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历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2002-2004)

  Passage Three
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village� where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.
  Deeply involved with this new technology is a breed of modern businesspeople who have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad. In modern markets, success overseas often helps support domestic business efforts.
  Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks. The executive stationed in another country no longer need fear being “out of sight and out of mind.� He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad. If an employee can succeed in a difficult assignment overseas, superiors will have greater confidence in his or her ability to cope back in the United States where cross-cultural considerations and foreign language issues are becoming more and more prevalent (普�的).
  Thanks to a variety of relatively inexpensive communications devices with business applications, even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets.
  English is still the international language of business. But there is an ever-growing need for people who can speak another language. A second language isn’t generally required to get a job in business, but having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal
  The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations, and cam have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly. The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.
  21. What is the author’s attitude toward high-tech communications equipment?
  A) Critical.
  B) Prejudiced.
  C) Indifferent.
  D) Positive.(D)
  22. With the increased use of high-tech communications equipment, businesspeople ________.
  A) have to get familiar with modern technology
  B) are gaining more economic benefits from domestic operations
  C) are attaching more importance to their overseas business
  D) are eager to work overseas(C)
  23. In this passage, “out of sight and out of mind� (Lines 2-3, Para. 3) probably means ________.
  A) being unable to think properly for lack of insight
  B) being totally out of touch with business at home
  C) missing opportunities for promotion when abroad
  D) leaving all care and worry behind(C)
  24. According to the passage, what is an important consideration of international corporations in employing people today?
  A) Connections with businesses overseas.
  B) Ability to speak the client’s language.
  C) Technical know-how.
  D) Business experience.(B)
  25. The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can ________.
  A) better control the whole negotiation process
  B) easily find new approaches to meet market needs
  C) fast-forward their proposals to headquarters
  D) easily make friends with businesspeople abroad(A)
  这篇�料的核心内容应该是外语能力在国际商业中的作用,�过因为出题篇幅有�,出题者�选�了原�料的六个段�,在这些段�中,对“外语能力在国际商业中的 作用�的论述并没有完全展开,论述的�心�在了中心论题的���件——如国际商业的��性和易行性上,仅仅在�两段�到了外语能力的作用。
  文章段是一个概括性的段�,先是概述中心论题的�件:新技术所带�的交�方�如传真�电���星等使地���(countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link);而�简�点出了论点:外语能力使我们更加�益于高技术(is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills)。
  段没有说明外语能力为什么会使我们更加�益于高技术,或者说使我们在哪些方��益,二�三�四段回答了这个问题。
  第二段指出,一些现代商业人士与这些新技术密 切相关,他们对跨国商业的�济价值�分看�。现代市场中,海外市场的�功往往会对国内业务起到很好的支撑作用。这一段没有�到新技术,与外语能力也无关 系,但�好就是这二者间的�系点,也就是外语能力在什么情况下�益于高技术。下一段对此进行了详细的论述。
  海外项目对��们��的��性越�越强(advancement within executive ranks,表���是在执行��头衔中的�进,也就是从低层�����高层上�的��)。驻外��们已�没有�顾之忧(out of sight,应该指的是�入高层管�人士的法眼�进而得到��机会的��),海外业务往往�为公��功机会的核心,����若被分�了海外业务,那么�能就直接�味���机会(that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad)。而如果这����功地完�一项难度很高的海外业务,那么高层人士对他或她必然�眼相看,对其�功处�美国国内业务的能力信心大增(superiors will have greater confidence)。Where引导的从�实际上是海外业务�功所必备的素质:跨文化�考问题的能力和外语能力。这就把外语能力和海外业务�系起�了。
  下一段则开始把海外业务也和新技术�系起�。因为用于商业的信�交�设备的廉价,商业�业�以普�地进入国际市场(even small businesses in the United States are able to get into international markets)。
  三方关系终于�顺,接下�就�以正�论述外语能力的��性了。英语�然是国际商业通用语言,但讲外语的需求正在增长。外语能力并�是商业领域求�必备的能力,但在�个求�者水平相当的情况下就会显现出优势(edge通常是“边缘�,在这里是“优势�的��)。
  上一段讲的是求�,那么对于在�者有何好处呢?国外驻�者(employee posted abroad):加速谈判进程,并知�何时应该�慢速度。国内工作者(employee at the home office):能与国外客户通过电��传真交�,这对公��说是一笔财富。
  21. D
  这�题问作者对高技术交�设备采�何��度。
  A,批评的�度。
  B,�有��。
  C,无所谓。
  D,积�的�度。
  这�题比较简�,从文中的�述�看,没有出现对高技术交�设备的��论述,基本全部论述其积�影�,如开头的our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment,这里所用的benefit已�直接表明我们会从这�设备中�益。二三四段讲的是较高的外语能力使我们如何�益于高技术,�然是�益。所以,本文作者对高技术交�设备的�度是积�肯定的。四个选项中�三个都具有�定�义,D的说法为准确。
  22. C
  本题问��高技术交�设备更多地得到使用,商业人士……
  A,必须熟悉现代技术。
  B,通过国内业务赚�更多的�济利益。
  C,更加�视海外业务。
  D,渴望到海外工作。
  文章首次�到business people是在第二段,称他们have a growing respect for the economic value of doing business abroad,��是对海外业务的�济价值的认�正在增加。
  第三段的内容中心�然和business people有关,大�是海外业务对business people的���常有利。此�的内容与business people的关系就��紧密了,�以认为本题的答案就在第二和第三段中。
  A的说法有一定��,但在文中没有直接�到,所以�能算贴切,还应该继续看BCD有无更为贴切的说法。B的说法与文章的论述正好相�,应该是海外业务正给他们带�更多收益。
  C的说法为��,因为第二段已�说明business people认�了海外业务的�济价值,第三段认�了海外业务所能带�的仕途价值,这两点共�说明business people对海外业务的�视。
  D的说法也有一定��,但和A一样,该说法在文中没有直接的�脚点,相对C�说还�够贴切。
  23. C
  题目问文章中out of sight and out of mind一�很�能是什么��。
  A,因缺少洞察力而�能正确地�考。
  B,与国内业务完全无关。
  C,任�国外时失去��的机会。
  D,完全置之度外。
  这�考查短语或����的题需�结�上下文�考,需��考的上下文一般���一两���。�一�是Overseas assignments are becoming increasingly important to advancement within executive ranks,��较好�解,��是海外�务对于管�人员的��越�越��了。这一�是第三段的首�,�能具有总领全�的作用,所以�步判断本题所问�能和��有关。该短语所在�的��是驻守外国的管�人员无需�担心out of sight and out of mind。之�的一�是He or she can be sure that the overseas effort is central to the company’s plan for success, and that promotions often follow or accompany an assignment abroad,大�是海外业务对公�的�功是至关��的,而海外任�往往�味�一次��机会。
  从上下文大��看,确实是在讲述海外任�和����的关系。文中的观点是海外任�有助于����,那么out of sight�能就是指自己的业绩�入领导的视野,out of mind就是指有了��机会时,海外高管从��在领导的考虑之列。符�这个��的是C。
  24. B
  题目问根�文中所述,如今的跨国公�在雇佣员工时把什么�件作为一项��的考虑。
  A,与海外业务的�系。
  B,会讲客户的语言。
  C,技术知识。
  D,商务�验。
  纵观这四个选项,似乎都有些��,�过�能有一个是和原文�系紧密的。因为上一题已�考查过第三段,所以与本题相关的内容必定在第三段之�。
  第四段讲的是便宜的通讯设备�低了国际业务的门槛,使��业也能�与国际业务。这里没有讲述任何有关员工的问题,所以答案�在第四段。
  第五段开头先讲到英语作为国际通用语的��作用,但马上�锋一转,指出会讲客户的语言越�越�到�视。此�则直截了当地表示语言技能会增加应�者被�用的机会:having language skills gives a candidate the edge when other qualifications appear to be equal,这里的edge就是指的优势。
  看到这里应该�以为本题�出解答了,B是正确选项。
  25. A
  题目问具备外语技能的员工具有一定的优势,这些优势是指什么。
  A,能够更好地控制整个谈判的进程。
  B,容易�现满足市场需求的新途径。
  C,能使他们的建议很快地�达总部。
  D,容易和国外商务人士结交朋�。
  全文还有�一段没有考查,从四个题支�看,本题�是考查对全篇的�解,则必然在考查�一段。
  �一段共两��,第二�是对具备外语能力的员工的价值的评述:asset
  to the firm(�常有用的资产),这一�应该和本题无关。解答本题关键�看��。这��的主语�常长:The employee posted abroad who speaks the country’s principal language,��是能够说当地语言的海外员工。下文对这样的员工有两点�述,一是有机会把�些谈判快速推进(has an opportunity to fast-forward certain negotiations),二是具有文化洞察力,知�何时该把谈判放慢(can have the cultural insight to know when it is better to move more slowly)。这两点都是和谈判有关,一快一慢,也就是如何把�谈判的节�。
  四个选项中A的��与此为接近。C有一点迷惑性,因为原文中也出现了fast-forward一�,�过原文宾语是“谈判�,说海外雇员和总部谈判显然是�对的。

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