233ÍøÐ£- Ó¢ÓïËļ¶Ó¢ÓïËļ¶

±¨¿¼
您现在的ä½�置:233网校 >> 英语四级考试 >> 阅读 >> 阅读真题 >> æ–‡ç« å†…容

历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2002-2004)

  2002.6
  Passage One
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  In the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that any major change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member� were high on the list, but so were some positive life-changing events, like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with. And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy.
  By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow, the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness!� If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy, the articles said, avoid stressful events.
  But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many—like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription (处方) for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move.
  The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable (脆弱的) and passive in the face of adversity (逆境). But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain.
  21. The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tells us ________.
  A) the way you handle major events may cause stress
  B) what should be done to avoid stress
  C) what kind of event would cause stress
  D) how to cope with sudden changes in life(C)
  22. The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ________.
  A) widespread concern over its harmful effects
  B) great panic over the mental disorder it could cause
  C) an intensive research into stress-related illnesses
  D) popular avoidance of stressful jobs(A)
  23. The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ________.
  A) how much pressure you are under
  B) how positive events can change your life
  C) how stressful a major event can be
  D) how you can deal with life-changing events(A)
  24. Why is “such simplistic advice� (Line 1, Para. 3) impossible to follow?
  A) No one can stay on the same job for long.
  B) No prescription is effective in relieving stress.
  C) People have to get married someday.
  D) You could be missing opportunities as well.(D)
  25. According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ________.
  A) nervous when faced with difficulties
  B) physically and mentally strained
  C) more capable of coping with adversity
  D) indifferent toward what happens to them(C)
  这篇�料讲了一个压力对人是�有害的问题。文章从六�年代一项有关压力的医学研究讲起,称研究的结果是any major change can be stressful(任何大的��都会引起压力)。文章��对这个结论�了解释,称这�大的���以是消�事件,如家人患�病(Negative events like “serious illness of a family member�),但也�以是积�事件,如结婚等(positive life-changing events, like marriag)。作者由此分�了这项研究的特点,其所涉�的�是如何应对压力,而是压力的多少问题(it only shows how much you have to deal with)。段的�一�具有承上�下的作用,作者说我们现在知�,处�压力事件的方�会�大地影�人的�康程度(the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy),暗示�文�对如何应对压力展开论述。
   第二段�两�讲到,七�年代�,类似的研究大�出现,并�到了人们广泛的关注。这�以说是促�了“如何应对压力�这一问题的答案的产生。一家�志称 压力会引�疾病,��身心�康的方法就是�开压力事件(If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy avoid stressful events)。
   这家�志的两个观点在作者看�并�正确,作者在��的两段里对�志的观点进行了�驳。第三段首先�驳的是“��身心�康的方法就是�开压力事件�这 一观点。首先,许多压力事件无法��,比如所爱之人的去世(like the death of a loved one—are impossible to avoid)。第二,回�压力事件的确会消除困扰,但�时也失去了相应的机会(staying away from opportunities as well as trouble)。比如,一个人如果想彻底和压力�缘,那他就失去了结婚�生��转����的机会。
   �一段�驳了“压力会引�疾病�的观点。首先,这一观点预设了一个��,�我们在逆境��都是�堪一击的(we’re all vulnerable and passive in the face of adversity),这就忽视了人类的能动性和创造性。事实上,人们在�功应对压力之�,往往会增强身心的活力(Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before)。第二,长时期的一����回�挑战,也会使人产生厌倦感,导致身心�伤(can lead to boredom, and physical and metal strain)。
  21. C
  题目问Holmes-Rahe的医学研究结果告诉我们什么。
  文章对这一研究的说明是在段,本题�是题,所以答案应该在段就�找到。
  A,你处���事件的方��能会引�压力。这一选项应该与段�一�有关:And we now know that the way you handle these events dramatically affects your chances of staying healthy,因为这里也出现了“方��(way)问题。需�注�的是这一�出现了now一�,表示that引导的观点是如今的想法,而�是六�年的医学研究的�果。
  B,为��压力应如何去�。纵观段,没有出现��压力的内容。
  C,何�事件会引�压力。段��指出这项研究的结果是一张压力事件的清�,言下之�也就是什么事件会引�压力。那么到底什么样的事件会引�压力呢?第二�给出答案:any major change can be stressful,任何大的事件。由此��,该项研究的结果�好告诉了我们C所说的内容。
  D,如何应对人生中的剧烈�化。文中说得很清楚:——does not reflect how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with,该研究�映的�是如何应对压力,而是�应对多少压力。  
  22. A
  文章�到七�年代的研究是在第二段。�指出相似研究广泛开展。第二�说明了这些研究的影�:millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports,这一�和A的表述基本一致。Millions与widespread对应,worried 和concern对应,��的是原文没有说明压力是�存在有害影�。Harmful effects的��在�文�以找到:Stress causes illness,压力会引�疾病。这样的�,A的说法与文章所述完全一致,应该选择A。
  B所说的panic(�慌)与文中的worry(担忧)��相�较远;�外,文中mentally healthy是笼统说法,精神疾病��得就是mental disorder(精神紊乱)。
  C说法在文中没有�到。
  第二段�一�出现了avoid stressful events,但这是�志的一项建议,该建议是�被人们广泛采纳在文中没有说明,�能凭空推�。因此D�对。
  23. A
  题目问Holmes-Rahe测试的分数说明什么。
  A,你承�了多少压力。
  B,积�事件会在多大程度上改�你的生活。
  C,一个��事件�以带�多大的压力。
  D,你�以如何�应对那些改�生活的事件。
  注�段When you take theHolmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress—it only shows how much you have to deal with这�,这����很容易�解:当你�加这项测试时,你必须记�,分数并��映你如何应对压力,它仅仅显示出你�应对多少压力。这��与题目相关性 很强,出现了score(分数)一�,�以说是题目的直接答案。A的说法与此一致,应该选A;D的说法正好是该�所�定的,直接排除。B�到的积�事件是 作者举出的一个例�,用�说明无论积�事件还是消�事件都会给人带�巨大压力。文章并没有论述积�事件改�生活的程度。C有一定的迷惑性,原因就是对原文 中how much的�解容易出现�差,一��心就会�解�“多大�而�是“多少�。文中pressure是��数��,表示它的多少用how much。之所以�能�解为“多大�,是因为第二�和第三�已�说明了测试的结果:所有大事件都�以带�压力——这实际上说的就是压力的多少而�是多大。
  24. D
  题目问such simplistic advice(如此简�的建议)为何��能采纳。
  A,没有人�以在�一份工作上干很长时间。
  B,在缓解压力的问题上没有有效的�方。
  C,人们总会在�一天结婚。
  D,�时你也会失去机会。
  such simplistic advice is impossible to follow是第三段的总起�,起�概括第三段段�的作用。其�的三��表达了两�论��支�总起�。�是许多压力事件是根本无法��的(如the death of a loved one)。第二�是回�压力的�时也错失了机会(staying away from opportunities as well as trouble),第三��为第二�举了具体的例�,�一个害怕压力的人�怕就��结婚生��跳槽��了。
  A的说法在这二�中没有�到,�以排除。B考查对第三��的�解,C考查对�一�的�解,但都是错误的。D的说法�好是文中所述的第二个论�。
  25. C
  题目问根�这篇�料,�历过人生起�的人们�能会……
  A,�对困难时会感到紧张。
  B,精神上�肉体上都会感到紧张。
  C,更能应对困境。
  D,对�生在身上的事情无动于衷。
  �一题往往考查对�一段或者全篇的�解,从题干中的ups and downs�看,因为�文没有明确论述过ups and downs,所以本题考查�一段的�能性大。而观察四个题支,其所述内容在��几段基本没有��,由此�以断定本题答案在�一段。
  �一段�以找到一��和题干所述的�义�常接近:Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before。这里的come through periods of stress应该等�于experienced ups and downs,而with more physical and mental vigor than they had before则是�历过人生起��的结果,也就是肉体和精神上更具活力。
  四个选项中C的说法与此为接近。B较有迷惑性,但�注�strained是指紧张的�疲倦的,和文�的“更有活力��好相�。

  编辑推�:
  2011年12月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总
  2011年6月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总

责编:tanj  è¯„论  çº é”™

课程�费试�
¿Î³ÌרҵÃû³Æ ½²Ê¦ Ô­¼Û/ÓÅ»Ý¼Û Ãâ·ÑÌåÑé ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨°üÀ¨Óï·¨¡¢´Ê»ã¡¢·­Ò룩 ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨ÔĶÁÀí½â£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨ÌýÁ¦£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨Ð´×÷£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû