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历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2004-2006)

  Passage Three
  Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
  Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch. But he is in for an unwelcome surprise. The car is fitted with a remote immobiliser (�止器), and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again.
  The idea goes like this. A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS (全�定�系统) satellite positioning receiver. If the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted.
  In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves. ‘The pattern of vehicle crime has changed,’ says Martyn Randall, a security expert. He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old.
  Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition (点�) key. In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.
  But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting bold of the owner’s keys. And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system.
  If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.
  Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit.
  31. What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?
  A) To help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief.
  B) To allow the car to lock automatically when stolen.
  C) To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.
  D) To prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner.(C)
  32. By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed� (Lines 1-2. Para. 3), Martyn Randall suggests that ________.
  A) it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing
  B) self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft
  C) the thief has to make use of computer technology
  D) the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old(B)
  33. What is essential in making a modem car tougher to steal?
  A) A coded ignition key.
  B) A unique ID card.
  C) A special cellphone signal.
  D) A GPS satellite positioning receiver.(A)
  34. Why does the tracking system set a 100-metre minimum before sending an alarm to the operations centre?
  A) To leave time for the operations centre to give an alarm.
  B) To keep police informed of the car’s movements.
  C) To give the driver time to contact the operations centre.
  D) To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.(D)
  35. What will the operations centre do first after receiving an alarm?
  A) Start the tracking system.
  B) Contact the car owner.
  C) Block the car engine.
  D) Locate the missing car.(B)
  这是一篇讲述汽车防盗系统的说明文。文章开头�辟蹊径,以场景�述开篇,�述一个�车贼在�车逃跑的过程中如何�困于防盗系统。这个场景言简�赅,概括了本篇所述的防盗系统的三个�点:immobiliser (�止器),a control centre(控制中心),以�其结果not be able to start it again(���动)。段以场景�述形象地�读者介�了本篇讨论的核心内容,引起读者的阅读兴趣,��的第二段马上以专业语言对这一系统进行�述。这�布局法显然好于开篇就直接介�防盗系统的工作原�。
  接下�的一段�引一个安全专家的�介�了英国国内汽车�盗现象的现状:因为车上安装了一套技术装置(a set of technical fixes),使得现在的�车贼无法�用以�的方法轻�地�车�功。
  第四段进一步讲解了这套技术装置的原�,并指出这�技术使与车辆有关的犯罪�生率下�了31%(achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime)。第三�四这两段说明的目的是为�文新的防盗系统的出现�好铺垫——因为旧有的方法���效,许多�车贼开始使用一�更为原始的方�:getting hold of the owner’s keys(�钥匙),本文的所介�的防盗系统就是为了应付这��盗方�而出现的——这是第五段的内容。
  文章的�两段具体说明了这�系统的工作方�。第六代说明的是汽车失窃的阶段:�出信�“send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen�。第七段说明第二阶段:工作人员确认失窃,并�助警方追�盗贼。
  31. C
  题目问轿车上安装的远程�止器的功能是什么。
  文章次�到�止器是在段第二行,纵观四个题支,其内容涉�得基本全部是段。把段的内容�解�彻之�,得出正确结论并�难。
  段�两�是一�场景�述,�在构筑类似�说的情景。�一个长��是关键。���The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer,汽车安装了一个远程�止器;and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again, 一个数英里外的控制中心会��一�无线电信�,一旦窃贼关掉引擎,就��能�点�了。�看之下,作者并没有说�止器和引擎失效之间的�系,因为�死引擎的 信�是控制中心�出的,而控制中心和�止器在这一段中并没有�生�系。�详细了解这套系统的工作方�,还�看第二段。第二段给出了具体说明:车上安装了一 套设备,如果汽车被�,就会�出手机信�告知控制中心�死汽车的引擎控制系统,�让引擎�次�动。
  A,帮助警察对�车贼�动�然袭击。在本文的例�中,�止器确实帮了警察这个忙(he is in for an unwelcome surprise),但很显然帮警察�动�然袭击�是它的功能。
  B,使汽车被�时自动�死。Automaticlly,自动地。但由第二段signal will tell the control centre to block�知,�死汽车的是控制中心,汽车并�是自动�死的。
  C,它�止时防止�车贼�新�动它。这��应该就是出题者心目中的答案。�过从纯语言的角度讲,这��也存在问题,问题就在于it指代�清。题目问的是What’s the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car?那么完整的回答就应该是the function of the remote immobilizer fitted to a car is to prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops。在这个��中,��的it��能是指的car,因为car是thief的定语,�是实体。按照这��的结构,it指的应该是�止器,那么C的说法就错了。如果出题人能把题支改�To prevent the car thief from restarting the engine once it stops就没有问题了。
  D,通过�汽车主人��无线电信�防止汽车被�。根�第三段的内容,无线电信�是��给了控制中心(signal will tell the control centre to),而�是汽车的主人。
  32. B
  题目问Randall所说的The pattern of vehicle crime has changed是指什么。
  A,�车贼�窃汽车所费时间更长了。
  B,自行准备的工具对于�窃汽车�说已��够用了。
  C,窃贼�得�使用电脑技术。
  D,窃贼已�对�窃汽车失去兴趣超过�年了。
  对于�解文中���的�义这类题,�能通过上下文的内容进行逻辑推�找出答案。这��的本�是“车辆犯罪的方�已��生了�化�。Randall说出这��是在第三段中间部分,这一�之�的一�是In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves,��是在英国,一套技术装置已�让�车贼们感到生活更为艰难了。之�的二�是He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools. But only if the car is more than 10 years old,��是一个�车贼教会一个人用少的工具�车�需几分钟,但除�那车已�是�多年�的了。
  �实际上对这��的�解很有帮助,因为这��里出现了change(�化),而�里有harder(更为艰难了),是一个比较级,�有�化的��。�过从这�还看�出这�生活的艰难具体是指什么,而��两�显然是对此的解释。“一个�车贼教会一个人用少的工具�车�需几分钟�,这里涵盖的信�的是�车贼使用很少的工具在很短的时间就�以�车�功,相对于��的harder,这无疑是一�轻�的生活。“但除�那车已�是�多年�的了�,��是�车贼的轻�生活�有在�多年�的车上实现,暗�有现在的车已��是那样了的��,这里表达的也是“change�。由此��,文Randall的这����就是�车贼已��能��多年�那样�用很少的工具很少的时间就能�车�功。四个答案中C和D存在明显的错误。A是说时间�长,B是说工具�够用了,这二者中起关键作用的还是工具�够用,时间�长实际上是工具�够用的结果,选择B更为��。
  33. A
  题目问使一辆现代的轿车更难被�的根本因素是什么。
  A,加密点�钥匙。
  B,一的身份�。
  C,特殊的手机信�。
  D,GPS�星定�接收器。
  第三段引用Martyn Randall的�指明了当代汽车因为��技术装置而难于被�的事实,第四段就是对这�技术装置的详细说明。开头的一��就是本题所问的问题:Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key,���是题目本身:现在的汽车远比以�难�;而�是��as,表示“因为�而�是“当�,as��就是�由:“引擎控制系统的电脑��许汽车�动,除�它们接到一个由点�钥匙�出的一的身份�。�
  这里没有直接�到特殊的手机信�和GPS定�系统,这二者是在第二段的介�中出现的,它们是�止器系统中的�素,而本段讨论的是�止器出现之�就已�普�存在的防盗系统,正是因为这一系统使一些�车贼转而去�钥匙,终促使�止器系统的出现。
  而在点�钥匙与身份�之间,�以判断出身份�是由钥匙�出的,有了钥匙就有了身份�,身份��能独立于钥匙而存在,这样看的�,钥匙应该是核心因素。应该选择A。
  34. D
  题目问为什么跟踪系统�设置一个100米的�行驶�,之����作中心�出警报。
  �以看到倒数第二段说明了设置这个100米�行驶�的原因:If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen. The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal。�是题干里所述的情况,��的一�对原因进行了解释:一百米的���以防止由GPS�准确造�的�警报。
  A,给�作中心�警报留出时间。文中没有�到。�过从逻辑上讲,如果跟踪系统��出警报,控制中心是�会知�汽车被盗的,也就永远�会�出警报,谈�上留出时间。
  B,使警察�时获知汽车的行驶方�。这是全文�一��到的内容,是在�出警报之�的事情了。
  C,给驾驶者留出时间�与�作中心�系。汽车被盗�的驾驶者显然是�车贼,�车贼会和�作中心�系什么呢?
  D,预防GPS系统的�能错误。与��的分�一致。
  35. B
  题目问�作中心在接收到警报�首先��的是什么。
  A,�动跟踪系统。
  B,�系车主。
  C,�定汽车引擎。
  D,确定丢失车辆的�置。
  倒数第二段讲到车辆被��,跟踪系统会把被�的信��给�作中心(the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen),这就是题目所说的�作中心接到了警报。接下�的一段讲的就是�作中心的�应:Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit。一共两点,是首先�系车主确认车辆是�失踪,然�通过车上的GPS�时把车辆的�置告知警方。��步是�系车主,B是正确的。

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