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历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2004-2006)

  Passage 4
  Two hours from the tall buildings of Manhattan and Philadelphia live some of the world’s largest black bears. They are in northern Pennsylvania’s Pocono Mountains, a home they share with an abundance of other wildlife.
  The streams, lakes, meadows (�地), mountain ridges and forests that make the Poconos an ideal place for black bears have also attracted more people to the region. Open spaces are threatened by plans for housing estates and important habitats (栖�地) are endangered by highway construction. To protect the Poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development, the Nature Conservancy (大自然�护�会) named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places�.
  Operating out of a century-old schoolhouse in the village of Long Pond, Pennsylvania, the conservancy’s bud Cook is working with local people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmental protection. By forging partnerships with people like Francis Altemose, the Conservancy has been able to protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land in the area.
  Altemose’s family has farmed in the Pocono area for generations. Two years ago Francis worked with the Conservancy to include his farm in a county farmland protection program. As a result, his family’s land can be protected from development and the Altemoses will be better able to provide a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson.
  Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having a local presence and a commitment to working with local residents
  “The key to protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community,� Cook said. “The people who live there respect the land. They value quiet forests, clear streams and abundant wildlife. They are eager to help with conservation effort.
  For more information on how you can help the Nature Conservancy protect the Poconos and the world’s other “Last Great Places,� please call 1-888-564 6864 or visit us on the World Wide Web at www.tnc.org.
  36. The purpose in naming the Poconos as one of America’s “Last Great Places� is to ________.
  A) gain support from the local community
  B) protect it from irresponsible development
  C) make it a better home for black bears
  D) provide financial security for future generations(B)
  37. We learn from the passage that ________.
  A) the population in the Pocono area is growing
  B) wildlife in the Pocono area is dying out rapidly
  C) the security of the Pocono residents is being threatened
  D) farmlands in the Pocono area are shrinking fast(A)
  38. What is important in protecting the Poconos according to Cook?
  A) The setting up of an environmental protection website
  B) Support from organizations like The Nature Conservancy
  C) Cooperation with the local residents and business leaders
  D) Inclusion of farmlands in the region’s protection program(C)
  39. What does Bud Cook mean by “having a local presence� (Line 1, Para. 5)?
  A) Financial contributions from local business leaders
  B) Consideration of the interests of the local residents
  C) The establishment of a wildlife protection foundation in the area
  D) The setting up of a local Nature Conservancy branch in the Pocono area(D)
  40. The passage most probably is ________.
  A) an official document
  B) a news story
  C) an advertisement
  D) a research report(D)
  这是一篇推广目的很强的实用性文章,文末给出了�系方�,��这篇文章有头有尾,��于许多阅读真题中的节选�料。完整引用原文也使这篇�料段�较多,内容较长,加大了阅读的难度。
  文章的主�内容是介�美国一处自然野生环境�临�到破�的�险,以�相关人员和机构为�护这一自然环境奔走努力的�历,写作目的是�引公众对此事的关注,从而为这一野生环境的�护赢得更多的社会力�。
  全文一共七段,�两段按部就��出了文章的核心内容。开头介�了这一野生环境的基本情况,如大体�置(Two hours from the tall buildings),主�物�(生长�黑熊)。第二段介�这一地区所�临的��——空地�到房地产建设的��,栖�地�到高速公路建设的��——以�相关机构的环�努力(NatureConservancy named the area one of……)。
  接下�的二段继续对NatureConservancy机构的环�行动�进一步的说明。第三段引出了该机构的工作人员Cook,�述他�护这一地区环境的具体�法:主�是与当地居民和商业领袖共��作(working with local people and business leaders)。段��指出他的工作�有�效(protect more than 14,000 acres of environmentally important land)。第三段是从环�机构的角度进行�述,第四段则从当地人的角度讲述环�工作的效果。文章以Altemoses的家庭为例,�述他们二年�接�Conservancy的环�计划�的�化,一是土地�到�护(land can be protected from development),二是获得了�济上�障(a secure financial future for their 7-year-old grandson)。
  行文至此,读者�知这样一个信�,Conservancy机构的环�工作是�功的。��两段马上�Cook之�说出了他们�功的秘诀,�与当地人�作(protecting these remarkable lands is connecting with the local community),原因是当地人热爱家乡的自然环境,他们有强烈的�护家乡环境的愿望,更能�助该机构开展工作。
  文章�给出了�费电�和网站地�,希望更多的人能够了解和�与该机构的环�行动。
  36. B
  题目问把Poconos称为美国�的伟大之地是为了什么。
  A,获得当地社区的支�。
  B,�护该地���负责任的开�。
  C,使其�为黑熊的更好的栖�地。
  D,为未�几代人�供�济�障。
  题目中的关键�Last Great Places出现在第二段末尾:To protect the Poconosnatural beauty from irresponsible development, the NatureConservancy named the area one of America’s “Last Great Places�,主�正好是题目所述内容,而由to引导的状语从�无疑表明了此命�的目的所在。
  Protect the Poconos natural beauty from irresponsible development,这里使用了一个�组protect sth. from sth.,��是�护……��……(的侵害),则本���就是�护Poconos的自然美景���负责任的开�的侵害。B的说法�好与此一致,�以说本题是一��分题。
  37. A
  题目问我们能从文章中得知什么。
  A,Pocono地区的人�正在增长。
  B,Pocono地区的野生动�物正在迅速地��。
  C,Pocono地区居民的安全正�到��。
  D,Pocono地区的农业用地正快速地缩�。
  四个选项分别从Pocono地区的人�数��野生动�物�居民安全和农业用地几方�进行说明。
  有关人�的�述从第二段中�以找到,an ideal place forblack bears have also attracted more people to the region,��是Pocono作为美景之地�引了越�越多的人�此,�文还�到了房地产开�和公路建设,��该地区人�确实在增长。A是正确的。
  有关野生动�物的�述为Open spaces arethreatened by plans for housing estates and importanthabitats are endangered by highway construction,这里的谓语是are threatened,��是�到��,��并�是�B所说的到了��的地步。
  有关居民安全的�述并没有�到,�以排除C。
  至于农业用地问题,文章确实有所�述。文章��部分曾讲到hisfamily’s land can be protected from development,说明农业用地�能�到了开�的影�。但文章没有就这个问题进行详述,也就无从得知农业用地的缩�情况到底如何,所以,D所说的“快速�缩��能认为是正确的。
  38. C
  根�Cook的说法,在�护Poconos的问题上哪一点是��的。
  A,建立一个环境�护网站。
  B,得到诸如The Nature Conservancy等机构的支�。
  C,与当地居民和商业领袖的�作。
  D,将农业用地纳入当地的�护体系。
  题目的关键信�是Cook,这个人物在第三段中开始出现,Cook is working withlocal people and business leaders to balance economic growth with environmentalprotection,这一���是Cook正与当地居民和商业领袖�作,在�济增长和环境�护之间求得平衡。Cook第二次出场是在倒数第三段,把机构的�功归因于与当地居民的�作(havinga local presence and a commitment to working with local residents)。倒数第二段直接引用了Cook的原�,�大�是�护当地环境的关键(the key)是与当地社区���作,此�的几�解释了这一说法的��所在(Theyare eager to help with conservation effort)。
  从Cook的言行�以看出,在�护Poconos的问题上,与当地居民的�作是至关��的,尤其是倒数第二段还直接指出了这一点。四个选项中C的说法为准确。
  39. D
  Cook所说的having a local presence是什么��。
  A,当地商业领袖资金支�。
  B,把当地居民的利益纳入到考虑当中。
  C,在该地区建立一个野生动�物�护基金。
  D,在Pocono地区建立NatureConservancy的分支机构。
  Having a local presence直译为“在当地出现�,其语言环境是这样的:Cook attributes the Conservancy’s success in the Poconos to having alocal presence and a commitment to working with local residents,基本结构为sb. attributes sth. to sth.,“�人把�事归因于�事�。这��的汉语��是Cook把该机构的�功归因于having a local presence和致力于与当地居民的�作,commitment是“奉献�的��,而�“实行�,所以to在这里作为介�连接奉献的对象。
  从���以判断出,这个presence至少是和Conservancy�系相当紧密,应该是从该机构角度出�的presence,所以,从商业领袖角度出�的A就�对了。C所说的基金在文中从未��,也�以排除。B所说的consideration(考虑)和presence(出现�存在)�义上�离过远,为正确答案的�能性�大。
  从��结构上判断,having a local presence应该和a commitment to working withlocal residents存在紧密的�系,很有�能是递进关系,�者有�能是对�者的解释说明。如果把presence视为D所说的分支结构,那么acommitment to working with local residents这里所述的“奉献�就是由这个分支机构�出的。从��上讲,这样分�是说得通的。所以本题选择D。
  40.C
  这�题是问这篇�料有�能是一篇什么。
  A,官方文档。
  B,新闻故事。
  C,广告。
  D,研究报告。
  作为本篇�一�题,这�题很�是对全篇的考查。若去综�全篇内容,作出判断有一定难度,因为几个答案似乎都有一定的��,但�都似乎都�是具备完全的说�力。
  其实本题�然考查�一段。�一段给出了电�和网�,说明该文档�文的部分应该是起到一个宣传作用,目的是希望得到读者的�情与关注,进而通过电��网站�与到环境�护活动。由此��这篇�料应该是一篇公益广告。C是正确的。

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