2022年考研英语一真题及答案（完整版）

阅读理解B（41-45题）         

Directions:

In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45,  choose the most suitable one from the fist A-G to fit into each of the numbered  blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark  your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

（41）Teri ByrdI was a zoo and wildlife park employee for years. Both the  wildlife park and zoo claimed to be operating for the benefit of the animals and  for conservation purposes. This claim was false. Neither one of them actually  participated in any contributions whose bottom line is much more important than  the condition of the animals.

Animals despise being captives in zoos. No matter how you “enhance”  enclosures, they do not allow for freedom, a natural diet or adequate time for  transparency with these institutions, and it’s past time to eliminate zoos from  our culture.

(42) Karen R. Sime

As a zoology professor, I agree with Emma Marris that zoo displays can be sad  and cruel. But she underestimates the educational value of zoos.

The zoology program at my university attracts students for whom zoo visits  were the crucial formative experience that led them to major in biological  sciences. These are mostly students who had no opportunity as children to travel  to wilderness areas, wildlife refuges or national parks. Although good TV shows  can help stir children’s interest in conservation, they cannot replace the  excitement of a zoo visit as an intense, immersive and interactive experience.  Surely there must be some middle ground that balances zoos’ treatment of animals  with their educational potential.

(43) Greg Newberry

Emma Marris’s article is an insult and a disservice to the thousands of  passionate who work tirelessly to improve the lives of animals and protect our  planet. She uses outdated research and decades-old examples to undermine the  noble mission of organization committed to connecting children to a world beyond  their own.

Zoos are at the forefront of conservation and constantly evolving to improve how they care for animals and protect each species in its natural habitat. Are there tragedies? Of course. But they are the exception not the norm that Ms. Marris implies. A distressed animal in a zoo will get as good or bttter treatment than most of us at our local hospital.

(44) Dean Gallea

As a fellow environmentalist animal-protection advocate and 1ongtime vegetarian. I could properly be in the same camp as Emma Marris on the issue of zoos. But I believe that well-run zoos and the heroic animals that suffer their captivity so serve a higher purpose. Were it not for opportunities to observe these beautiful wild creatures close to home many more people would be driven by their fascination to travel to wild areas to seek out disturb and even hunt them down.

Zoos are in that sense similar to natural history and archeology museums serving to satisfy our need for contact with these living creatures while 1eaving the vast majority undisturbed in their natural environments.

(45) John Fraser

Emma Marris selectively describes and misrepresents the findings of our research. Our studies focused on the impact of z00 experiences on how people think about themselves and nature and the data points extracted from our studies.

Zoos are tools for thinking. Our research provides strong support for the value of zo0s in connecting people with animals and with nature. Zoos provide a critical voice for conservation and environmental protection. They afford an opportunity for people from all backgrounds to encounter a range of animals from drone bees to springbok or salmon to better understand the natural world we live in.

A Zoos which spare no effrt to take care of animals should not be subjected to unfair criticism.

B. To pressure zoos to spend 1ess on their animals would lead to inbumane outcomes for the precious creatures in their care.

C. While animals in captivity deserve sympathy, zo0s play a significant role in starting young people down the path of related sciences.

D. Zoos save people trips to wildemness areas and thus contribute to wildlife conservation.

E. For wild animals that cannot be returned to their natural habitats, zoos offer the best alternative.

F. Zoos should have been closed down as they prioritize money making over animals' wellbeing.

G. Marris distorts our findings which actually prove that zoos serve as an indispensable link between man and nature.

英译汉（46-50题）

46. It was also, and this is unknown even to many people well read about the  period, a battle between those who made codes and those who broke them.

47.It listed many documents in code that had been captured from the French  Army of Spain, and whose secrets had been revealed by the work of one George  Scovell, an officer in British headquarters.

48.He could not analyze carefully what this obscure officer may not have  contributed to that great struggle between nations or indeed tell us anything  much about the man himself.

49. There may have been many spies and intelligence officers during the  Napoleonic Wars, but it is usually extremely difficult to find the material they  actually provided or worked on.

50.Just as the code-breaking has its wider relevance in the struggle for  Spain, so his attempts to make his way up the promotion ladder speak volumes  about British society.