历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2007-2008)
  2008.12
  Passage One
  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
  If you’re a male and you’re reading this, congratulations: you’re a survivor. According to statistics, you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, than nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman.
  There’re many reasons for this – typically, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke – but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.
  “Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should,� says Dr. Gullotta. “This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike.�
  Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over45, it should be at least once a year.
  Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.
  “When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer,� he says. “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged (延长) his life.�
  According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.
  “A lot of men think they’re invincible (��战胜的),� Gullotta says. “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez, if it could happen to him, …’�
  Then there’s the ostrich approach. “Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,� says Dr, Ross Cartmill.
  “Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,� Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.
  Regular check-ups for men would inevitable place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says. “But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost far greater; it’s called premature death.�
  注æ„�:æ¤éƒ¨åˆ†è¯•题请在ç”题å�¡2上作ç”。
  57. Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?
  A) They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.
  B) Their average life span has been considerably extended.
  C) They have lived long enough to read this article.
  D) They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.
  58. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?
  A) Men drink and smoke much more than women.
  B) Men don’t seek medical care as often as women
  C) Men aren’t as cautious as women in face of danger.
  D) Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.
  59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him, …� (Line2, Para. 8)?
  A) it could happen to me, too
  B) I should avoid playing golf
  C) I should consider myself lucky
  D) it would be a big misfortune
  60. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach� (Line 1, Para. 9)
  A) A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.
  B) A new therapy for certain psychological problems.
  C) Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.
  D) Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.
  61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?
  A) They may increase public expenses.
  B) They will save money in the long run.
  C) They may cause psychological strains on men.
  D) They will enable men to live as long as women.
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« çš„ä¸»è¦�内容是男性寿命çŸäºŽå¥³æ€§çš„æˆ�å› ï¼Œä½œè€…åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ��出了自己的新颖观点——男性看医生的次数少于女性,并对æ¤è¿›æ�¥äº†è®ºè¿°ã€‚
  æ��料以耸人å�¬é—»çš„说法开篇(you’re a survivor),立å�³å�¸å¼•了读者(尤其是男性读者)的注æ„�力,éš�å�ŽæŒ‡å‡ºç”·æ€§ä¸�论是患病æ»äº¡ï¼ˆmore than twice as likely to die)还是寿终æ£å¯�(on average five years before a woman),其寿命都è¦�çŸäºŽå¥³æ€§ã€‚
  下一段探究了这ç§�çŽ°è±¡çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œé¦–å…ˆç»™å‡ºå‡ ä¸ªä¼—æ‰€å‘¨çŸ¥çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œå¦‚ç”·æ€§å�¸çƒŸå–�é…’(more likely to drink and smoke),而å�Žæ��å‡ºäº†è‡ªå·±çš„ç‹¬ç‰¹è§‚ç‚¹ï¼šç”·æ€§å¯¿å‘½çŸæ˜¯å› 为他们ä¸�看医生(men don’t go to the doctor)。
  男性如何ä¸�爱求医?这是å�Žé�¢5个å°�段的内容。男性(尤其是四å��å²�以上的男性)看医生的次数少于æ£å¸¸æ¬¡æ•°ï¼ŒæŒ‰æ£å¸¸æƒ…况,一ä½�å�¥åº·ç”·æ€§åº”该没一两年看一次医生,而45å²�以上者应该æ¯�年至少一次。作者给出了一个50å²�男性的例å�,他在咳嗽症状å�‘生å�Žä¸€å¹´æ‰�去看医生,结果导致癌症扩散而早亡。
  æ¤5å°�段之å�Žï¼Œä½œè€…探讨了男性ä¸�爱看医生的心ç�†åŽŸå› ã€‚å¾ˆå¤šç”·æ€§è®¤ä¸ºè‡ªå·±ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœï¼ˆå�³ä¸�会得病),å�Œæ—¶é‡‡å�–了一ç§�鸵鸟ç–略,å�³å®³æ€•知é�“病情而ä¸�敢看病。å�Žä¸€æ®µä»Žçœ‹ç—…æˆ�本上分æž�定期体检的好处,指出从长远æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œé¢„防(体检)的花费è¦�低于得病å�Žæ²»ç–—的花费。
  57. C
  题目问作者为什么在开头æ�喜他的男性读者。
  首先看æ�喜的内容:you’re a survivor,æ„�æ€�æ˜¯ä½ æ˜¯ä¸€ä½�幸å˜è€…。“幸å˜è€…â€�的潜å�°è¯�就是本æ�¥â€œæˆ‘â€�å�¯èƒ½å·²ç»�æ»äº†ï¼Œä½†å› 为æŸ�äº›åŽŸå› æ‰�幸è¿�地活到现在。作者在å�Žé�¢ç”¨æ•°æ�®è§£é‡Šäº†å¦‚æ¤æ�å–œçš„åŽŸå› ï¼šâ€œæˆ‘â€�患皮肤癌和艾滋病而æ»äº¡çš„å‡ çŽ‡è¿œè¿œå¤§äºŽå¥³æ€§ï¼›å�³ä¾¿æ˜¯æ²¡æœ‰æ‚£è¿™äº›é‡�病,男性寿终æ£å¯�的平å�‡å¹´é¾„也比女性少五年。如æ¤è§£é‡Šä¹‹å�Žï¼Œâ€œæˆ‘â€�确实足够幸è¿�ï¼Œå°šæœªå› ç™Œç—‡å’Œè‰¾æ»‹ç—…è€Œæ»ï¼Œè¿˜æœ‰æœºä¼šè¯»åˆ°äº†è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« 。当然这å�ªæ˜¯ä½œè€…çš„å¤¸å¼ è¯´æ³•è€Œå·²ã€‚
  A,现在他们患é‡�ç—…è€Œå˜æ´»çš„å‡ çŽ‡æ›´é«˜ã€‚è¿™ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹è€ƒæŸ¥å¯¹ç¬¬äºŒè¡Œã€�第三行有关皮肤癌和艾滋病的å�¥å�çš„ç�†è§£ã€‚æ–‡ç« è¯´ç”·æ€§æ»äºŽçš®è‚¤ç™Œå’Œè‰¾æ»‹ç—…çš„å‡ çŽ‡è¿œå¤§äºŽå¥³æ€§ï¼Œå’ŒA的说法æ£å¥½ç›¸å��。
  B,他们的平å�‡å¯¿å‘½å¤§å¤§åœ°å»¶é•¿äº†ã€‚è¿™å�¥è¯�里出现了average,显然是考查段å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�。You’ll die on average five years before a woman, è¿™å�¥è¯�大æ„�是男性平å�‡å¯¿å‘½æ¯”女性çŸï¼Œå’ŒBè¯´æ³•æ— å…³ã€‚
  Cï¼Œä»–ä»¬èƒ½è¯»åˆ°è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žå·²ç»�足够长寿。符å�ˆå‰�é�¢çš„分æž�。
  D,他们一定会享å�—更长寿ã€�å¿«ä¹�的生活。这å�¥è¯�å±žäºŽæ— ä¸ç”Ÿæœ‰ï¼Œå�³ä¾¿ä»Žå…¨æ–‡è§’度讲,男性按照作者建议注é‡�医疗ä¿�å�¥ï¼Œä»Žè€ŒèŽ·å¾—å»¶é•¿ç”Ÿå‘½ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿä¸�代表生命就是happier。
  四个选项ä¸C的说法为ç�†æƒ³ã€‚
  58.B
  题目问作者认为男性平å�‡å¯¿å‘½æ¯”女性çŸ5å¹´çš„é‡�è¦�åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A, 男性抽烟�酒远多于女性。
  B, 男性��女性�常寻求医疗救治。
  C, 男性在�对�险时�如女性谨慎�心。
  D, 男性更�能患致命疾病。
  题目的关键信æ�¯æ˜¯reasonå’Œmost important,第二段æ��到了reason一è¯�,而这里讲的也确实是题目所è¦�æ±‚çš„åŽŸå› ã€‚åŽŸå› æœ‰ä¸‰ç‚¹ï¼Œä¸€æ˜¯å�±é™©ï¼ˆrisks),一是抽烟å–�酒,一是ä¸�看医生(don’t go to doctor)。其ä¸åœ¨å¼•出第三点时,作者称之为more importantly,也就是比å‰�å‡ ç‚¹é‡�è¦�。鉴于文ä¸å·²æ‰¾ä¸�å‡ºå…¶ä»–åŽŸå› ï¼Œåˆ™æ›´ä¸ºé‡�è¦�也就是é‡�è¦�ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆåº”该是“ä¸�看医生â€�。B的说法与æ¤ä¸€è‡´ã€‚
  59.A
  题目问下列哪å�¥è¯�填入文ä¸if it could happen to him之å�Žä¸ºå�ˆé€‚。
  A, 那也�能�生在我的身上。
  B, 我�能打高尔夫�了。
  C, 我应该觉得自己幸�。
  D, 那真是太�幸了。
  这是一é�“å�¥å�ç�†è§£é¢˜ï¼Œå¿…须结å�ˆå‰�å�Žå�¥çš„逻辑关系进行判æ–。
ã€€ã€€æ¤æ®µä¹‹å‰�çš„å‡ æ®µå†…å®¹çš„æ ¸å¿ƒæ€�想是男性看医生的次数大大少于女性。本段开头说到很多男性认为自己是ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœçš„(invincible),这å�¥è¯�照应上文的内容,应该是男性ä¸�æ„¿çœ‹åŒ»ç”Ÿçš„åŽŸå› æ‰€åœ¨ã€‚ä¸‹ä¸€å�¥è¯´åˆ°ç”·æ€§ä»…仅得知一个朋å�‹æ»åœ¨é«˜å°”夫ç�ƒåœºä¸Šæ‰�开始有所醒悟,这一å�¥ä¸çš„only表示与上一å�¥åœ¨å�¥æ„�上的转折关系,也就是男性认为自己ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœï¼Œâ€œä½†æ˜¯â€�当å�¬è¯´æœ‹å�‹çŒ�æ»æ—¶ï¼Œä»–们æ‰�å¼€å§‹æœ‰æ‰€é¢†æ‚Ÿã€‚è¿™æ ·çš„è¯�ï¼Œä»–ä»¬æ¤æ—¶æ‰€æƒ³çš„一定是对自身状况的担心,å�¦åˆ™å°±ä¸�能体现出转折å�«ä¹‰ã€‚四个选项ä¸A为å�ˆé€‚ï¼Œå…¶ä»–å‡ é¡¹éƒ½æ²¡æœ‰è¡¨è¾¾å¯¹è‡ªå·±çš„æ‹…å¿§ã€‚
  60.D
  题目问Cartmill所说的the ostrich approach是什么��。
  A, 对�康状况的���度。
  B, �些心�问题的新的治疗方法。
  C, å› å®³æ€•ç—›è‹¦è€Œæ‹’ç»�接å�—医治。
  D, å› å®³æ€•è€Œä¸�愿去å�‘现自己的疾病。
ã€€ã€€é¦–å…ˆçœ‹è¿™å‡ ä¸ªå�•è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�,ostrich是鸵鸟,approach是方法,å�ˆèµ·æ�¥å°±æ˜¯é¸µé¸Ÿçš„æ–¹æ³•。鸵鸟的方法到底是什么需è¦�结å�ˆæ–‡ç« 环境æ�¥ç�†è§£ã€‚
  æ£å¦‚ä¸Šä¸€é¢˜ä¸æ‰€è°ˆåˆ°çš„,男人们会对朋å�‹çš„çŒ�æ»æ„Ÿåˆ°å�ƒæƒŠï¼Œè¿›è€Œå¯¹è‡ªå·±çš„å�¥åº·äº§ç”Ÿå¿§è™‘。接下æ�¥æ–‡ç« 讲到男人们开始使用鸵鸟的方法,具体的方法如Cartmill所说:有些男人害怕å�¯èƒ½æœ‰çš„东西(what might be there),å®�æ„¿ä¸�知é�“(would rather not know)。这里å�¯èƒ½æœ‰çš„东西当然是指疾病,å®�æ„¿ä¸�知é�“çš„åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ˜¯å› ä¸ºå®³æ€•ï¼ˆscared of)。这里的逻辑顺åº�æ˜¯è¿™æ ·çš„ï¼šç”·äººå®³æ€•ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä¸�想了解疾病。害怕疾病å�´ä¸�想了解疾病,这似乎有点说ä¸�过去。但这就是鸵鸟方å¼�的特点。平时我们å�¯èƒ½å�¬è¯´è¿‡ï¼Œé¸µé¸Ÿé�‡åˆ°å�±é™©æ—¶ä¼šæŠŠå¤´æ�’到沙å�里,以ä¸�æ£è§†å�±é™©æ�¥é€ƒé�¿å�±é™©ï¼Œè¿™å°±æ˜¯é¸µé¸Ÿæ–¹å¼�çš„æ�¥ç”±ã€‚男性对待疾病的方å¼�与æ¤ç±»ä¼¼ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¢«ç§°ä¸ºä½¿ç”¨äº†é¸µé¸Ÿçš„æ–¹æ³•。这里有两个关键点,一是害怕(å�¯æŽ’除Aã€�B),二是ä¸�愿去æ£è§†ï¼ˆæŽ’除C)。
  61.B
  题目问关于男性定期体检Cartmill是如何说的。
  å�Žä¸€é¢˜ä¸€èˆ¬è€ƒæŸ¥å�Žä¸€æ®µçš„内容,这一é�“也ä¸�ä¾‹å¤–ã€‚æ–‡ç« å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸»è¦�论述了男性定期体检的问题,æ��到了Cartmillçš„ä¸‰ç‚¹çœ‹æ³•ã€‚ï¼Œå®šæœŸä½“æ£€æ¯«æ— ç–‘é—®ä¼šç»™å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºå¸¦æ�¥åŽ‹åŠ›ï¼ˆå�Žä¸€æ®µçš„å�¥è¯�ï¼‰ã€‚ç¬¬äºŒï¼Œé¢„é˜²ç–¾ç—…æ¯”æ²»ç–—ç–¾ç—…æ›´åŠ ä¾¿å®œã€‚ç¬¬ä¸‰ï¼Œç»ˆçš„ä»£ä»·è¦�远为昂贵,那就是英年早é€�(å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�)。把å�„个选项与这三点进行对比就å�¯é€‰å‡ºæ£ç¡®ç”案。
  A, 体检å�¯èƒ½ä¼šå¢žåŠ å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºã€‚æ–‡ä¸ç¡®å®žæœ‰ç›¸å…³æ��述,原文为inevitable place strain on the public purse,æ„�为给公共钱包(æ„�å�³å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºï¼‰å¢žåŠ åŽ‹åŠ›ã€‚ä½“æ£€ä¼šå¢žåŠ å›½å®¶çš„æ”¯å‡ºï¼Œè¿™ä¸€ç‚¹æˆ‘ä»¬ä¼¼ä¹Žç�†è§£ä¸Šæœ‰ä¸€äº›å›°éš¾ï¼Œé—®é¢˜å�¯èƒ½åœ¨äºŽï¼Œåœ¨ä½œè€…所在的国家实行了类似全民公费医疗的政ç–,体检费由国家买å�•ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å¢žåŠ ç”·æ€§å®šæœŸä½“æ£€é¡¹ç›®å°±ä¼šå¢žåŠ å›½åº“æ”¯å‡ºã€‚
  B, 从长远看,体检会节约支出。Cartmill的第二点看法所说的“预防â€�具体化为行动也就是定期体检,所以B的说法æ£ç¡®ã€‚相较而言,Aå› ä¸ºæ²¡æœ‰æŒ‡æ˜Žæ˜¯é•¿æœŸè¿˜æ˜¯çŸæœŸï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å‡†ç¡®åº¦è¾ƒB差些,还是应该选择B为æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  C, 体检å�¯èƒ½ä¼šå¼•起男性的心ç�†ç´§å¼ 。这里出现了strain,是考查对第二点的ç�†è§£ï¼Œä½†è¯´æ³•错误。
  D, 体检å�¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”·æ€§å’Œå¥³æ€§ä¸€æ ·é•¿å¯¿ã€‚这个说法勉强å�¯ä»¥ç®—æ˜¯å¯¹ç¬¬ä¸‰ç‚¹çœ‹æ³•çš„è€ƒæŸ¥ï¼Œå› ä¸ºç¬¬ä¸‰ç‚¹é‡Œå‡ºçŽ°äº†death,与寿命有关;而å‰�é�¢çš„prematureå�ˆæ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªéš¾è¯�ï¼Œå®¹æ˜“é€ æˆ�ç�†è§£å›°éš¾ã€‚
  
  Passage One
  Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
  If you’re a male and you’re reading this, congratulations: you’re a survivor. According to statistics, you’re more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer than a woman, than nine times more likely to die of AIDS. Assuming you make it to the end of your natural term, about 78 years for men in Australia, you’ll die on average five years before a woman.
  There’re many reasons for this – typically, men take more risks than women and are more likely to drink and smoke – but perhaps more importantly, men don’t go to the doctor.
  “Men aren’t seeing doctors as often as they should,� says Dr. Gullotta. “This is particularly so for the over-40s, when diseases tend to strike.�
  Gullotta says a healthy man should visit the doctor every year or two. For those over45, it should be at least once a year.
  Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.
  “When I finally saw him it had already spread and he has since died from lung cancer,� he says. “Earlier detection and treatment may not have cured him, but it would have prolonged (延长) his life.�
  According to a recent survey, 95%of women aged between 15and early 40s see a doctor once a year, compared to 70% of men in the same age group.
  “A lot of men think they’re invincible (��战胜的),� Gullotta says. “They only come in when a friend drops dead on the golf course and they think, ‘Geez, if it could happen to him, …’�
  Then there’s the ostrich approach. “Some men are scared of what might be there and would rather not know,� says Dr, Ross Cartmill.
  “Most men get their cars serviced more regularly than they service their bodies,� Cartmill says. He believes most diseases that commonly affect men could be addressed by preventive check-ups.
  Regular check-ups for men would inevitable place strain on the public purse, Cartmill says. “But prevention is cheaper in the long run than having to treat the diseases. Besides, the ultimate cost far greater; it’s called premature death.�
  注æ„�:æ¤éƒ¨åˆ†è¯•题请在ç”题å�¡2上作ç”。
  57. Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?
  A) They are more likely to survive serious diseases today.
  B) Their average life span has been considerably extended.
  C) They have lived long enough to read this article.
  D) They are sure to enjoy a longer and happier life.
  58. What does the author state is the most important reason men die five years earlier on average than women?
  A) Men drink and smoke much more than women.
  B) Men don’t seek medical care as often as women
  C) Men aren’t as cautious as women in face of danger.
  D) Men are more likely to suffer from fatal diseases.
  59. Which of the following best completes the sentence “Geez, if it could happen to him, …� (Line2, Para. 8)?
  A) it could happen to me, too
  B) I should avoid playing golf
  C) I should consider myself lucky
  D) it would be a big misfortune
  60. What does Dr. Ross Cartmill mean by “the ostrich approach� (Line 1, Para. 9)
  A) A casual attitude towards one’s health conditions.
  B) A new therapy for certain psychological problems.
  C) Refusal to get medical treatment for fear of the pain involved.
  D) Unwillingness to find out about one’s disease because of fear.
  61. What does Cartmill say about regular check-ups for men?
  A) They may increase public expenses.
  B) They will save money in the long run.
  C) They may cause psychological strains on men.
  D) They will enable men to live as long as women.
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« çš„ä¸»è¦�内容是男性寿命çŸäºŽå¥³æ€§çš„æˆ�å› ï¼Œä½œè€…åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ��出了自己的新颖观点——男性看医生的次数少于女性,并对æ¤è¿›æ�¥äº†è®ºè¿°ã€‚
  æ��料以耸人å�¬é—»çš„说法开篇(you’re a survivor),立å�³å�¸å¼•了读者(尤其是男性读者)的注æ„�力,éš�å�ŽæŒ‡å‡ºç”·æ€§ä¸�论是患病æ»äº¡ï¼ˆmore than twice as likely to die)还是寿终æ£å¯�(on average five years before a woman),其寿命都è¦�çŸäºŽå¥³æ€§ã€‚
  下一段探究了这ç§�çŽ°è±¡çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œé¦–å…ˆç»™å‡ºå‡ ä¸ªä¼—æ‰€å‘¨çŸ¥çš„åŽŸå› ï¼Œå¦‚ç”·æ€§å�¸çƒŸå–�é…’(more likely to drink and smoke),而å�Žæ��å‡ºäº†è‡ªå·±çš„ç‹¬ç‰¹è§‚ç‚¹ï¼šç”·æ€§å¯¿å‘½çŸæ˜¯å› 为他们ä¸�看医生(men don’t go to the doctor)。
  男性如何ä¸�爱求医?这是å�Žé�¢5个å°�段的内容。男性(尤其是四å��å²�以上的男性)看医生的次数少于æ£å¸¸æ¬¡æ•°ï¼ŒæŒ‰æ£å¸¸æƒ…况,一ä½�å�¥åº·ç”·æ€§åº”该没一两年看一次医生,而45å²�以上者应该æ¯�年至少一次。作者给出了一个50å²�男性的例å�,他在咳嗽症状å�‘生å�Žä¸€å¹´æ‰�去看医生,结果导致癌症扩散而早亡。
  æ¤5å°�段之å�Žï¼Œä½œè€…探讨了男性ä¸�爱看医生的心ç�†åŽŸå› ã€‚å¾ˆå¤šç”·æ€§è®¤ä¸ºè‡ªå·±ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœï¼ˆå�³ä¸�会得病),å�Œæ—¶é‡‡å�–了一ç§�鸵鸟ç–略,å�³å®³æ€•知é�“病情而ä¸�敢看病。å�Žä¸€æ®µä»Žçœ‹ç—…æˆ�本上分æž�定期体检的好处,指出从长远æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œé¢„防(体检)的花费è¦�低于得病å�Žæ²»ç–—的花费。
  57. C
  题目问作者为什么在开头æ�喜他的男性读者。
  首先看æ�喜的内容:you’re a survivor,æ„�æ€�æ˜¯ä½ æ˜¯ä¸€ä½�幸å˜è€…。“幸å˜è€…â€�的潜å�°è¯�就是本æ�¥â€œæˆ‘â€�å�¯èƒ½å·²ç»�æ»äº†ï¼Œä½†å› 为æŸ�äº›åŽŸå› æ‰�幸è¿�地活到现在。作者在å�Žé�¢ç”¨æ•°æ�®è§£é‡Šäº†å¦‚æ¤æ�å–œçš„åŽŸå› ï¼šâ€œæˆ‘â€�患皮肤癌和艾滋病而æ»äº¡çš„å‡ çŽ‡è¿œè¿œå¤§äºŽå¥³æ€§ï¼›å�³ä¾¿æ˜¯æ²¡æœ‰æ‚£è¿™äº›é‡�病,男性寿终æ£å¯�的平å�‡å¹´é¾„也比女性少五年。如æ¤è§£é‡Šä¹‹å�Žï¼Œâ€œæˆ‘â€�确实足够幸è¿�ï¼Œå°šæœªå› ç™Œç—‡å’Œè‰¾æ»‹ç—…è€Œæ»ï¼Œè¿˜æœ‰æœºä¼šè¯»åˆ°äº†è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« 。当然这å�ªæ˜¯ä½œè€…çš„å¤¸å¼ è¯´æ³•è€Œå·²ã€‚
  A,现在他们患é‡�ç—…è€Œå˜æ´»çš„å‡ çŽ‡æ›´é«˜ã€‚è¿™ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹è€ƒæŸ¥å¯¹ç¬¬äºŒè¡Œã€�第三行有关皮肤癌和艾滋病的å�¥å�çš„ç�†è§£ã€‚æ–‡ç« è¯´ç”·æ€§æ»äºŽçš®è‚¤ç™Œå’Œè‰¾æ»‹ç—…çš„å‡ çŽ‡è¿œå¤§äºŽå¥³æ€§ï¼Œå’ŒA的说法æ£å¥½ç›¸å��。
  B,他们的平å�‡å¯¿å‘½å¤§å¤§åœ°å»¶é•¿äº†ã€‚è¿™å�¥è¯�里出现了average,显然是考查段å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�。You’ll die on average five years before a woman, è¿™å�¥è¯�大æ„�是男性平å�‡å¯¿å‘½æ¯”女性çŸï¼Œå’ŒBè¯´æ³•æ— å…³ã€‚
  Cï¼Œä»–ä»¬èƒ½è¯»åˆ°è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žå·²ç»�足够长寿。符å�ˆå‰�é�¢çš„分æž�。
  D,他们一定会享å�—更长寿ã€�å¿«ä¹�的生活。这å�¥è¯�å±žäºŽæ— ä¸ç”Ÿæœ‰ï¼Œå�³ä¾¿ä»Žå…¨æ–‡è§’度讲,男性按照作者建议注é‡�医疗ä¿�å�¥ï¼Œä»Žè€ŒèŽ·å¾—å»¶é•¿ç”Ÿå‘½ï¼Œä½†ä¹Ÿä¸�代表生命就是happier。
  四个选项ä¸C的说法为ç�†æƒ³ã€‚
  58.B
  题目问作者认为男性平å�‡å¯¿å‘½æ¯”女性çŸ5å¹´çš„é‡�è¦�åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A, 男性抽烟�酒远多于女性。
  B, 男性��女性�常寻求医疗救治。
  C, 男性在�对�险时�如女性谨慎�心。
  D, 男性更�能患致命疾病。
  题目的关键信æ�¯æ˜¯reasonå’Œmost important,第二段æ��到了reason一è¯�,而这里讲的也确实是题目所è¦�æ±‚çš„åŽŸå› ã€‚åŽŸå› æœ‰ä¸‰ç‚¹ï¼Œä¸€æ˜¯å�±é™©ï¼ˆrisks),一是抽烟å–�酒,一是ä¸�看医生(don’t go to doctor)。其ä¸åœ¨å¼•出第三点时,作者称之为more importantly,也就是比å‰�å‡ ç‚¹é‡�è¦�。鉴于文ä¸å·²æ‰¾ä¸�å‡ºå…¶ä»–åŽŸå› ï¼Œåˆ™æ›´ä¸ºé‡�è¦�也就是é‡�è¦�ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆåº”该是“ä¸�看医生â€�。B的说法与æ¤ä¸€è‡´ã€‚
  59.A
  题目问下列哪å�¥è¯�填入文ä¸if it could happen to him之å�Žä¸ºå�ˆé€‚。
  A, 那也�能�生在我的身上。
  B, 我�能打高尔夫�了。
  C, 我应该觉得自己幸�。
  D, 那真是太�幸了。
  这是一é�“å�¥å�ç�†è§£é¢˜ï¼Œå¿…须结å�ˆå‰�å�Žå�¥çš„逻辑关系进行判æ–。
ã€€ã€€æ¤æ®µä¹‹å‰�çš„å‡ æ®µå†…å®¹çš„æ ¸å¿ƒæ€�想是男性看医生的次数大大少于女性。本段开头说到很多男性认为自己是ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœçš„(invincible),这å�¥è¯�照应上文的内容,应该是男性ä¸�æ„¿çœ‹åŒ»ç”Ÿçš„åŽŸå› æ‰€åœ¨ã€‚ä¸‹ä¸€å�¥è¯´åˆ°ç”·æ€§ä»…仅得知一个朋å�‹æ»åœ¨é«˜å°”夫ç�ƒåœºä¸Šæ‰�开始有所醒悟,这一å�¥ä¸çš„only表示与上一å�¥åœ¨å�¥æ„�上的转折关系,也就是男性认为自己ä¸�å�¯æˆ˜èƒœï¼Œâ€œä½†æ˜¯â€�当å�¬è¯´æœ‹å�‹çŒ�æ»æ—¶ï¼Œä»–们æ‰�å¼€å§‹æœ‰æ‰€é¢†æ‚Ÿã€‚è¿™æ ·çš„è¯�ï¼Œä»–ä»¬æ¤æ—¶æ‰€æƒ³çš„一定是对自身状况的担心,å�¦åˆ™å°±ä¸�能体现出转折å�«ä¹‰ã€‚四个选项ä¸A为å�ˆé€‚ï¼Œå…¶ä»–å‡ é¡¹éƒ½æ²¡æœ‰è¡¨è¾¾å¯¹è‡ªå·±çš„æ‹…å¿§ã€‚
  60.D
  题目问Cartmill所说的the ostrich approach是什么��。
  A, 对�康状况的���度。
  B, �些心�问题的新的治疗方法。
  C, å› å®³æ€•ç—›è‹¦è€Œæ‹’ç»�接å�—医治。
  D, å› å®³æ€•è€Œä¸�愿去å�‘现自己的疾病。
ã€€ã€€é¦–å…ˆçœ‹è¿™å‡ ä¸ªå�•è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�,ostrich是鸵鸟,approach是方法,å�ˆèµ·æ�¥å°±æ˜¯é¸µé¸Ÿçš„æ–¹æ³•。鸵鸟的方法到底是什么需è¦�结å�ˆæ–‡ç« 环境æ�¥ç�†è§£ã€‚
  æ£å¦‚ä¸Šä¸€é¢˜ä¸æ‰€è°ˆåˆ°çš„,男人们会对朋å�‹çš„çŒ�æ»æ„Ÿåˆ°å�ƒæƒŠï¼Œè¿›è€Œå¯¹è‡ªå·±çš„å�¥åº·äº§ç”Ÿå¿§è™‘。接下æ�¥æ–‡ç« 讲到男人们开始使用鸵鸟的方法,具体的方法如Cartmill所说:有些男人害怕å�¯èƒ½æœ‰çš„东西(what might be there),å®�æ„¿ä¸�知é�“(would rather not know)。这里å�¯èƒ½æœ‰çš„东西当然是指疾病,å®�æ„¿ä¸�知é�“çš„åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ˜¯å› ä¸ºå®³æ€•ï¼ˆscared of)。这里的逻辑顺åº�æ˜¯è¿™æ ·çš„ï¼šç”·äººå®³æ€•ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ä¸�想了解疾病。害怕疾病å�´ä¸�想了解疾病,这似乎有点说ä¸�过去。但这就是鸵鸟方å¼�的特点。平时我们å�¯èƒ½å�¬è¯´è¿‡ï¼Œé¸µé¸Ÿé�‡åˆ°å�±é™©æ—¶ä¼šæŠŠå¤´æ�’到沙å�里,以ä¸�æ£è§†å�±é™©æ�¥é€ƒé�¿å�±é™©ï¼Œè¿™å°±æ˜¯é¸µé¸Ÿæ–¹å¼�çš„æ�¥ç”±ã€‚男性对待疾病的方å¼�与æ¤ç±»ä¼¼ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥è¢«ç§°ä¸ºä½¿ç”¨äº†é¸µé¸Ÿçš„æ–¹æ³•。这里有两个关键点,一是害怕(å�¯æŽ’除Aã€�B),二是ä¸�愿去æ£è§†ï¼ˆæŽ’除C)。
  61.B
  题目问关于男性定期体检Cartmill是如何说的。
  å�Žä¸€é¢˜ä¸€èˆ¬è€ƒæŸ¥å�Žä¸€æ®µçš„内容,这一é�“也ä¸�ä¾‹å¤–ã€‚æ–‡ç« å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸»è¦�论述了男性定期体检的问题,æ��到了Cartmillçš„ä¸‰ç‚¹çœ‹æ³•ã€‚ï¼Œå®šæœŸä½“æ£€æ¯«æ— ç–‘é—®ä¼šç»™å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºå¸¦æ�¥åŽ‹åŠ›ï¼ˆå�Žä¸€æ®µçš„å�¥è¯�ï¼‰ã€‚ç¬¬äºŒï¼Œé¢„é˜²ç–¾ç—…æ¯”æ²»ç–—ç–¾ç—…æ›´åŠ ä¾¿å®œã€‚ç¬¬ä¸‰ï¼Œç»ˆçš„ä»£ä»·è¦�远为昂贵,那就是英年早é€�(å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�)。把å�„个选项与这三点进行对比就å�¯é€‰å‡ºæ£ç¡®ç”案。
  A, 体检å�¯èƒ½ä¼šå¢žåŠ å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºã€‚æ–‡ä¸ç¡®å®žæœ‰ç›¸å…³æ��述,原文为inevitable place strain on the public purse,æ„�为给公共钱包(æ„�å�³å…¬å…±æ”¯å‡ºï¼‰å¢žåŠ åŽ‹åŠ›ã€‚ä½“æ£€ä¼šå¢žåŠ å›½å®¶çš„æ”¯å‡ºï¼Œè¿™ä¸€ç‚¹æˆ‘ä»¬ä¼¼ä¹Žç�†è§£ä¸Šæœ‰ä¸€äº›å›°éš¾ï¼Œé—®é¢˜å�¯èƒ½åœ¨äºŽï¼Œåœ¨ä½œè€…所在的国家实行了类似全民公费医疗的政ç–,体检费由国家买å�•ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å¢žåŠ ç”·æ€§å®šæœŸä½“æ£€é¡¹ç›®å°±ä¼šå¢žåŠ å›½åº“æ”¯å‡ºã€‚
  B, 从长远看,体检会节约支出。Cartmill的第二点看法所说的“预防â€�具体化为行动也就是定期体检,所以B的说法æ£ç¡®ã€‚相较而言,Aå› ä¸ºæ²¡æœ‰æŒ‡æ˜Žæ˜¯é•¿æœŸè¿˜æ˜¯çŸæœŸï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥å‡†ç¡®åº¦è¾ƒB差些,还是应该选择B为æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  C, 体检å�¯èƒ½ä¼šå¼•起男性的心ç�†ç´§å¼ 。这里出现了strain,是考查对第二点的ç�†è§£ï¼Œä½†è¯´æ³•错误。
  D, 体检å�¯ä»¥ä½¿ç”·æ€§å’Œå¥³æ€§ä¸€æ ·é•¿å¯¿ã€‚这个说法勉强å�¯ä»¥ç®—æ˜¯å¯¹ç¬¬ä¸‰ç‚¹çœ‹æ³•çš„è€ƒæŸ¥ï¼Œå› ä¸ºç¬¬ä¸‰ç‚¹é‡Œå‡ºçŽ°äº†death,与寿命有关;而å‰�é�¢çš„prematureå�ˆæ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªéš¾è¯�ï¼Œå®¹æ˜“é€ æˆ�ç�†è§£å›°éš¾ã€‚
  
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