历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2004-2006)
- 第1页:2004.6-Passage Two
- 第2页:2004.6-Passage Three
- 第3页:2004.6-PassageFour
- 第4页:2005.1-Passage One
- 第5页:2005.1-Passage Two
- 第6页:2005.1-Passage Three
- 第7页:2005.1-Passage Four
- 第8页:2005.6-Passage 1
  Passage Three
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.
  When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.
  Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (æ··æ�‚英è¯). But Stokoe believed the “hand talkâ€� his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandardâ€�. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说).
  It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,� Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.�
  21. The study of sign language is thought to be ________.
  A) a new way to look at the learning of language
  B) a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language
  C) an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language
  D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C)
  22. The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ________.
  A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain
  B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
  C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf
  D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C)
  23. According to Stokoe, sign language is ________.
  A) a Substandard language
  B) a genuine language
  C) an artificial language
  D) an international language(B)
  24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought ________.
  A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people
  B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted
  C) a language should be easy to use and understand
  D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds(D)
  25. Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that ________.
  A) sign language is as efficient as any other language
  B) sign language is derived from natural language
  C) language is a system of meaningful codes
  D) language is a product of the brain(D)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« å†…å®¹æ ¸å¿ƒæ˜¯æ‰‹è¯ï¼Œä»¥ä¸€ä½�手è¯ä¸“å®¶çš„ç ”ç©¶åŽ†ç¨‹ä¸ºçº¿ç´¢ï¼Œç²—ç•¥ä»‹ç»�了手è¯ç ”ç©¶çš„æ–°è§‚ç‚¹ï¼šæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ç‹¬ç«‹äºŽè¯éŸ³çš„å�¦ä¸€ç§�è¯è¨€ã€‚æ��料一共四段。开头介ç»�了手è¯ç ”究的进展以å�Šæ„�义,“进展â€�指过去的20å¹´ç ”ç©¶äººå‘˜å�‘现了手è¯çš„独特性(realized that signed languages are unique),æ„�义是指手è¯çš„这一å�‘çŽ°ä¸ºç ”ç©¶å¤§è„‘å¦‚ä½•åº”ç”¨ä¸Žç�†è§£è¯è¨€å¼€è¾Ÿäº†æ–°çš„æ–¹å�‘(a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language),å�Œæ—¶ä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå�¤è€�的科å¦è®ºé¢˜å¸¦æ�¥äº†æ–°çš„希望:è¯è¨€åˆ°åº•是天生的还是å�Žå¤©ä¹ 得的(whether language……is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior)。之å�Žï¼Œæ–‡ç« 简å�•介ç»�äº†è¿™ä¸€ç ”ç©¶å�‘现的先驱人物,以å�Žçš„内容全部都是围绕这ä½�å…ˆé©±çš„ç ”ç©¶ç»�历展开的。
  段末介ç»�了这ä½�先驱人物Stokoe的基本信æ�¯ï¼šå�Žç››é¡¿ç‰¹åŒºä¸€æ‰€è�‹äººå¤§å¦çš„æ•™å¸ˆã€‚第二段便从他的教å¦ç»�历讲起,谈到他被安排教授手è¯å�Žå�‘现了一个奇怪的现象:å¦ç”Ÿä»¬çš„动作与教他的è€�师所讲的并ä¸�ä¸€æ ·ï¼ˆstudents signed differently from his classroom teacher)。这就是新å�‘现的契机。
  接下æ�¥ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 先是简å�•è¯´æ˜Žä¸€ä¸‹å½“æ—¶çš„æ‰‹è¯æ•™è‚²çŠ¶å†µï¼Œä»¥å’Œä»–çš„æ–°å�‘现作为对比。首先是承接上文所说,讲他从è€�å¸ˆé‚£é‡Œå¦æ�¥çš„æ‰‹è¯çš„基本特点:æ¯�个手势代表英è¯é‡Œçš„一个å�•è¯�(each movement of the hands representing a word in English),这å�¯ä»¥ç�†è§£ä¸ºæ‰‹è¯å®žé™…上是è¯è¨€çš„附庸。其次是人们普é��认为美国手è¯ä¸�过是一ç§�æ··æ�‚英è¯ï¼ˆthought to be no more than a form of pidgin English),这里也在强调手è¯ä»Žå±žäºŽè¯è¨€ã€‚之å�Žæ˜¯Stokoe自己的å�‘现与æ€�考:他认为å¦ç”Ÿä»¬ä½¿ç”¨çš„æ‰‹è¯æ„�义比人们的普é��观点è¦�更为丰富(the “hand talkâ€� his students used looked richer),å�Œæ—¶å�—到了å�¯å�‘:或许è�‹äººç¡®å®žæ‹¥æœ‰ä¸€ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  上一段末一å�¥è¯´Stokoe的观点在当时过于超å‰�ï¼Œè¢«è§†ä¸ºå¦æœ¯å¼‚端,å�Žä¸€æ®µæ—¶ç©ºä¸€ä¸‹è·³è½¬åˆ°äº†37年以å�Žï¼Œæ¤æ—¶çš„Stokoe忙于写作ã€�编辑ã€�出å“�ç¾Žå›½æ‰‹è¯æ–¹é�¢çš„书ç±�报刊和视频(writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials),å�Œæ—¶é¥¶æœ‰å…´è‡´åœ°ä¸ºäººè®²è¿°è¿™åœºâ€œé�©å‘½â€�是如何开始的。从这里的信æ�¯å�¯ä»¥çœ‹å‡ºï¼ŒStokoe的观点的地ä½�å·²ç»�是今é�žæ˜”比了,å�¦åˆ™å¦‚æ¤å¤šçš„出版物ä¸�会有市场需求,其称呼也ä¸�会从“异端â€�å�˜ä¸ºâ€œé�©å‘½â€�。ä¸�过,å��对观点ä¾�ç„¶å��分强大,这一派认为è¯è¨€å¿…须以è¯éŸ³ä¸ºåŸºç¡€ï¼Œæ˜¯å£°éŸ³çš„å�˜ä½“(language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound),而Stokoe则å��é©³æ‰‹è¯æ�°æ�°ä»¥æ‰‹çš„动作为基础(sign language is based on the movement of hands),讥讽é�““è¯è¨€ä¸�是嘴巴层次的东西,而是大脑层次的东西(brain stuff)。
  21. B
  题目问符å�·è¯è¨€è¢«è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯ä¸€ç§�什么。
  A,一ç§�认识è¯è¨€ä¹ 得的新方å¼�。
  B,对è¯è¨€æœ¬è´¨ä¼ 统观点的挑战。
  C,简化è¯è¨€è¯æ³•结构的方法。
  D,明晰对è¯è¨€èµ·æº�的误解的å°�试。
  本题旨在考查段的第三å�¥è¯�:They offer a new way to……or whether it is a learned behavior——这是一个长å�¥ï¼Œå¤§æ„�æ˜¯è¯´æ‰‹è¯æ��供了一ç§�æ–°æ–¹å¼�æ�¥æŽ¢ç´¢å¤§è„‘生æˆ�å’Œç�†è§£è¯è¨€çš„æ–¹å¼�,å�Œæ—¶ä¹Ÿä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå�¤è€�的问题æ��供了新的æ€�维,这个å�¤è€�的问题是“è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸Žç”Ÿä¿±æ�¥çš„还是å�Žå¤©ä¹ å¾—çš„â€�。
  Aä¾§é‡�于è¯è¨€çš„å¦ä¹ ,指如何掌æ�¡ã€�è¿�用è¯è¨€ï¼Œä½†åŽŸæ–‡ä¸æœ‰å…³å¤§è„‘如何生æˆ�è¯è¨€è¿™äº›å†…容显然比è¯è¨€å¦ä¹ è¦�深奥得多。所以A的说法ä¸�够全é�¢ã€‚
  B有一定é�“ç�†ï¼Œå› 为原文ä¸çš„大脑生æˆ�å’Œç�†è§£è¯è¨€ã€�è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸Žç”Ÿä¿±æ�¥è¿˜æ˜¯å�Žå¤©ä¹ å¾—ç‰ç‰é—®é¢˜åº”该å�¯ä»¥çœ‹ä½œæ˜¯è¯è¨€çš„æœ¬è´¨é—®é¢˜ï¼ˆnature),而原文ä¸ä½¿ç”¨äº†a new way(新方å¼�)这个è¯�组,å�¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯å¯¹æ—§æœ‰æ–¹å¼�的挑战。
  Cçš„è¯´æ³•å±žäºŽæ— ä¸ç”Ÿæœ‰ï¼Œå› 为原文出现了complete with grammar这个è¯�ç»„ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ç”Ÿé€ å‡ºä¸€ä¸ªå’Œè¯æ³•相关的选项æ�¥è¿·æƒ‘考生的视线。
  DæŠŠä¼ ç»Ÿè§‚ç‚¹è§†ä¸ºâ€œè¯¯è§£â€�æ˜¾å¾—å¤ªè¿‡æ¦æ–,从原å�¥çš„表达æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ‰‹è¯ä»…仅是æ��供了一ç§�æ–°çš„ç ”ç©¶æ–¹å¼�,至于新旧观点哪一ç§�是误解并没有å�šå‡ºè®ºæ–。
  22. C
  题目问当å‰�对符å�·è¯è¨€æ—¥æ¸�高涨的兴趣是由è°�引å�‘的。
  A,一ä½�ç ”ç©¶äººç±»å¤§è„‘çš„è‘—å��å¦è€…。
  B,一ä½�ç ”ç©¶æ–‡ç§‘çš„æ�°å‡ºä¸“家。
  C,一ä½�è�‹äººå¤§å¦çš„è‹±è¯æ•™å¸ˆã€‚
  D,美国符å�·è¯è¨€çš„å‡ ä½�高级专家。
  这é�“题考查的是段的å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�。The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher,这里的has roots inè¯�ç»„æ˜¯æŒ‡â€œæ ¹æº�于â€�,应该和题目里的stimulatedæ„�æ€�相近。å�¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°è¿™ä½�先驱者是一ä½�教师(one rebel teacherï¼‰ï¼Œå…¶æ‰€åœ¨çš„å¦æ ¡æ˜¯ä¸“门教育è�‹äººçš„æ–‡ç§‘大å¦ï¼ˆliberal arts university for deaf people)。这ä½�è€�å¸ˆæ˜¯æ•™æŽˆä»€ä¹ˆç§‘ç›®çš„å‘¢ï¼Ÿä¸‹ä¸€æ®µå¼€å¤´ç»™å‡ºäº†ç”æ¡ˆï¼šWhen Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English——科目是英è¯ã€‚è¿™æ ·ç”æ¡ˆåº”该是C。
  23. B
  题目问在Stokoe看æ�¥ï¼Œæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�……
  A,一ç§�ä¸�å�ˆæ ‡å‡†çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  B,一ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  C,一ç§�人工è¯è¨€ã€‚
  D,一ç§�国际è¯è¨€ã€‚
ã€€ã€€å€’æ•°ç¬¬äºŒæ®µä¸æœ‰ä¸€å�¥è¯�与本题相关:He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language?这里虽然使用了疑问å�¥çš„å½¢å¼�,但实际上应该是Stokoeçš„è§‚ç‚¹æ‰€åœ¨ï¼Œæ ¹æ�®æ˜¯è¯¥æ®µå�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy——如果Stokoe没有形æˆ�â€œæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€â€�çš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« å�ˆä¸ºä½•会说他的æ€�想被视为异端邪说呢?
  å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–B的说法是æ£ç¡®çš„。A的说法在文ä¸ä¹Ÿæœ‰å‡ºçŽ°ï¼Œä¸�过原文æ„�æ€�是substandard是è�‹äººè‡ªå·±çš„æƒ³æ³•,而é�žStokoe的观点。
  24. D
  题目问大多数教育家å��对Stokoeçš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ˜¯å› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬è®¤ä¸ºâ€¦â€¦
  A,手è¯å�³ä¾¿æ˜¯åœ¨è�‹äººå½“ä¸ä¹Ÿæ²¡æœ‰å¾—到广泛使用。
  B,手è¯å› 为人工色彩太强而ä¸�能被广泛接å�—。
  C,一ç§�è¯è¨€åº”该易于使用和ç�†è§£ã€‚
  D,è¯è¨€å�ªèƒ½å˜åœ¨äºŽè¯éŸ³çš„å½¢å¼�下。
  题目里的关键信æ�¯æ˜¯educators,这个å�•è¯�出现在æ��料的å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸é—´éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼šFor decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound.
  å�¥æ„�æ€�是教育家们å��对手è¯å’Œè‹±è¯ã€�法è¯ã€�æ—¥è¯ä¸€æ ·å±žäºŽè‡ªç„¶è¯è¨€ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒå�¥æŒ‡æ˜Žäº†æ•™è‚²å®¶ä»¬è‡ªå·±çš„观点:è¯è¨€å¿…须基于è¯è¨€ã€‚Be based on是“以……为基础â€�çš„æ„�æ€�,æ„�义ç‰å�ŒäºŽD所说的only existï¼Œè¿™æ ·D的说法就和原文一致,是æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  Aã€�Bã€�C三个说法在文ä¸éƒ½æ‰¾ä¸�到ç�€è�½ç‚¹ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥å¾ˆå®¹æ˜“地排除。
  25. D
  题目问Stokoe的论点基于他的什么想法。
  A,手è¯å’Œå…¶ä»–è¯è¨€çš„æ•ˆç”¨ä¸€æ ·ã€‚
  B,手è¯ç”±è‡ªç„¶è¯è¨€å�‘展而æ�¥ã€‚
  C,è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�有æ„�义的符å�·ç³»ç»Ÿã€‚
  D,è¯è¨€æ˜¯å¤§è„‘的产物。
  首先需è¦�明确这里所问的Stokoe的论点是什么,è�½è„šç‚¹åœ¨æ–‡ç« 的什么地方。鉴于本题是å�Žä¸€é¢˜ï¼Œè€ƒæŸ¥æ��æ–™å�Žéƒ¨åˆ†çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å¾ˆå¤§ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥åº”该先观察文末。
  å�¯ä»¥å�‘现But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space这一å�¥ã€‚该å�¥æ„�æ€�上和å‰�é�¢æ•™è‚²å®¶ä»¬çš„观点æ�°å¥½ç›¸å��,应该就是Stokoeçš„è®ºç‚¹ã€‚é‚£ä¹ˆä»–çš„è¿™ä¸€è®ºç‚¹åŸºäºŽä½•å¤„ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆä¹Ÿåº”该在å�Žä¸€æ®µå¯»æ‰¾ã€‚å�Žæ–‡å¼•用了Stokoe的原è¯�,æ��到language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff,大体æ„�æ€�是è¯è¨€ä¸�是嘴上的东西,而是脑å�的东西,æž�有å�¯èƒ½å°±æ˜¯ç”案所在。观察四个选项,D的说法和it’s brain stuffæ„�义基本一致,å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–D就是æ£ç¡®ç”案。å†�è§‚å¯Ÿå…¶ä»–ä¸‰ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« å…³äºŽStokoeçš„å�™è¿°ä¸éƒ½æ²¡æœ‰æ��到过,å�¯ä»¥æŽ’除。
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born with, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people.
  When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher.
  Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (æ··æ�‚英è¯). But Stokoe believed the “hand talkâ€� his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? It was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing as “substandardâ€�. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说).
  It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,� Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.�
  21. The study of sign language is thought to be ________.
  A) a new way to look at the learning of language
  B) a challenge to traditional views on the nature of language
  C) an approach to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language
  D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language(C)
  22. The present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ________.
  A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain
  B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts
  C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf
  D) some senior experts in American Sign Language(C)
  23. According to Stokoe, sign language is ________.
  A) a Substandard language
  B) a genuine language
  C) an artificial language
  D) an international language(B)
  24. Most educators objected to Stokoe’s idea because they thought ________.
  A) sign language was not extensively used even by deaf people
  B) sign language was too artificial to be widely accepted
  C) a language should be easy to use and understand
  D) a language could only exist in the form of speech sounds(D)
  25. Stokoe’s argument is based on his belief that ________.
  A) sign language is as efficient as any other language
  B) sign language is derived from natural language
  C) language is a system of meaningful codes
  D) language is a product of the brain(D)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« å†…å®¹æ ¸å¿ƒæ˜¯æ‰‹è¯ï¼Œä»¥ä¸€ä½�手è¯ä¸“å®¶çš„ç ”ç©¶åŽ†ç¨‹ä¸ºçº¿ç´¢ï¼Œç²—ç•¥ä»‹ç»�了手è¯ç ”ç©¶çš„æ–°è§‚ç‚¹ï¼šæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ç‹¬ç«‹äºŽè¯éŸ³çš„å�¦ä¸€ç§�è¯è¨€ã€‚æ��料一共四段。开头介ç»�了手è¯ç ”究的进展以å�Šæ„�义,“进展â€�指过去的20å¹´ç ”ç©¶äººå‘˜å�‘现了手è¯çš„独特性(realized that signed languages are unique),æ„�义是指手è¯çš„这一å�‘çŽ°ä¸ºç ”ç©¶å¤§è„‘å¦‚ä½•åº”ç”¨ä¸Žç�†è§£è¯è¨€å¼€è¾Ÿäº†æ–°çš„æ–¹å�‘(a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language),å�Œæ—¶ä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå�¤è€�的科å¦è®ºé¢˜å¸¦æ�¥äº†æ–°çš„希望:è¯è¨€åˆ°åº•是天生的还是å�Žå¤©ä¹ 得的(whether language……is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior)。之å�Žï¼Œæ–‡ç« 简å�•介ç»�äº†è¿™ä¸€ç ”ç©¶å�‘现的先驱人物,以å�Žçš„内容全部都是围绕这ä½�å…ˆé©±çš„ç ”ç©¶ç»�历展开的。
  段末介ç»�了这ä½�先驱人物Stokoe的基本信æ�¯ï¼šå�Žç››é¡¿ç‰¹åŒºä¸€æ‰€è�‹äººå¤§å¦çš„æ•™å¸ˆã€‚第二段便从他的教å¦ç»�历讲起,谈到他被安排教授手è¯å�Žå�‘现了一个奇怪的现象:å¦ç”Ÿä»¬çš„动作与教他的è€�师所讲的并ä¸�ä¸€æ ·ï¼ˆstudents signed differently from his classroom teacher)。这就是新å�‘现的契机。
  接下æ�¥ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 先是简å�•è¯´æ˜Žä¸€ä¸‹å½“æ—¶çš„æ‰‹è¯æ•™è‚²çŠ¶å†µï¼Œä»¥å’Œä»–çš„æ–°å�‘现作为对比。首先是承接上文所说,讲他从è€�å¸ˆé‚£é‡Œå¦æ�¥çš„æ‰‹è¯çš„基本特点:æ¯�个手势代表英è¯é‡Œçš„一个å�•è¯�(each movement of the hands representing a word in English),这å�¯ä»¥ç�†è§£ä¸ºæ‰‹è¯å®žé™…上是è¯è¨€çš„附庸。其次是人们普é��认为美国手è¯ä¸�过是一ç§�æ··æ�‚英è¯ï¼ˆthought to be no more than a form of pidgin English),这里也在强调手è¯ä»Žå±žäºŽè¯è¨€ã€‚之å�Žæ˜¯Stokoe自己的å�‘现与æ€�考:他认为å¦ç”Ÿä»¬ä½¿ç”¨çš„æ‰‹è¯æ„�义比人们的普é��观点è¦�更为丰富(the “hand talkâ€� his students used looked richer),å�Œæ—¶å�—到了å�¯å�‘:或许è�‹äººç¡®å®žæ‹¥æœ‰ä¸€ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  上一段末一å�¥è¯´Stokoe的观点在当时过于超å‰�ï¼Œè¢«è§†ä¸ºå¦æœ¯å¼‚端,å�Žä¸€æ®µæ—¶ç©ºä¸€ä¸‹è·³è½¬åˆ°äº†37年以å�Žï¼Œæ¤æ—¶çš„Stokoe忙于写作ã€�编辑ã€�出å“�ç¾Žå›½æ‰‹è¯æ–¹é�¢çš„书ç±�报刊和视频(writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials),å�Œæ—¶é¥¶æœ‰å…´è‡´åœ°ä¸ºäººè®²è¿°è¿™åœºâ€œé�©å‘½â€�是如何开始的。从这里的信æ�¯å�¯ä»¥çœ‹å‡ºï¼ŒStokoe的观点的地ä½�å·²ç»�是今é�žæ˜”比了,å�¦åˆ™å¦‚æ¤å¤šçš„出版物ä¸�会有市场需求,其称呼也ä¸�会从“异端â€�å�˜ä¸ºâ€œé�©å‘½â€�。ä¸�过,å��对观点ä¾�ç„¶å��分强大,这一派认为è¯è¨€å¿…须以è¯éŸ³ä¸ºåŸºç¡€ï¼Œæ˜¯å£°éŸ³çš„å�˜ä½“(language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound),而Stokoe则å��é©³æ‰‹è¯æ�°æ�°ä»¥æ‰‹çš„动作为基础(sign language is based on the movement of hands),讥讽é�““è¯è¨€ä¸�是嘴巴层次的东西,而是大脑层次的东西(brain stuff)。
  21. B
  题目问符å�·è¯è¨€è¢«è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯ä¸€ç§�什么。
  A,一ç§�认识è¯è¨€ä¹ 得的新方å¼�。
  B,对è¯è¨€æœ¬è´¨ä¼ 统观点的挑战。
  C,简化è¯è¨€è¯æ³•结构的方法。
  D,明晰对è¯è¨€èµ·æº�的误解的å°�试。
  本题旨在考查段的第三å�¥è¯�:They offer a new way to……or whether it is a learned behavior——这是一个长å�¥ï¼Œå¤§æ„�æ˜¯è¯´æ‰‹è¯æ��供了一ç§�æ–°æ–¹å¼�æ�¥æŽ¢ç´¢å¤§è„‘生æˆ�å’Œç�†è§£è¯è¨€çš„æ–¹å¼�,å�Œæ—¶ä¹Ÿä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå�¤è€�的问题æ��供了新的æ€�维,这个å�¤è€�的问题是“è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸Žç”Ÿä¿±æ�¥çš„还是å�Žå¤©ä¹ å¾—çš„â€�。
  Aä¾§é‡�于è¯è¨€çš„å¦ä¹ ,指如何掌æ�¡ã€�è¿�用è¯è¨€ï¼Œä½†åŽŸæ–‡ä¸æœ‰å…³å¤§è„‘如何生æˆ�è¯è¨€è¿™äº›å†…容显然比è¯è¨€å¦ä¹ è¦�深奥得多。所以A的说法ä¸�够全é�¢ã€‚
  B有一定é�“ç�†ï¼Œå› 为原文ä¸çš„大脑生æˆ�å’Œç�†è§£è¯è¨€ã€�è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸Žç”Ÿä¿±æ�¥è¿˜æ˜¯å�Žå¤©ä¹ å¾—ç‰ç‰é—®é¢˜åº”该å�¯ä»¥çœ‹ä½œæ˜¯è¯è¨€çš„æœ¬è´¨é—®é¢˜ï¼ˆnature),而原文ä¸ä½¿ç”¨äº†a new way(新方å¼�)这个è¯�组,å�¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯å¯¹æ—§æœ‰æ–¹å¼�的挑战。
  Cçš„è¯´æ³•å±žäºŽæ— ä¸ç”Ÿæœ‰ï¼Œå› 为原文出现了complete with grammar这个è¯�ç»„ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥ç”Ÿé€ å‡ºä¸€ä¸ªå’Œè¯æ³•相关的选项æ�¥è¿·æƒ‘考生的视线。
  DæŠŠä¼ ç»Ÿè§‚ç‚¹è§†ä¸ºâ€œè¯¯è§£â€�æ˜¾å¾—å¤ªè¿‡æ¦æ–,从原å�¥çš„表达æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ‰‹è¯ä»…仅是æ��供了一ç§�æ–°çš„ç ”ç©¶æ–¹å¼�,至于新旧观点哪一ç§�是误解并没有å�šå‡ºè®ºæ–。
  22. C
  题目问当å‰�对符å�·è¯è¨€æ—¥æ¸�高涨的兴趣是由è°�引å�‘的。
  A,一ä½�ç ”ç©¶äººç±»å¤§è„‘çš„è‘—å��å¦è€…。
  B,一ä½�ç ”ç©¶æ–‡ç§‘çš„æ�°å‡ºä¸“家。
  C,一ä½�è�‹äººå¤§å¦çš„è‹±è¯æ•™å¸ˆã€‚
  D,美国符å�·è¯è¨€çš„å‡ ä½�高级专家。
  这é�“题考查的是段的å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�。The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher,这里的has roots inè¯�ç»„æ˜¯æŒ‡â€œæ ¹æº�于â€�,应该和题目里的stimulatedæ„�æ€�相近。å�¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°è¿™ä½�先驱者是一ä½�教师(one rebel teacherï¼‰ï¼Œå…¶æ‰€åœ¨çš„å¦æ ¡æ˜¯ä¸“门教育è�‹äººçš„æ–‡ç§‘大å¦ï¼ˆliberal arts university for deaf people)。这ä½�è€�å¸ˆæ˜¯æ•™æŽˆä»€ä¹ˆç§‘ç›®çš„å‘¢ï¼Ÿä¸‹ä¸€æ®µå¼€å¤´ç»™å‡ºäº†ç”æ¡ˆï¼šWhen Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English——科目是英è¯ã€‚è¿™æ ·ç”æ¡ˆåº”该是C。
  23. B
  题目问在Stokoe看æ�¥ï¼Œæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�……
  A,一ç§�ä¸�å�ˆæ ‡å‡†çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  B,一ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€ã€‚
  C,一ç§�人工è¯è¨€ã€‚
  D,一ç§�国际è¯è¨€ã€‚
ã€€ã€€å€’æ•°ç¬¬äºŒæ®µä¸æœ‰ä¸€å�¥è¯�与本题相关:He wondered: Might deaf people actually have a genuine language?这里虽然使用了疑问å�¥çš„å½¢å¼�,但实际上应该是Stokoeçš„è§‚ç‚¹æ‰€åœ¨ï¼Œæ ¹æ�®æ˜¯è¯¥æ®µå�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy——如果Stokoe没有形æˆ�â€œæ‰‹è¯æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�真æ£çš„è¯è¨€â€�çš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« å�ˆä¸ºä½•会说他的æ€�想被视为异端邪说呢?
  å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–B的说法是æ£ç¡®çš„。A的说法在文ä¸ä¹Ÿæœ‰å‡ºçŽ°ï¼Œä¸�过原文æ„�æ€�是substandard是è�‹äººè‡ªå·±çš„æƒ³æ³•,而é�žStokoe的观点。
  24. D
  题目问大多数教育家å��对Stokoeçš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ˜¯å› ä¸ºä»–ä»¬è®¤ä¸ºâ€¦â€¦
  A,手è¯å�³ä¾¿æ˜¯åœ¨è�‹äººå½“ä¸ä¹Ÿæ²¡æœ‰å¾—到广泛使用。
  B,手è¯å› 为人工色彩太强而ä¸�能被广泛接å�—。
  C,一ç§�è¯è¨€åº”该易于使用和ç�†è§£ã€‚
  D,è¯è¨€å�ªèƒ½å˜åœ¨äºŽè¯éŸ³çš„å½¢å¼�下。
  题目里的关键信æ�¯æ˜¯educators,这个å�•è¯�出现在æ��料的å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸é—´éƒ¨åˆ†ï¼šFor decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation of sound.
  å�¥æ„�æ€�是教育家们å��对手è¯å’Œè‹±è¯ã€�法è¯ã€�æ—¥è¯ä¸€æ ·å±žäºŽè‡ªç„¶è¯è¨€ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒå�¥æŒ‡æ˜Žäº†æ•™è‚²å®¶ä»¬è‡ªå·±çš„观点:è¯è¨€å¿…须基于è¯è¨€ã€‚Be based on是“以……为基础â€�çš„æ„�æ€�,æ„�义ç‰å�ŒäºŽD所说的only existï¼Œè¿™æ ·D的说法就和原文一致,是æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  Aã€�Bã€�C三个说法在文ä¸éƒ½æ‰¾ä¸�到ç�€è�½ç‚¹ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥å¾ˆå®¹æ˜“地排除。
  25. D
  题目问Stokoe的论点基于他的什么想法。
  A,手è¯å’Œå…¶ä»–è¯è¨€çš„æ•ˆç”¨ä¸€æ ·ã€‚
  B,手è¯ç”±è‡ªç„¶è¯è¨€å�‘展而æ�¥ã€‚
  C,è¯è¨€æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�有æ„�义的符å�·ç³»ç»Ÿã€‚
  D,è¯è¨€æ˜¯å¤§è„‘的产物。
  首先需è¦�明确这里所问的Stokoe的论点是什么,è�½è„šç‚¹åœ¨æ–‡ç« 的什么地方。鉴于本题是å�Žä¸€é¢˜ï¼Œè€ƒæŸ¥æ��æ–™å�Žéƒ¨åˆ†çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å¾ˆå¤§ï¼Œæ‰€ä»¥åº”该先观察文末。
  å�¯ä»¥å�‘现But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space这一å�¥ã€‚该å�¥æ„�æ€�上和å‰�é�¢æ•™è‚²å®¶ä»¬çš„观点æ�°å¥½ç›¸å��,应该就是Stokoeçš„è®ºç‚¹ã€‚é‚£ä¹ˆä»–çš„è¿™ä¸€è®ºç‚¹åŸºäºŽä½•å¤„ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆä¹Ÿåº”该在å�Žä¸€æ®µå¯»æ‰¾ã€‚å�Žæ–‡å¼•用了Stokoe的原è¯�,æ��到language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff,大体æ„�æ€�是è¯è¨€ä¸�是嘴上的东西,而是脑å�的东西,æž�有å�¯èƒ½å°±æ˜¯ç”案所在。观察四个选项,D的说法和it’s brain stuffæ„�义基本一致,å�¯ä»¥åˆ¤æ–D就是æ£ç¡®ç”案。å†�è§‚å¯Ÿå…¶ä»–ä¸‰ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« å…³äºŽStokoeçš„å�™è¿°ä¸éƒ½æ²¡æœ‰æ��到过,å�¯ä»¥æŽ’除。
  çƒé—¨æŽ¨è��:
  历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2002-2004)
  2011å¹´12月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
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