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2009年12月大学英语四级考试真题�答案(word版)

  全文精译
  一项新的研究表明,父�都工作的家庭,父亲�能比�亲对于孩�语言的�展有更大的影�力。
  研究者们从�一个幼儿护�中心招募了��二个家庭,他们的孩�都�到一�,并且�一询问了他们的收入��教育状况�孩�的照顾情况。总之,它们都是�过良好教育的中产阶级家庭,父��亲都和孩��在一起。
  当孩�两�时,研究人员将他们与父��方在家自由玩�的情景录制下�,并记录他们所有的谈�。该研究将�表在《应用�展心�学�志》第�一期。
  科学家们测�了父�亲�语总的数��使用���汇的数��他们的语�的��程度以�他们语言的其他方�。通常,父亲比�亲说的少,但是在�语的长度和问问题的多少方�,他们没有差别。
  �,当孩�们三�时,研究人员对孩�进行了标准化的语言测试,并对他们的语言进行了分�。测试中,预测高分的指标包括�亲�教育的程度�养育孩�的质�和父亲使用���汇的数�。
  令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而��亲的语言对孩�有影�。
  该研究的主è¦�作者那达亚•潘克索å�‘说:“大家都公认æ¯�亲的语言的确有影å“�力。â€�也å�¯èƒ½å› ä¸ºåœ¨ç ”究中能力强的æ¯�亲已ç»�对孩å­�的语言å�‘展产生了很大的影å“�。她å�ˆè®²åˆ°ï¼Œâ€œæˆ–者å�¯èƒ½æ¯�亲起作用的方å¼�在研究中我们没有测é‡�。â€�
  Section B
  Passage One
  篇章结构
  本文是一篇议论文,选自《新闻周刊》2008å¹´11月刊,题目为MICHELLE OBAMA IS A BLACK SKINNED BEAUTY!。全文共五段。段作者介ç»�作为黑人女性,她更关注米歇尔•奥巴马,因为作为准夫人,米歇尔代表的正是人们平时æž�少接触的é�žæ´²è£”女性美国公民。第二至四段介ç»�过去人们对黑人女性带有æˆ�è§�的看法,因此米歇尔将代表所有黑人女性æ�¥æ”¹å�˜ä¸–人对她们的看法。å�Žä¸€æ®µä»‹ç»�米歇尔作为夫人,美国黑人对她的期望,以å�Šå¥¹èº«ä¸Šæ‰€å…·æœ‰çš„ã€�黑人女性应该学习的å“�质。
  核心�汇
  9. candidate n. 候选人,申请求�者
  �文中实例】Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. 在这个�久而紧张的选举中,�个候选人都�为了众人的焦点,人们关注�他们如何�改�整个美国。
  �实例拓展】He is running as a candidate for Liberal party。他作为民主党候选人�选。
  �举一�三】�义�applicant,seeker,nominee n. 申请者,候选人
  10. fascinate v. 使�迷,使�感兴趣
  ã€�文中实例】I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, ….我更期待米歇尔•奥巴马,ä¸�止期待ç�€å¥¹èƒ½å¤Ÿä¸ºè¿™ä¸ªå›½å®¶å�šäº›ä»€ä¹ˆï¼Œâ€¦â€¦ã€‚
  �实例拓展】Her beauty fascinated every boy. 她的美貌使所有的男孩�都�了迷。
  �举一�三】派生� fascinated a. �迷的;fascinating a. 令人�迷的;fascination n. 魅力
  11. prevailing a. 普�的,盛行的,�行的考试大论�
  �文中实例】The prevailing theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. 时下�行的看法是大多黑人女性都是脾气暴�的�身妈妈,�引��男人。
  �实例拓展】a prevailing set of cultural values 一套盛行的文化价值观
  �举一�三】派生�prevail (over) v. 胜过,压倒,�优势
  12. stereotype n. 陈规,固定的看法
  �文中实例】Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can’t escape the stereotype of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic (酗酒的) mothers. 在人们的想象中,黑人女性给人留下的刻��象往往是:�人歧视,性交过度,通常被未婚的酒鬼�妈养大。
  �实例拓展】It’s wrong to stereotype people, as if they were all alike. 把人们看作都是一样的,这是错误的。
  �举一�三】派生�stereotype v. 使模�化 stereotyped a. 固定化的,�一套的
  13. commit v. 承诺,使�约�
  �文中实例】Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, …在有机会作为夫人去�就一番事业,去�慈善或办基金会之�,……。
  �实例拓展】He has committed himself to support them. 他答应负担他们的生活。
  �举一�三】派生�committed a. �定的,忠诚的;commitment n. 承诺,诺言
  6. feature n. 特写,专题报�
  �文中实例】Because few mainstream publications have done in-depth features on regular African-American women,…. 因为主�的媒体们都未曾深入地报�过普通�洲裔美国女性,……。
  �实例拓展】a frontpage feature on coal mining 头版上关于采煤的特写
  �举一�三】�义扩展feature n. 特�,容貌;v. 以……为特�,特写
  难�解�
  1. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget.
  �解�】when引导时间状语从�,其�是主�,该主�中的familiar with the state government是形容�短语作定语,修饰leader;而�末a major source of the university’s budget 是��语�说明the state government。
  �译文】例如,科罗拉多大学董事会在�选新校长时,他们想�用一个与州政府熟悉的领导人,因为州政府是学校的主�资金��。
  2. In 2003,when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “ a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.�
  �解�】�首的when 从�是��制性定语从�,补充说明2003。��的主�是the university…stressed that…,其中that引出宾语从�。宾语从�中的主�为she had overseen a major strengthening。
  ã€�译文】2003年,剑桥大学任命å‰�耶é²�大学教务长艾莉森•ç�†æŸ¥å¾·ä¸ºå‰¯æ ¡é•¿ã€‚学校公开强调艾莉森之å‰�的工作确ä¿�了“耶é²�大学财政状况良好â€�。
  3. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body.
  �解�】本�的主干简�易懂,是The globalization of education means…。但其�的宾语从�的结构��,该从�的主干是more universities will be seeking heads,heads 之�的with international experience of some kind 是介�短语�定语。�末的to promote international programs and attract a global student body是目的状语。��:考试大
  �译文】教育全�化�味�更多的大学将��用那些具有国际�验的校长,以促进国际间项目的�作,招收留学生。
  试题详解
  62. What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage? 62. 文章中讨论的目�高等教育的趋势是什么?
  A) Institutions worldwide are hiring administrators from the U.S. A) 世界范围的高校正在从美国�请管�人员。
  B) A lot of political activists are being recruited as administrators. B) 大�政治活动家被�为管�人员。
  C) American universities are enrolling more international students. C) 美国大学扩招留学生.
  D) University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising D) 大学校长更加注�筹措资金。
  �快速解题】事实细节题。根�题干中the current trend in higher education,定�答案在第二段�两�。
  �正确项分�】根�这两��Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel tend to head in only one direction: outward from America. 如今,高等教育已�为�具竞争力的商业行为,并且日�国际化。但是人�的�动并�是世界性的。高层的管�人员往往�自一个地方:美国。选项A��与之相近,故选择A。
  �干扰项分�】根�第三段末“筹措资金的能力在很大程度上���验,也是美国校长必须具备的能力�,D项表述与原文�符。B�C项文中�未��。
  63. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators? 62.在�请高层管�人员时,美国大学主�考虑的问题是什么?
  A) The political correctness. A) 政治方�的准确性。
  B) Their ability to raise funds. B) 筹措资金的能力。
  C) Their fame in academic circles. C) 学术界的声誉。
  D) Their administrative experience. D) 管��验。
  �快速解题】语义�解题。根�题干中the chief consideration,定�答案在第三段第三段。
  �正确项分�】在第三段The board ultimately picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist who is likely to excel at the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising。选项B中的raise funds表示“筹款�。答案为B选项。
  64. What do we learn about European universities from the passage? 64. 从文章中�以了解关于欧洲大学的哪些信�?
  A) The tuitions they charge have been rising considerably. A) 学费迅速上涨。
  B) Their operation is under strict government supervision. B) 学校�转�到政府严格监�。
  C) They are strengthening their position by globalization. C) 他们通过全�化强化自己的�置。
  D) Most of their revenues come from the government. D) 大部分资金��于政府。
  �快速解题】语义�解题。根�题干European universities,答案�定�在第四段�二�。
  �正确项分�】根�第四段�二�Many European universities are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student number。�很多欧洲大学�然��政府投入。而政府的投入�没能跟上�断扩大的学生规模。因此�知学校的大部分资金��于政府,故选择D选项。
  �干扰项分�】B项是强干扰项,根�第四段�二��知很多欧洲大学�然��政府投入,但�没有��学校�转�到政府的严格监�。A�C项文中�未��。
  65. Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor chiefly because _______? 65. 牛津大学为什么任命艾莉森•ç�†æŸ¥å¾·ä¸ºå‰¯æ ¡é•¿?
  A) She was known to be good at raising money. A) 她在筹措资金方�有���:www.examda.com
  B) She could help strengthen its ties with Yale. B) 她�以加强与耶�大学的�系
  C) She knew how to attract students overseas C) 她知�如何�引海外学生。
  D) she had boosted Yale’s academic status. D) 她��了耶�大学的学术地�
  �快速解题】事实细节题。根�题干中的Alison Richard as its vice-chancellor,答案�定�在第五段第二�。
  �正确项分�】根�the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “ a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.�,学校公开强调艾莉森之�的工作确�了“耶�大学财政状况良好�。由此�知她有很强的筹措资金的能力,故选A选项。
  66. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development? 66. 外国的高层领导从哪些方�促进了学校的�展?
  A) They can enhance the university’s image. A) 他们�以��学校的形象
  B) They will bring with them more international faculty. B) 他们�以带�更多国际化人�
  C) They will view a lot of things from a new perspective. C) 他们将从新的角度审视问题。
  D) They can set up new academic disciplines. D) 他们能创立新的学科
  �快速解题】语义�解题。根�题干top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development答案定�在末段末�。
  �正确项分�】该�Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on established practices,告诉读者外国人能够给学校业已�立的体系带�新的活力。此�与C选项的��相近,故选C选项。

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