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历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2002-2004)

  2002.1
  Passage one
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  Some pessimistic experts feel that the automobile is bound to fall into disuse. They see a day in the not-too-distant future when all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust. Other authorities, however, think the auto is here to stay. They hold that the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future.
  The motorcar will undoubtedly change significantly over the next 30 years. It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present types.
  Regardless of its power source, the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion (拥挤). One proposed solution to this problem is the automated highway system.
  When the auto enters the highway system, a retractable (�伸缩的) arm will drop from the auto and make contact with a rail, which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically. Once attached to the rail, the car will become electrically powered from the system, and control of the vehicle will pass to a central computer. The computer will then monitor all of the car’s movements.
  The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system. The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway. The driver will then be free to relax and wait for the buzzer (蜂鸣器) that will warn him of his coming exit. It is estimated that an automated highway will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway.
  21. One significant improvement in the future car will probably be ________.
  A) its power source
  B) its driving system
  C) its monitoring system
  D) its seating capacity(A)
  22. What is the author’s main concern?
  A) How to render automobiles pollution-free.
  B) How to make smaller and safer automobiles.
  C) How to solve the problem of traffic jams.
  D) How to develop an automated subway system.(C)
  23. What provides autos with electric power in an automated highway system?
  A) A rail.
  B) An engine.
  C) A retractable arm.
  D) A computer controller.(A)
  24. In an automated highway system, all the driver needs to do is ________.
  A) keep in the right lane
  B) wait to arrive at his destination
  C) keep in constant touch with the computer center
  D) inform the system of his destination by phone(D)
  25. What is the author’s attitude toward the future of autos?
  A) Enthusiastic.
  B) Pessimistic.
  C) Optimistic.
  D) Cautious.(C)
  这篇�料讲的是未�汽车的问题。段先是举出了两�截然相�的观点:“在�久的未�,汽车将会被人类废弃(all autos will be abandoned and allowed to rust)�,“在�预�的将�,汽车�然会是城市交通的主�方�(the car will remain a leading means of urban travel in the foreseeable future)�。这样本文讨论的侧�点也就呈现出�了——这里将�讨论的是汽车的“未��。
  下文接续段所�的第二个观点,说明未�被人类继续使用的汽车�能会�生的�化。未�的汽车会�得更�,更加安全,也更有�济性,�时�会使用汽油驱动(smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine),污染也会比现在的汽车�得多。
  以上算是未�汽车相较现在的优点,�过,未�的汽车也�然存在问题,那就是交通拥堵(still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion)。但作者马上�出了解决办法:自动公路系统(automated highway system)。�的两个大段对这一系统的工作原�进行了解释。
  汽车进入自动公路系统�,车身上会有一�伸缩臂与�轨连接,此时汽车的动力便由系统�供电力控制(解决了污染问题),而汽车的�控则转交给中心电脑,由电脑监控汽车所有的�行动作(第四段)。
  �机所��的是�是用电�输入指令,告诉系统所�到达的目的地。系统会计算路径,�时��行进路径的畅通。这时,�机就有时间放�了,因为快�到达目的地的时候系统会自动�出�示(第五段)。
  这一系统的效率如何呢?它在一个�时内的容�是10000辆汽车,而如今的公路�能容许1500-2000辆汽车通过(will be able to handle 10,000 vehicles per hour, compared with the 1,500 to 2,000 vehicles that can be carried by a present-day highway)。
  21. A
  题目问未�汽车的一项���展很�能是……
  A,动力��。
  B,驾驶系统。
  C,监控系统。
  D,�乘�人数。
  第二段对未�汽车的�能�展�了展望:It should become smaller, safer, and more economical, and should not be powered by the gasoline engine. The car of the future should be far more pollution-free than present type,这里�到了5��能的情况,包括大�(smaller),安全性(safer),�济性(more economical),动力��(not be powered by the gasoline engine),环�(more pollution-free)。四个选项中�有A与其中一�情况一致,本题选A。
  22. C
  题目问作者主�关心的问题是什么。
  A,如何实现汽车无污染。
  B,如何制造更�更安全的汽车。
  C,如何解决交通拥堵问题。
  D,如何�展一套自动地�系统。
  上一题考查了第二段,那么这一题应该考查第二段以�的内容了。第三段指出the auto in the future will still be the main problem in urban traffic congestion,�未�汽车�然会存在交通拥堵问题。此�的两段全部围绕如何解决交通问题展开,说明了一�新的公路系统如何�以解决这一问题。这样 的�,本题的答案应该是C。A和B在第二段中都�到了,但�是一笔带过,没有继续论述。D有一定迷惑性,�注�D说的是subway系统,而�是文章所� 力说明的highway系统。D这个选项应该是�于第四段which is similar to those powering subway trains electrically这�,但这里仅是把highway系统的一项装置(rail)和subway(地�)的装置进行对比而已(which指代��的 rail,is similar to是“与……相似�,power�动�讲,指为地�列车�供电力。全���就是“与那些在地�里为列车�供电力的rail一样�)。
  23. A
  题目问在自动公路系统中,是什么为汽车�供电力。
  A,一根�轨。
  B,一��动机。
  C,一支�伸缩的机械臂。
  D,一个电脑控制器。
  文章讲到自动公路系统的动力问题是在第四段。第四段一共三��,�讲的是汽车进入系统�,会从车身伸出一��伸缩的机械臂,�在一根�轨上。第二�讲 的是与�轨连接�,汽车就交由公路系统�供电力作为动力。第三�讲的是汽车的控制问题,讲的是汽车的�控完全交予电脑。从这三���以看出,机械臂是从汽 车车身伸出的,�会�供电力,仅起到一个连接�轨的作用。�轨通过机械臂为汽车�供电力,并开始以电力作为动力,与�动机无关了。电脑�起控制汽车的作 用,与动力无关。这样,本题应该选A。
  24. D
  题目问在自动公路系统中,�机所��的�有什么。
  A,��正确的行进路线。
  B,等待�到达终点。
  C,�时与电脑中心���系。
  D,用电�把行车目的地告知系统。
  文章的�一段讲到了�机在自动公路系统中应�哪些事情。首先是电�通知系统其行车目的地(The driver will use a telephone to dial instructions about his destination into the system),此�电脑会计算行车路线并为该车�留行车路段(The computer will calculate the best route, and reserve space for the car all the way to the correct exit from the highway)。��机所��的就是等待到达终点了。
  从这里�以看出,�机需��的事情是电�通知系统其行车目的地,D的说法与此相符。B的说法在文中虽然也�以找到,但等待本身�能算是实质的事情。如果�输入目的地,而�是等待的�,永远也到�了�去的地方。
  25. C
  题目问作者对汽车未�的�度是怎样的。
  A,热情的。
  B,悲观的。
  C,�观的。
  D,谨慎的。
  作者在开头首先介�了两�关于汽车未�的观点,一是汽车将会被人废弃,二是汽车�然会是城市交通的主�方�。此�,作者的论述一直以第二个观点为��展开。��作者首先是看好汽车在未�世界的地�的。作者的观点至少�是悲观的。
  第二段对未�汽车的�化进行了展望,作者认为汽车会��更��更安全�更环�等方��展。这一观点应该说是�观的。
  第三段指出了未�汽车�展的问题所在,但马上�出了解决方法,�两段具体�述了这一方法。虽有问题,但�以解决,这里体现的还是�观的�度。
  Enthusiastic是热情的�充满激情的��,所表达的情绪�常热烈,显然并�符�文章的基调。Cautious所体现的�度应该是�观方�与悲观方�等��观,�等�视,与文��样�符。综上,C为�适。

  编辑推�:
  2011年12月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总
  2011年6月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总

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