32，000，while turnover was 4．7 million!
And as it turns out，even today-with job growth near zero-over 4 million job hunters are being hired every month．
I don’t mean to imply that overall job growth doesn’t have an impact on one’s ability to land a job．
It’s true that if total employment were higher,it would mean more jobs for all of us to choose from(and compete for)．And it's true that there are currently more people applying for each available job opening，regardless of whether it’s a new one or not．
But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who don’t is their ability to stay motivated．They’re willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills；be creative about where and how to look；learn how to present themselves to potential employers；and keep going，even after repeated rejections，The Bureau of Labor Statistics data shows that 2．7 million people who wanted and were available for work hadn’t looked within the last four weeks and were no longer even classified as unemployed．
So don’t let the headlines fool you into giving up．Four million people get hired every month in the U．S．You can be one of them．
The author tends to believe that high unemployment rate_____________．
A．deprives many people of job opportunities
B．prevents many people from changing careers
C．should not stop people from looking for a job
D．does not mean the U．S．economy is worsening
汉译英
6. 公元220年开始的300年里，中国分成了三个小王国。一个是魏国，位于中国北部，由曹氏家族(the Ts’ao family)统治。还有一个王国叫作蜀汉(Shu Han)，位于中国的西南部，由刘备统治。另外一个王国叫作吴国，位于中国的东南部，由孙权(Sun Ch·ua)统治。中国文化里伟大的书籍之——《三国演义》(the Romance ofthe Three Kingdoms)就是关于这段时间的。
7. Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with abrief description of the picture and then express your views on food safety problems. You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Welcome to Our Club.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:
1. 表达你的欢迎
2. 对你们的俱乐部做一个简要介绍。
9.
Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?
1.现在年轻人流行在网上看电子书籍
2.有人认为电子书籍会取代传统书籍
3.你的看法
10. 
相关推荐
