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历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2004-2006)

  Passage Two
  Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
  In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come work and live here? In the wake of the Sept. 11 attacks these questions have never seemed more pressing.
  On Dec. 11, 2001, as part of the effort to increase homeland security, federal and local authorities in 14 states staged “Operation Safe Travel�—raids on airports to arrest employees with false identification (身份�明). In Salt Lake City there were 69 arrests. But those captured were anything but terrorists, most of them illegal immigrants from Central or South America. Authorities said the undocumented workers’ illegal status made them open to blackmail (讹诈) by terrorists.
  Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods.
  Mayor Anderson said those feelings were justified to a certain extent. “We’re saying we want you to work in these places, we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are, and then when it’s convenient for us, or when we can try to make a point in terms of national security, especially after Sept. 11, then you’re disposable. There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons,� Anderson said.
  If Sept. 11 had never happened, the airport workers would not have been arrested and could have gone on quietly living in America, probably indefinitely. Ana Castro, a manager at a Ben & Jerry’s ice cream shop at the airport had been working 10 years with the same false Social Security card when she was arrested in the December airport raid. Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation (驱�出境). Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry’s.
  62. According to the author, the United States claims to be a nation ________.
  A) composed of people having different values
  B) encouraging individual pursuits
  C) sharing common interests
  D) founded on shared ideals(D)
  63. How did the immigrants in Salt Lake City feel about “Operation Safe Travel�?
  A) Guilty.
  B) Offended.
  C) Disappointed.
  D) Discouraged.(B)
  64. Undocumented workers became the target of “Operation Safe Travel� because ________.
  A) evidence was found that they were potential terrorists
  B) most of them worked at airports under threat of terrorists
  C) terrorists might take advantage of their illegal status
  D) they were reportedly helping hide terrorists around the airport(C)
  65. By saying “... we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are� (Line 2, Para. 4), Mayor Anderson means “________�.
  A) we will turn a blind eye to your illegal status
  B) we will examine the laws in a different way
  C) there are other ways of enforcing the law
  D) the existing laws must not be ignored(C)
  66. What do we learn about Ana Castro from the last paragraph?
  A) She will be deported sooner or later.
  B) She is allowed to stay permanently.
  C) Her case has been dropped.
  D) Her fate remains uncertain.(D)
  这是一篇时事报�性文章,讲述在美国911� 怖袭击�生之�政府对工作在机场而无有效身份�明的人进行�击逮�,以�此事对被逮�人的影�。作者以探讨的笔调行文,开头�出问题,全篇�述事实,对开 头的问题进行解释。文章呈现问题�没有�出解决方案,这与其时事性有关,根�文�,此事的�展尚待明朗,作者也很难�出深入的评判。值得称�的是,这篇文 章在写法上�辟蹊径,把文中所述事件上�为一�美国�想与�利问题,并在开头就�出,既�引读者眼�,�能激起民众的�应情绪,效果好于平铺直��的报 �。
   全文一共5段,开头没有直接�述事件本身,而是�出与该事件相关的论题:In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come work and live here?并指出911�该问题�得更为迫切,以此�起读者对为何如此的探询,有设置悬念的作用。
  文章�四部分解决了这个悬念,第二段�述了美国911�怖袭击�生之�政府对工作在机场而无有效身份�明的人进行�击逮�的�过,并引述了官方如此�法的原因(open to blackmail by terrorists,这些人易��怖分��迫)。
  第三段简明交代了被逮�人的�应:angerd(愤怒),being treated like disposable goods(�到货物一样的对待)。接下�的第四段引用Anderson的�支�了被逮�者的这�感�。�一段用Ana Castro的例�说明被逮�者的窘迫境�,�露出此事�展尚待继续的信�(�引读者继续关注)。
  62. D
  题目问根�作者的说法,美国声称是一个什么样的国家。
  �题的答案基本上都�到段去寻找。段的内容�有两��,�是In a country that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood, who should be allowed to come work and live here? 这里的that defines itself by ideals, not by shared blood是一个较长的宾语从�,修饰country。根��文�知,这里的country指的就是美国,那么题目问的美国是什么样的国家,其答案就是that��表述的内容。defines itself by ideals,以�想�定义自身,not by shared blood而 �是以共�的血统。��就是美国是一个因�想而��起�的国家,而�是因其国民属于�一血统�一��。事实上也确实如此,美国是一个移民国家,大部分居民 都是外�移民,大家怀���一个梦想——美国梦。而多数国家的国民则属于�一血统,如德国人主�是日耳曼民�,日本主�是大和民�等。
  A,由拥有��价值观的人组�。
  B,鼓励个人追求。
  C,分享共�利益。
  D,建立在共�的�想之上。
  根�上文的分�,D的说法是正确的。
  63. B
  题目问�湖城的移民对Operation Safe Travel这一行动的感�如何。
  第二段�述了美国911�怖袭击�生之�政府对工作在机场而无有效身份�明的人进行�击逮�的�过之�,第三段用一��给出了这些移民的感�:were angered by the arrests and said they felt as if they were being treated like disposable goods。这里的关键�是angered,��是“愤怒的�,��移民的�应是愤怒。
  A,guilty,内疚的。
  B,offended。Offend是“使�高兴��愉快�使�怒�的��,它的被动语�就是“�高兴��愉快��怒�的��。与angered是�义�。
  C,disappointed,失望的。
  D,dicouraged。Dicourage是“使气��的��,其被动形�就是“气�的�。
  B是正确答案。
  64. C
  题目问无入档工人�为Operation Safe Travel行动的目标,原因是什么。
  A,�现���明他们是潜在的�怖主义分�。
  B,他们大多在机场工作,�到�怖分�的��。
  C,�怖分��能利用他们的�法身份。
  D,�报他们在机场附近�助���怖分�。
  文章第二段�述了美国911�怖袭击�生之�政府对工作在机场而无有效身份�明的人进行�击逮�的�过和结果,以�官方给出的如此�法的原因。those captured were anything but terrorists,这里的but表示“除了�,除了�怖分�之外�以是anything(任何东西),言下之�就是“�是�怖分��。Anything but�以作为一个�组�记忆,�为“��是�。 Authorities said the undocumented workers’ illegal status made them open to blackmail by terrorists,这一�解释了官方逮�未入档工人的原因。Be open to blackmail,是易�讹诈的��,这里的open与vulnerable(脆弱的�易�攻击的)��一致。易�讹诈的原因是illegal status,�法地�,�系起��以明白大致的��是:因为他们是�法移民,�怖分��能会利用这一点,以告�其身份为��,迫使他们与�怖分��作。
  观察题支�以判断A和D都存在明显错误,B也�到他们会�到�怖分���,但�注�这里的under threat of是“有……的�险�的��,of��接的是�险本身,如banks under threat of downgrade,排�有�级的�险。Under threat of terrorists本身的�义讲�通。而under the threat of�是�到……的��的��。所以说,B选项本身就存在�义表达错误,是一个迷惑选项。
  65. C
  题目问Anderson说的“we’re going to look the other way in terms of what our laws are�这��的��是什么。
  从这个��本身�看,look the other way��是用一�方�看,in terms of是“就……而言�的��,what our laws are,法律是什么。�系起�看就是“用�一�方��看法律是什么的问题�。
  从上下文�看,上一段讲到被逮�者对这一事件的�应是愤怒,并称�到了货物一样的对待,第三段开头指出Anderson对他们的感�表示了支�。��文章引用了Anderson的原�。
  Anderson的这段�是比较难以�解的,因为他使用了现在时�,而实际上应该用过去时。如果考生注�到了现在时�而认为他说的是现在和将�,那就会出现�解上的困难。判断他说的是过去的��有especially after Sept. 11, then you’re disposable,�文已�说了工人们认为自己�被货物一样对待,当时使用了disposable一�,这里的disposable应该就是指的上文工人的�。此外还有There are whole families being uprooted for all of the wrong reasons这�,整个家庭�到破�的情形是正在�生的,而Anderson��说的几�事实必然是过去�生的。
  这段引用的大�是:我们说过我们需�你们在这些地方工作,我们会look the other way in terms of what our laws are,然�,我们一觉得方便,或是想就国家安全�表一下观点,尤其是在911以�,你们就�了处�货了。这里说的点信�是美国需�这些人,第二点信�是在法律上是��许这些人在美国工作的,那么“用�一�方��看法律是什么的问题��以�解为为这些人在法律上�通,以便他们能够为美国工作,�时���到追究。
  A,我们将对你们的�法地��一�眼闭一�眼。
  B,我们用�一�方��考察(研究)法律。
  C,有其他执行法律的方�。
  D,现有法律�能被忽略。
  B和D的错误比较明显。A的说法在实际效果上�以说得过去,因为�一�眼闭一�眼事实上��了�法移民为美国工作�时���到追究。但文中说的在法律上�通�能��官方无所作为这一项,也�以用其他方��达到目的。因此C的说法更为准确些。
  66. D
  题目问从�一段�知Ana Castro的哪些事情。�一段的��部分对Ana Castro的现状进行了�述,原文是:Now she and her family are living under the threat of deportation. Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled. While she awaits the outcome, the government has granted her permission to work here and she has returned to her job at Ben & Jerry’s。���解了这段�的��,选择出正确答案并�难。
  汉语直译为:现在,她与她的家庭生活在被驱�出境的��之下。她的案�目�正等待审�中。在她等待结果期间,政府已��许她在这里工作,她已�返回Ben & Jerry’s继续工作。
  A,她早晚都�被驱�出境。从这段��以看出,她处在被驱�出境的��之下(under the threat of deportation),这就�味�她有�能被驱�,也有�能�被驱�,所以说A认为她早晚都�被驱�是有些武断了。
  B, 她被�许�留在美国。文中的government has granted her permission to work here一�指出她被�许继续工作,是��以�留,还有等待结果(awaits the outcome)。
  C,她的案�已��止审�。Castro’s case is currently waiting to be settled这一�说明她的案�还在审�中,没有�止审�。
  D,她的命��然未�。从�一段�以看到,她虽然已�被�许继续工作,但以�命�如何还�等待案件审�的结果,因此说她命��然未�是�适的。

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