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2011年12月英语四级阅读长难�精讲精练

  46. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. (07.6 Passage 1)
   分� 主干:I have given them this: the visual...
  谓语动� give 带�宾语,them 和 this。 冒��的 the visual 是 this 的��语,对 this 予以详细说明。 visual 由介�短语 of...修饰,of 的宾语是动��短语 doing...曰该动� �短语的逻辑主语是 their physics professor。
  译文 相�,我给她们的是这么一幅画�:她们的物�学教授挺�大肚��物�试验。
  47. According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it. (06.12 Passage 1)
  分� 主干:some (of...) include placing..., listing..., and pouring...
  本��解的难点在于辨别三个并列的动��短语, 它们都是 include 的宾语。shameless tactics 指“厚颜无耻的促销手段�,visual sell 是“视觉销售�。 �末 if 引导的从 �是 ask 的宾语:甚至都�问就�者是�需�就给他们倒上瓶装水。
  译文 ��尔街日报上的一篇文章说,一些更无耻的销售策略包括把诱人的瓶�放在桌 �上作为视觉�点,把�牌�写在��上而�标明价格,或者连问都�问一声消费者就直接把瓶装水倒给顾客。
  48. A 12 year old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not. (06.1 Passage 2)
  分� 主干:A 12 year old might need to be shown that... but that...
  本�是 show sb. that...结构的被动语�,that 从��然充当宾语。 宾语是 but 并列 连接的两个 that 引导的从�,两个从�都用动��短语(raiding..., borrowing...)作主语。作者把孩�心急地打开饼干盒的动作称为 raiding(袭击),富有幽默感。
  译文 一个 12 �的孩��能需�人告诉他, �用得到许�就把饼干盒扫光是�以接� 的,但是,没有得到许�就借走父�的衣�是�能接�的。
  49. In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way. (05.6 Passage 1)
  分� 主干:players have been observed to...
  �定� to throw...在�中作主语 players 的补语曰这是 observe sb. do sth.结构的被 动语�,作宾语补足语的� to 的�定�在被动语�中�了主语补足语,�把 to 还原。动�� considering...作介� without 的宾语,介�短语 without considering...作 throw 的状语。
  译文 在比赛的白热化阶段,人们注�到�员从�场的这头狂奔到�场那头,根本就没 有考虑到他这样的动作会对阻挡他的其他�员产生什么样的�果。
  50. Because few mainstream publications have done in depth features on regular African American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. (09.12 Passage 1)
  分� 主干:little is known (about...)
  Because 引导原因状语从�。主�中的介� about 带有三个并列的宾语从�,宾语从�用了�级比较结构,分别由 who, what 和 what 引导。�中的 features 在媒体中指�专题介��特写报��。
  译文 个在����的通讯媒介中对比诚实度的研究�现,人们在电�谈�中说谎 的�能性是他们在电�邮件中说谎的�能性的两�。

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