2015年英语四级考试每日一练(1月23日)
导读:
在线测试本批《每日一练》试题，可查看答案及解析，并保留做题记录 >> 在线做题
单项选择题
1、听音频：
回答题：
A．She has already seen the film.
B．The film is very good.
C．She is interested in seeing the film.
D．Most of her classmates think the film is good.
2、听音频：
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．It is a place where is full ofpeople．
B．It is the name of the travel agency．
C．It is an interesting place that people cail visit．
D．It is a place where people can discover interesting things．
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US，the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday．These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples，as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging．
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February．(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”，(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules．
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive，”says Gerry Stimson，a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems．“It is clear that the FDA process，(42)__________the EU，follows the science，but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years，during which the products and the market will develop．”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes，which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco，only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out．
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down，because unlike other nicotine replacement products，they closely(45)__________cigarettes，both in appearance and use．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．popular
B．restrictions
C．potential
D．importance
E．despite
F．provoke
G．announced
H．like
I．resemble
J．proponents
K．maintain
L．pragmatic
M．claim
N．reduced
O．unlike
根据以上内容，回答题。
第36题应填__________.
4、根据材料，回答题：
Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?
A) "Making teens start school in the morning is 'cruel' ," brain doctor claims. So declared a British newspaper headline in 2007 after a talk I gave at an academic conference. One disbelieving reader responded: " This man sounds brain-dead. "
B) That was a typical reaction to work I was reporting at the time on teenage sleep patterns and their effect on performance at school. Six years on there is growing acceptance that the structure of the academic day needs to take account of adolescent sleep patterns. The latest school to adopt a later start time is the UCL Academy in London; others are considering following suit.
C) So what are the facts about teenage sleep, and how should society adjust to these needs? The biology of human sleep timing, like that of other mammals, changes as we age. This has been shown in many studies. As adolescence begins, bedtimes and waking times get later. This trend continues until 19.5 years in women and 21 in men. Then it reverses. At 55 we wake at about the time we woke prior to adolescence. On average this is two hours earlier than adolescents. This means that for a teenager, a 7 a.m. alarm call is the equivalent of a 5 a.m. start for a person in their 50s.
D) Precisely why this is so is unclear but the shifts related with changes in hormones (荷尔蒙) at adolescence and the decline in those hormones as we age. However, biology is only part of the problem. Additional factors include a more relaxed attitude to bedtimes by parents, a general disregard for the importance of sleep, and access to TVs, DVDs, PCs, gaming devices, cell phones and so on, all of which promote alertness and eat into time available for sleep.
E) The amoount of sleep teenagers get varies between countries, geographic region and social class, but all studies show they are going to bed later and not getting as much sleep as they need because of early school starts.
F) Mary Carskadon at Brown University in Providence. Rhode Island, who is a pioneer in the area of adolescent sleep, has shown that teenagers need about 9 hours a night to maintain full alertness and academic perforruance. My own recent observations at a UK school in Liverpool suggested many were getting just 5 hours on a school night. Unsurprisingly. teachers reported students dozing in class.
G) Evidence that sleep is important is overwhelming. Elegant research has demonstrated its critical role in memory improvement and our ability to generate wise sohitions to complex problems. Sleep disruption may increase the level of the stress. Excited behaviors, lack of empathy, sense of humor and mood are similarly affected. All in all, a tired adolescent is a moody, insensitive, angry and stressed one. Perhaps less obviously, sleep loss is associated with metabolic (新陈代谢的) changes. Long-term lack of sleep might be an important factor for negative conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病), overweight and high blood pressure.
H) Adolescents are increasingly using stimulants to compensate for sleep loss, and caf, feinated (含咖啡咽的) and/or sugary drinks are the usual choice. So a caffeinated drink late in the day delays sleep at night. Tiredness also increases the likelihood of taking up smoking.
I) In the US, the observation that teenagers have biologically delayed sleep patterns compared to adults prompted several schools to put back the start of the school day. An analysis of the impact by Kyla Wahlstrom at the University of Minnesota found that academic performance was enhanced, as was attendance. Sleeping in class declined, as did self-reported depression. In the UK, Monkseaton High School near Newcastle instituted a 10 am start in 2009 and saw a progress in academic perfomance. J) However, a later start by itself is not enough. Society in general, and teenagers in particular, must start to take sleep seriously. Sleep is not a luxury but a ftmdamental biological need, enhancing creativity, productivity, mood and the ability to interact with others.
K) ff you are dependent upon an alarm clock, or parent, to get you out of bed ; if you take a long time to wake up; if you feel sleepy and impatient during the day; ff your behavior is overly impulsive, it means you are probably not getting enough sleep. Take control. Ensure the bedroom is a place that promotes sleep-dark and not too warm-don't text, use a computer or watch TV for at least half an hour before trying to sleep avoid avoid bright lights. Try not to nap during the day, and seek out natural light in the morning to adjust the body clock and sleep patterns to an earlier time. Avoid caffeinated drinks after lunch.
L) It is my strongly held View, based upon the evidence, that the efforts of dedicated (专注的，投入的) teachers and the money spent on school facilities will have a greater impact and education will be more rewarding when, collectively, teenagers, parents, teachers and school governors start to take sleep seriously. In the universal language of school reports: we must do better.
In the US and UK, several schools that have delayed the start of the school day witnessed a progress in academic performance.
5、Questions are based on the following passage．
belleve．
Federal support of homeovcnership greatly overvalues its meaning in American life．Through tax breaks and guarantees.the government__39__homeownership to its peak in 2004，when 69 percent of American households owned homes．Subsidies for homeownership，__40__ the mortgage(抵押)interest deduction，reached$230 billion in 2009，according to the Congressional Budget Office．Meanwhile．only$60 billion in tax breaks and spending programs __41__ renters．
The result of this real estate spending craze?According to the Federal Reserve，American real estate lost more than$6 tril]ion in__42__，or almost 30 percent．between 2006 and 2010．One in five American homeoumers is underwater. owing more on a mortgage than what the home is__43__．
Those who profit most from homeownemhip are definitely the largest source of political campaign __44__．Insurance companies．securities and investment firms，real estate interests．and commercial banks gave more than$100 million to federal candidates and parties in 2011．according to the Center for Responsive Politics．
Homeownership is more impollanl to__45__ interests than it is to most Americans，who，according to the research，care more about“a good job”,“the pursuit of happiness”and“freedom”．
A．mded
B．attributed
C．benefit
D．boosted
E．contributions
F．difference
G．expected
H．fmancially
I．including
J．political
K．rapidly
L．special
M．surveyed
N．value
O．worth
36_________
填空题
6、 __________
7、 __________
简答题
8、作文题一：印象深的活动
AA campus activity that has benefited most.
9、大熊猫是世界上珍贵的动物之一，主要栖息在中国的四川、甘肃和陕西的山区。数量十分稀少，被称为中国的“国宝”。大熊猫是一种哺乳动物，毛色黑白相间，体型肥胖。竹子是大熊猫爱吃的食物，约占食物总量的99％。由于大熊猫对生活环境要求苛刻，食物种类单一，且生育率十分低下。现存大熊猫只有1000只左右。中国政府现已采取多项措施来保护这一濒危动物(endangered spec i es)。
10、1．目前，各高校均对大一新生进行军训
2．有人赞成，有人反对
3．我的观点
Is It Necessary to Continue Military Training for Freshmen?
1、听音频：
点击播放
回答题：
A．She has already seen the film.
B．The film is very good.
C．She is interested in seeing the film.
D．Most of her classmates think the film is good.
2、听音频：
点击播放
根据听到的内容，回答题。
A．It is a place where is full ofpeople．
B．It is the name of the travel agency．
C．It is an interesting place that people cail visit．
D．It is a place where people can discover interesting things．
3、Electronic cigarettes will face new(36)__________in the US，the US Food and Drug Administration(37)__________yesterday．These will include curbs on sales to minors and distribution of free samples，as well as provisions forcing manufacturers to place health warnings on packaging．
The long-awaited proposals—which also demand that the manufacturers should disclose all the ingredients in details and make claims of(38)__________risk only if scientifically validated--are less stringent(严厉的)than the Europe legislations voted on in February．(39)__________the proposed restrictions doing nothing to control advertising or curbing the sale off lavored products with names such as“Very Berrylicious”，(40)__________of e-cigarettes claim that they are more(41)__________and scientific than the EU rules．
“This is much less onerous than the European Tobacco Products directive，”says Gerry Stimson，a UKconsultant who supports“least harm"’solutions to health problems．“It is clear that the FDA process，(42)__________the EU，follows the science，but this is just a first step and the regulatory process could take years，during which the products and the market will develop．”
The proposals will likely(43)__________further debate for and against e-cigarettes，which call resemble real cigarettes but contain no tobacco，only a vaporized form of pure nicotine that users breathe in and out．
Backers of e-cigarettes say they have great(44)__________to help hardened smokers quit or cut down，because unlike other nicotine replacement products，they closely(45)__________cigarettes，both in appearance and use．
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A．popular
B．restrictions
C．potential
D．importance
E．despite
F．provoke
G．announced
H．like
I．resemble
J．proponents
K．maintain
L．pragmatic
M．claim
N．reduced
O．unlike
根据以上内容，回答题。
第36题应填__________.
4、根据材料，回答题：
Why Teenagers Really Do Need an Extra Hour in Bed?
A) "Making teens start school in the morning is 'cruel' ," brain doctor claims. So declared a British newspaper headline in 2007 after a talk I gave at an academic conference. One disbelieving reader responded: " This man sounds brain-dead. "
B) That was a typical reaction to work I was reporting at the time on teenage sleep patterns and their effect on performance at school. Six years on there is growing acceptance that the structure of the academic day needs to take account of adolescent sleep patterns. The latest school to adopt a later start time is the UCL Academy in London; others are considering following suit.
C) So what are the facts about teenage sleep, and how should society adjust to these needs? The biology of human sleep timing, like that of other mammals, changes as we age. This has been shown in many studies. As adolescence begins, bedtimes and waking times get later. This trend continues until 19.5 years in women and 21 in men. Then it reverses. At 55 we wake at about the time we woke prior to adolescence. On average this is two hours earlier than adolescents. This means that for a teenager, a 7 a.m. alarm call is the equivalent of a 5 a.m. start for a person in their 50s.
D) Precisely why this is so is unclear but the shifts related with changes in hormones (荷尔蒙) at adolescence and the decline in those hormones as we age. However, biology is only part of the problem. Additional factors include a more relaxed attitude to bedtimes by parents, a general disregard for the importance of sleep, and access to TVs, DVDs, PCs, gaming devices, cell phones and so on, all of which promote alertness and eat into time available for sleep.
E) The amoount of sleep teenagers get varies between countries, geographic region and social class, but all studies show they are going to bed later and not getting as much sleep as they need because of early school starts.
F) Mary Carskadon at Brown University in Providence. Rhode Island, who is a pioneer in the area of adolescent sleep, has shown that teenagers need about 9 hours a night to maintain full alertness and academic perforruance. My own recent observations at a UK school in Liverpool suggested many were getting just 5 hours on a school night. Unsurprisingly. teachers reported students dozing in class.
G) Evidence that sleep is important is overwhelming. Elegant research has demonstrated its critical role in memory improvement and our ability to generate wise sohitions to complex problems. Sleep disruption may increase the level of the stress. Excited behaviors, lack of empathy, sense of humor and mood are similarly affected. All in all, a tired adolescent is a moody, insensitive, angry and stressed one. Perhaps less obviously, sleep loss is associated with metabolic (新陈代谢的) changes. Long-term lack of sleep might be an important factor for negative conditions such as diabetes (糖尿病), overweight and high blood pressure.
H) Adolescents are increasingly using stimulants to compensate for sleep loss, and caf, feinated (含咖啡咽的) and/or sugary drinks are the usual choice. So a caffeinated drink late in the day delays sleep at night. Tiredness also increases the likelihood of taking up smoking.
I) In the US, the observation that teenagers have biologically delayed sleep patterns compared to adults prompted several schools to put back the start of the school day. An analysis of the impact by Kyla Wahlstrom at the University of Minnesota found that academic performance was enhanced, as was attendance. Sleeping in class declined, as did self-reported depression. In the UK, Monkseaton High School near Newcastle instituted a 10 am start in 2009 and saw a progress in academic perfomance. J) However, a later start by itself is not enough. Society in general, and teenagers in particular, must start to take sleep seriously. Sleep is not a luxury but a ftmdamental biological need, enhancing creativity, productivity, mood and the ability to interact with others.
K) ff you are dependent upon an alarm clock, or parent, to get you out of bed ; if you take a long time to wake up; if you feel sleepy and impatient during the day; ff your behavior is overly impulsive, it means you are probably not getting enough sleep. Take control. Ensure the bedroom is a place that promotes sleep-dark and not too warm-don't text, use a computer or watch TV for at least half an hour before trying to sleep avoid avoid bright lights. Try not to nap during the day, and seek out natural light in the morning to adjust the body clock and sleep patterns to an earlier time. Avoid caffeinated drinks after lunch.
L) It is my strongly held View, based upon the evidence, that the efforts of dedicated (专注的，投入的) teachers and the money spent on school facilities will have a greater impact and education will be more rewarding when, collectively, teenagers, parents, teachers and school governors start to take sleep seriously. In the universal language of school reports: we must do better.
In the US and UK, several schools that have delayed the start of the school day witnessed a progress in academic performance.
5、Questions are based on the following passage．
belleve．
Federal support of homeovcnership greatly overvalues its meaning in American life．Through tax breaks and guarantees.the government__39__homeownership to its peak in 2004，when 69 percent of American households owned homes．Subsidies for homeownership，__40__ the mortgage(抵押)interest deduction，reached$230 billion in 2009，according to the Congressional Budget Office．Meanwhile．only$60 billion in tax breaks and spending programs __41__ renters．
The result of this real estate spending craze?According to the Federal Reserve，American real estate lost more than$6 tril]ion in__42__，or almost 30 percent．between 2006 and 2010．One in five American homeoumers is underwater. owing more on a mortgage than what the home is__43__．
Those who profit most from homeownemhip are definitely the largest source of political campaign __44__．Insurance companies．securities and investment firms，real estate interests．and commercial banks gave more than$100 million to federal candidates and parties in 2011．according to the Center for Responsive Politics．
Homeownership is more impollanl to__45__ interests than it is to most Americans，who，according to the research，care more about“a good job”,“the pursuit of happiness”and“freedom”．
A．mded
B．attributed
C．benefit
D．boosted
E．contributions
F．difference
G．expected
H．fmancially
I．including
J．political
K．rapidly
L．special
M．surveyed
N．value
O．worth
36_________
填空题
6、 __________
7、 __________
简答题
8、作文题一：印象深的活动
AA campus activity that has benefited most.
9、大熊猫是世界上珍贵的动物之一，主要栖息在中国的四川、甘肃和陕西的山区。数量十分稀少，被称为中国的“国宝”。大熊猫是一种哺乳动物，毛色黑白相间，体型肥胖。竹子是大熊猫爱吃的食物，约占食物总量的99％。由于大熊猫对生活环境要求苛刻，食物种类单一，且生育率十分低下。现存大熊猫只有1000只左右。中国政府现已采取多项措施来保护这一濒危动物(endangered spec i es)。
10、1．目前，各高校均对大一新生进行军训
2．有人赞成，有人反对
3．我的观点
Is It Necessary to Continue Military Training for Freshmen?
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