历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2004-2006)
- 第1页:2004.6-Passage Two
- 第2页:2004.6-Passage Three
- 第3页:2004.6-PassageFour
- 第4页:2005.1-Passage One
- 第5页:2005.1-Passage Two
- 第6页:2005.1-Passage Three
- 第7页:2005.1-Passage Four
- 第8页:2005.6-Passage 1
  2005.1
  Passage One
  Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.
  Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery, but being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu (�感) may make a difference in how long the misery lasts.
  The American Lung Association (ALA) has issued new guidelines on combating colds and the flu, and one of the keys is being able to quickly tell the two apart. That’s because the prescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon after the illness sets in. As for colds, the sooner a person starts taking over-the-counter remedy, the sooner relief will come.
  The common cold and the flu are both caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause cold symptoms, while the flu is caused by three viruses—flu A, B and C. There is no cure for either illness, but the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine (疫苗), which is, for most people, the best way to fight the flu, according to the ALA.
  But if the flu does strike, quick action can help. Although the flu and common cold have many similarities, there are some obvious signs to look for.
  Cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, runny nose and scratchy throat typically develop gradually, and adults and teens often do not get a fever. On the other hand, fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages. And in general, flu symptoms including fever and chills, sore throat and body aches come on suddenly and are more severe than cold symptoms.
  The ALA notes that it may be particularly difficult to tell when infants and preschool age children have the flu. It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms.
  Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter medications as well. However, children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndrome (综�症),a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system.
  There is, of course, no vaccine for the common cold. But frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with people who have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.
  11. According to the author, knowing the cause of the misery will help ________.
  A) shorten the duration of the illness
  B) the patient buy medicine over the counter
  C) the patient obtain cheaper prescription drugs
  D) prevent people from catching colds and the flu(A)
  12. We learn from the passage that ________.
  A) one doesn’t need to take any medicine if he has a cold or the flu
  B) aspirin should not be included in over-the-counter medicines for the flu
  C) delayed treatment of the flu will harm the liver and central nervous system
  D) over-the-counter drugs can be taken to ease the misery caused by a cold or the flu(D)
  13. According to the passage, to combat the flu effectively, ________.
  A) one should identify the virus which causes it
  B) one should consult a doctor as soon as possible
  C) one should take medicine upon catching the disease
  D) one should remain alert when the disease is spreading(C)
  14. Which of the following symptoms will distinguish the flu from a cold?
  A) A stuffy nose.
  B) A high temperature.
  C) A sore throat.
  D) A dry cough.(B)
  15. If children have flu-like symptoms, their parents ________.
  A) are advised not to give them aspirin
  B) should watch out for signs of Reye syndrome
  C) are encouraged to take them to hospital for vaccination
  D) should prevent them from mixing with people running a fever(A)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« è®²çš„æ˜¯åº”è¯¥å¦‚ä½•åŒºåˆ«å¯¹å¾…æ„Ÿå†’å’Œæµ�æ„Ÿã€‚å› ä¸ºæ–‡ç« æ—¨åœ¨å�‘æ™®é€šæ°‘ä¼—ä¼ æ’医疗知识,所以é�£è¯�é€ å�¥è¾ƒä¸ºç®€æ˜“,结构清晰易辨,ç�†è§£çš„难度ä¸�大。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« å¼€ç¯‡æŒ‡å‡ºä¸¤ç‚¹ï¼Œä¸€æ˜¯æ„Ÿå†’ä¸Žæµ�感有很多相似的症状(Scratchy throats, stuffy noses and body aches all spell misery),二是应当å¦ä¼šåŒºåˆ†æ„Ÿå†’å’Œæµ�感(may make a differenceï¼‰ã€‚è¿™ä¸¤ç‚¹ä¹Ÿæ˜¯æ–‡ç« æ‰€è¿°å†…å®¹çš„çº²é¢†ï¼Œå�Žè€…是论述的侧é‡�点。
  第二段引用医疗æ�ƒå¨�ALA的指导原则,指出区分普通感冒与æµ�æ„Ÿçš„åŽŸå› æ‰€åœ¨ï¼šè¾¨åˆ«å‡ºæ˜¯å“ªç§�疾病å�Žå�¯ä»¥ç«‹å�³è¿›è¡Œç›¸åº”的治疗。对于æµ�感æ�¥è¯´ï¼Œè¦�马上把医生的è�¯æ–¹ä»˜è¯¸å®žæ–½ï¼ˆprescription drugs available for the flu need to be taken soon);对感冒æ�¥è¯´ï¼Œåˆ™è¦�ç«‹å�³æœ�用é�žå¤„æ–¹è�¯ï¼ˆstarts taking over-the-counter remedy)。
  接下æ�¥çš„å‡ æ®µä»Žè‡´ç—…æˆ�å› ã€�预防手段ã€�ç—‡çŠ¶ç‰æ–¹é�¢ä»‹ç»�了感冒与æµ�感的区别。
ã€€ã€€ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µè®²è¿°äº†äºŒè€…çš„è‡´ç—…å› ç´ ï¼Œæ„Ÿå†’æº�于二百多ç§�病毒,而æµ�感æº�于三ç§�病毒。作者附带讲到æµ�感的预防方法:接ç§�疫苗(the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine)。而普通感冒的预防方法则跳到了å�Žä¸€æ®µï¼šfrequent hand washing and avoiding close contact,勤洗手,ä¸�与感冒病人密切接触。
  四ã€�五ã€�å…æ®µä»‹ç»�了感冒与æµ�感在症状上的区别。第四段å�ªèµ·äº†æ‰¿ä¸Šå�¯ä¸‹çš„ä½œç”¨ï¼Œç¬¬äº”æ®µè¯¦ç»†è®²è§£äº†äºŒè€…çš„åŒºåˆ«ã€‚ç¬¬å…æ®µåˆ™æŒ‡å‡ºä¸€ä¸ªç‰¹ä¾‹ï¼šå©´å¹¼å„¿å’Œå¦é¾„å‰�儿童的æµ�感症状ä¸�易辨认。
  第七段讲的是治疗方法,��说明了治疗�忌:少年儿童�宜�用阿�匹林(should not take aspirin for pain relief)。
  11. A
  这é�“é¢˜é—®æ ¹æ�®ä½œè€…的说法,了解病痛的æˆ�å› å°†ä¼šæœ‰åŠ©äºŽä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,有助于缩çŸç—…情延ç»çš„æ—¶é—´ã€‚
  B,有助于病人è´ä¹°é�žå¤„æ–¹è�¯ã€‚
  C,有助于病人获得更为便宜的处方�。
  D,有助于预防感冒和�感。
  题目ä¸çš„关键信æ�¯æ˜¯causeå’Œhelpï¼Œé¢˜çš„ç”æ¡ˆæ— 疑应该去段寻找,但鉴于段比较çŸï¼Œå�¯èƒ½éœ€è¦�查看第二段的内容。
  段å�ªæœ‰ä¸€å�¥è¯�,å�¯ä»¥å�‘现有but一è¯�,å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–butå‰�å�Žå�„为一个完整的å�¥å�,二者关系为转折。å�Žå�Šå�¥ä¸å‡ºçŽ°äº†cause一è¯�,è¦�ç�€é‡�ç�†è§£è¿™å�Šå�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�。Being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu may make a difference in how long the misery lasts,这å�¥è¯�çš„ä¸»è¯æ˜¯Being able to tell if the cause is a cold or flu:如能知é�“引å�‘病痛的是感冒还是æµ�感;may make a difference in how long the misery lasts, å�¯èƒ½ä¼šä½¿ç—…ç—›æŒ�ç»çš„æ—¶é—´é•¿çŸæœ‰æ‰€ä¸�å�Œã€‚使病痛æŒ�ç»æ—¶é—´é•¿çŸæœ‰æ‰€ä¸�å�Œï¼Œåˆ°åº•是指å�˜é•¿è¿˜æ˜¯å�˜çŸå‘¢ï¼Ÿå¾ˆå�¯èƒ½æ˜¯å�˜çŸã€‚å†�看第二段。第二段分别为感冒和æµ�感举例,指 出å�Šæ—¶äº†è§£è¿™ä¸¤ç§�ç—…ç—›æˆ�å› å�Žï¼Œå�¯ä»¥å�Šæ—©èŽ·å¾—åŒ»ç”Ÿçš„å¤„æ–¹æˆ–å�Šæ—©åŽ»è´ä¹°é�žå¤„æ–¹è�¯ã€‚两ç§�æƒ…å†µçš„ç»“æžœæ˜¯ä¸€æ ·çš„ï¼šå�Šæ—©é‡‡å�–æ£ç¡®çš„æ²»ç–—方法ã€�å�Šæ—©æ�¢å¤�å�¥åº·ï¼ˆthe sooner relief will come)。
  第二段澄清了段ä¸çš„å�«ç³Šè¯´æ³•,make a difference in how long the misery lastså�˜ä¸ºäº†the sooner relief will come,A的说法与æ¤ä¸€è‡´ã€‚
  12. D
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®æˆ‘ä»¬èƒ½ä»Žæ–‡ç« ä¸èŽ·çŸ¥ä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,一个人如果患上感冒或�感,�需���。
  B,阿�匹林�应作为治疗�感的�处方�。
  C,延误æµ�感治疗会æ�Ÿå®³è‚�è„�å’Œä¸æž¢ç¥žç»�系统。
  D,�处方��以用�缓解由感冒或�感引起的病痛。
  首先看到这是一é�“推ç�†é¢˜ï¼ŒæŽ¨ç�†é¢˜çš„一般方法是排除法,了解å�„个选项的内容å�Žï¼Œåˆ°æ–‡ä¸åŽ»å¯»æ‰¾ç›¸å…³çš„å�¥å�,判æ–选项的说法是å�¦æ£ç¡®ã€‚
  Açš„è¯´æ³•åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ‰¾ä¸�到,ä¸�过有内容å�¯ä»¥å�¦å®šå®ƒçš„说法:第二段第二å�¥è¯�明确说到,如果一个人患上æµ�感应该尽早æœ�用医生的处方è�¯ã€‚
  和B有关的内容在倒数第二段。这一段首先指出æµ�感和感冒都å�¯ä»¥ç”±é�žå¤„æ–¹è�¯æ�¥ç¼“解其症状(can be eased with over-the-counter medications),而å�Žå�ˆè¡¥å……说明少年儿童ä¸�应æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—。首先å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—属于é�žå¤„æ–¹è�¯ï¼Œå…¶æ¬¡å�¯ä»¥æŽ¨ç�†å‡ºä¸�是少年儿童的人们å�¯ä»¥æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—æ�¥æ²»ç–—感冒或æµ�感。所以Bä¸�对。
  C的说法也和倒数第二段有关。第二段第二å�¥æ��到少年儿童æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—会引å�‘一ç§�疾病:Reye syndrome。这ç§�疾病的特点是a rare but serious condition of the liver and central nervous system。å�¯è§�对è‚�è„�å’Œä¸æž¢ç¥žç»�系统的æ�Ÿå®³æ˜¯ç”±æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—引起的,而ä¸�是延误治疗引起的。
  D的说法�好符�倒数第二段��表达的��。
  13. C
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®æ ¹æ�®æ–‡ä¸æ‰€è¿°ï¼Œè¦�想有效对抗æµ�感,应该……
  A,首先确定是由哪�病毒引起的。
  B,应该尽快咨询医生。
  C,感染�感�应该立���。
  D,æµ�æ„Ÿä¼ æ’æœŸé—´ï¼Œåº”该ä¿�æŒ�è¦æƒ•。
ã€€ã€€å››ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹åœ¨æ–‡ç« ä¸éƒ½å�¯ä»¥æ‰¾åˆ°ç›¸å…³çš„内容。
  A,文ä¸ç¬¬äºŒæ®µå�¥è¯�指出è¦�对抗感冒和æµ�感,其ä¸å…³é”®ä¸€ç‚¹æ˜¯èƒ½å¤Ÿè¿…速把二者区分开æ�¥ã€‚而å�Žç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µåˆ†æž�了导致æµ�感和感冒的病毒的ä¸�å�Œä¹‹å¤„,这也是A说法的ç�€è�½ç‚¹ã€‚ä½†æ ¹æ�®ç¬¬å››æ®µçš„æ��è¿°å�¯ä»¥çŸ¥é�“,通常辨别æµ�感和感冒的方法ä¸�是通过病毒,而是从症状上进行区分。所以A的说法ä¸�对。
  第二段第二å�¥è¯�说明了为什么需è¦�迅速把感冒和æµ�感区分开æ�¥â€”â€”å› ä¸ºæ‚£ä¸Šæµ�感å�Žéœ€è¦�ç«‹å�³æœ�用处方è�¯ï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯C说法的ç�€è�½ç‚¹ã€‚å�¦å¤–,处方è�¯å¿…然是由医生开出的,è¦�想立å�³æœ�用处方è�¯ï¼Œå¿…须首先咨询医生,这勉强算是B说法的一个ç�€è�½ç‚¹ã€‚但这一说法没有在文ä¸ç›´æŽ¥ç»™å‡ºï¼Œè€ŒC是直接给出的,所以相对æ�¥è¯´ï¼ŒC比Bæ›´æŽ¥è¿‘ç”æ¡ˆã€‚å�¦å¤–从逻辑角度分æž�,能够直接对抗疾病的应该是è�¯ç‰©ï¼Œè€Œä¸�是咨询医生,在咨询医生å�Žï¼Œä¹Ÿç»ˆè¦�è�½å®žåˆ°æœ�è�¯ä¸Šæ�¥ã€‚
  å�¦å¤–B说法的一个比较明显的ç�€è�½ç‚¹æ˜¯åœ¨å€’数第三段:It advises parents to call the doctor if their small children have flu-like symptoms,这里的æ„�æ€�是说,在ä¸�能判æ–å©å�的症状为æµ�感还是感冒时,应该å�‘医生咨询。å�¯è§�咨询医生的目的是分辨æµ�感和感冒,和有效对抗æµ�感尚有一 段è·�离,至少ä¸�如æœ�è�¯æ›´ä¸ºå�ˆé€‚。
  �一段讲到预防感冒的好方法是勤洗手和�与病人密切接触,这应该是D所谓的remain alert的实际�法。但这�方法是用�预防感冒,而�是�感。所以D�对。
  14. B
  题目问下列哪�症状�以区分�感和感冒。
  A,鼻塞。
  B,高烧。
  C,喉咙酸痛。
  D,干咳。
  对æµ�感和感冒症状的分æž�是在第五段。å�¥è¯�首先介ç»�了感冒的症状,其ä¸åŒ…括鼻塞ã€�æµ�鼻涕ã€�喉咙痒ç‰ç‰ï¼Œè€Œå�ŽæŒ‡å‡ºæ„Ÿå†’症状ä¸é€šå¸¸æ²¡æœ‰å�‘烧(do not get a fever)。第二å�¥è¯�指出æµ�感的典型特点之一是å�‘烧(fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu)。从一二å�¥çš„对比å�¯ä»¥çœ‹å‡ºï¼Œå�‘烧与å�¦æ˜¯åŒºåˆ«æµ�æ„Ÿå’Œæ„Ÿå†’çš„å…³é”®å› ç´ ã€‚æœ¬é¢˜é€‰æ‹©B。
  15. A
  题目问儿童出现了疑似�感的症状,父�们如何如何。
  A,建议ä¸�è¦�ç»™å©å�æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—。
  B,应该注�观察有没有Reye综�症的迹象。
  C,鼓励父æ¯�们带å©å�去医院接å�—疫苗注射。
  D,应该防æ¢ä½¿ä»–们和å�‘烧人群接触。
  这é�“题出现了一æ�¡å…³é”®ä¿¡æ�¯ï¼Œä¹Ÿå°±æ˜¯childrenã€‚æ–‡ç« æ��到children是在倒数第二ã€�三段,倒数第三段讲到儿童症状ä¸�易区分是感冒和æµ�感,应该å�‘医生咨询。倒数第二段讲到儿童ä¸�应æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—æ�¥ç¼“解感冒或æµ�感症状,å�¦åˆ™ä¼šå¯¼è‡´Reye综å�ˆç—‡ã€‚
  A的说法符å�ˆå€’数第二段的内容,是æ£ç¡®çš„。
  Bæ��到了Reye综å�ˆç—‡ï¼Œä½†ç�†è§£children and teens with a cold or flu should not take aspirin for pain relief because of the risk of Reye syndromè¿™å�¥è¯�å�Žï¼Œå�¯ä»¥æ˜Žç™½è¿™ç§�综å�ˆç—‡æ˜¯æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—çš„å�Žæžœï¼Œçˆ¶æ¯�们è¦�注æ„�的是ä¸�ç»™å©å�æœ�用阿å�¸åŒ¹æž—,而ä¸�是ç‰ç�€åŽ»è§‚å¯Ÿç»¼å�ˆç—‡çš„症状。
  至于Cï¼Œæ–‡ç« ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µæ��到了疫苗:the flu can be prevented by the flu vaccine。从这å�¥è¯�å�¯çŸ¥ç–«è‹—是用æ�¥é¢„防(prevented)æµ�感的,而题目所è¦�求的是儿童出现了症状以å�Žå¦‚何如何,所以C的说法和题æ„�ä¸�符。
  D所称的“和�烧人群接触�应该和�一段的内容有关,如�一段�到的avoiding close contact with people who have colds。�过这一段开头一�已�说明本段讨论的感冒问题,而�是�感,所以�符�题�。
  çƒé—¨æŽ¨è��:
  历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2002-2004)
  2011å¹´12月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
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