历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2002-2004)
- 第1页:2002.1�Passageone
- 第2页:2002.1�PassageTwo
- 第3页:2002.1�PassageThree
- 第4页:2002.1�PassageFour
- 第5页:2002.6-Passage One
- 第6页:2002.6-Passage Two
- 第7页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第8页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第9页:2003.1-Passage One
  2003.9
  Passage One
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
  The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
  Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior� than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.� Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.�
  Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使…缓解) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
  Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice (新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 (without the presence of an adult over 25) for the first six months.
  21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
  A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
  B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
  C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
  D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.(B)
  22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________.
  A) their frequent driving at night
  B) their improper way of driving
  C) their lack of driving experience
  D) their driving with passengers(C)
  23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
  A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
  B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
  C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
  D) The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.(D)
  24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that ________.
  A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
  B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
  C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
  D) the licensing system should be improved(D)
  25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
  A) is under discussion
  B) is about to be set up
  C) has been put into effect
  D) has been perfected(C)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« è®²çš„æ˜¯é�’少年驾车车祸æ»äº¡çŽ‡è¿‡é«˜çš„é—®é¢˜ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ€»å…±äº”ä¸ªæ®µè�½ï¼ŒåŸºæœ¬å‘ˆçŽ°äº†ä¸€ä¸ªâ€œæ��出问题â€�ã€�“分æž�åŽŸå› â€�ã€�“解决办法â€�ä¸‰æ¥æ ¼å±€ã€‚这也是论说文常用的结构,了解这ç§�结构对于ç�†è§£æ–‡ç« çš„æ„�义是有好处的。
  å‰�两段æ��出问题,问题通常是具体的问题,作者å�ªéœ€ä»¥ä¾‹ä¸¾çš„æ–¹å¼�å�‘读者呈现问题就å�¯ä»¥äº†ã€‚开头先是交代了获知问题的æ�¥æº�:美国医å¦å��会æ�‚å¿—ä¸Šçš„ä¸€ç¯‡ç ”ç©¶ï¼ˆJournal of the American Medical Association)。这æ�¡ä¿¡æ�¯å�¯ä»¥è¯´ä¸€ç®å�Œé›•,既能表明这一问题的严é‡�性(å�¦åˆ™ä¸€ä¸ªåŒ»å¦å��会ä¸�ä¼šè¿›è¡Œç ”ç©¶ï¼‰ï¼Œå�ˆä¸�必多费篇幅去è¯�明这一问题的真实性ã€�æ™®é��性(美国医å¦å��会当然具有æ�ƒå¨�性)。
  How risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver,这是一个总领å�¥ï¼Œæ„�æ€�是æ�一个é�’少年驾驶者的车是多么的å�±é™©ã€‚éš�å�Žæ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹å�,一个16å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载三四å��乘客时,其å�‘生致命事故的å�¯èƒ½æ€§æ˜¯ä»–å�•独驾车时的3å€�(a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone)。而与æ¤å¯¹åº”,30到59å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载乘客时其å�‘生致æ»è½¦ç¥¸çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å�´åœ¨é™�低(the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases)。
  下一段继ç»ä¸¾ä¾‹ã€‚é�’少年在晚上10点以å�Žé©¾è½¦çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡å¤§å¹…ä¸Šå�‡ã€‚车内å�Œæ—¶å�ˆæœ‰ä¹˜å®¢çš„è¯�,则å�‘生致æ»äº‹æ•…çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¼šæ›´é«˜ã€‚
  问题呈现完毕,接下æ�¥å°±æ˜¯åˆ†æž�åŽŸå› äº†ã€‚ä½œè€…ä»¥æ�ƒå¨�人士Robert Foss之å�£è¯´å‡ºäº†é—®é¢˜èƒŒå�Žçš„实质:higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behaviorâ€� than with just a lack of driving experience,这个å�¥å�较难ç�†è§£ï¼Œå…³é”®åœ¨äºŽå�ƒé€�have less to do with……than这个å�¥åž‹ã€‚这个å�¥åž‹çš„原型是have something to do with,æ„�æ€�是与……有关,那么have less to do with ……than就是“与……的关系ä¸�如与……的关系大â€�çš„æ„�æ€�。这å�¥è¯�想è¦�表达的æ„�æ€�å°±æ˜¯ï¼šä¸Žå°†å…¶å½’å› äºŽâ€œæ„šè ¢è¡Œä¸ºâ€�相比,用缺少驾驶ç»�验æ�¥è§£é‡Šå¦‚æ¤é«˜çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡æ›´ä¸ºå�ˆç�†ã€‚ä»–ç»§ç»åˆ†æž�é�“ï¼Œé—®é¢˜çš„æ ¹æœ¬åœ¨äºŽè´Ÿè´£å�‘放驾照的大人们没有æ„�识到驾车的å¤�æ�‚性和技术难度(fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is)。
  问题的解决方案在于使å�„å·žå�‘布“驾照分æ¥å�‘放系统â€�(graduated licensing systems),这一系统è¦�求é�’少年首先è¦�具备在æˆ�人监护下驾车的能力,éš�å�Žæ˜¯ä¹˜å®¢äººæ•°é™�制,å�Žæ˜¯å®Œå…¨ä¸�å�—é™�制地驾驶æ�ƒé™�。
  这一系统的实施情况和效果如何呢?å�Žä¸€æ®µå†™åˆ°ï¼Œå®ƒå‡�少了é�’å°‘å¹´å�¸æœºæ‰€å�‘生的车祸数é‡�(reduced teenage driver crashes)。有大约一å�Šçš„州实施了类似的系统,ä¸�过å�ªæœ‰10个州对乘客进行了é™�制(only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengersï¼‰ï¼ŒåŠ åˆ©ç¦�尼亚在这方é�¢é™�制严。
  21. B
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®æ–‡ç« 内容,下列哪ç§�情况为å�±é™©ã€‚
  关于驾车å�±é™©æ€§é—®é¢˜ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« å¼€å¤´ä¸¾çš„å‡ ä¸ªä¾‹å�䏿œ‰å……分的说明。个例å�说一个16å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载三四å��乘客时,其å�‘生致命事故的å�¯èƒ½æ€§æ˜¯ä»–å�•独驾车时的3å€�,第二个例å�说é�’少年在晚上10点以å�Žé©¾è½¦çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡å¤§å¹…ä¸Šå�‡ï¼›è½¦å†…å�Œæ—¶å�ˆæœ‰ä¹˜å®¢çš„è¯�,则å�‘生致æ»äº‹æ•…çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¼šæ›´é«˜ã€‚把这é�“é¢˜çš„å‡ ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹å’Œä¸Šé�¢çš„例å�进行对比就å�¯ä»¥æ‰¾åˆ°æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  A,夜里10点以å�Žï¼Œæˆ�年人在高速公路上驾车æ�载未æˆ�年人。例å�的说法是夜里10点以å�Žé�’少年驾车å�Œæ—¶æ�载别人的å�±é™©æ€§é«˜ï¼Œè€Œä¸�是æˆ�年人驾车。A把主体æ�žé”™äº†ã€‚
  B,一个未æˆ�年人在å�ˆå¤œå�Žé©¾è½¦ï¼Œè½¦ä¸å��有乘客。第二段的例å�æ��到了个这个说法。
  C,æˆ�年人在深夜驾车æ�载三个或三个以上未æˆ�å¹´ä¹˜å®¢ã€‚æ–‡ç« ä¾‹å�䏿��到的å�±é™©æƒ…况都为驾车人是未æˆ�年人。
  D,未æˆ�年人在å�ˆå¤œé«˜é€Ÿå…¬è·¯ä¸Šæ�载陌生人的车。这个选项体现了出题人的想象力,在现实ä¸ï¼Œæœªæˆ�年人夜间æ�载陌生人的车的确é�žå¸¸å�±é™©ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸�åœ¨æ–‡ç« çš„è®¨è®ºèŒƒå›´ã€‚
  22. C
  题目的æ„�æ€�æ˜¯æ ¹æ�®Robert Foss的说法,é�’少年驾车者的高æ»äº¡çއ䏻è¦�æ˜¯å› ä¸ºä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,他们�常在夜间驾车。
  B,他们驾驶的方���当。
  C,他们缺�驾驶�验。
  D,他们驾车æ�载了乘客。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到Robert Foss是在第三段,(Robert Foss, a scientist at the Universityï¼‰ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆç”æ¡ˆä¹Ÿå�ªèƒ½åœ¨ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µå¯»æ‰¾ï¼Œè‡³å¤šå�‚考一下第四段。æ£ç¡®ç�†è§£è¿™å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�:higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behaviorâ€� than with just a lack of driving experience——高æ»äº¡çŽ‡ä¸Žé©¾é©¶ç»�验缺失的关系比“å�šå‚»äº‹â€�更大。由æ¤å�¯è§�C所说的缺少驾驶ç»�验是æ£ç¡®çš„。
  23. D
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µçš„内容,下列哪项å�™è¿°æ˜¯æ£ç¡®çš„。
  观察第三段,是一个�是很长的段�。在�段上出题,�时�指明把考查范围�定在该段,则很有�能这个�段出现了难�。
  第三段一共å�ªæœ‰ä¸¤å�¥è¯�,上一题已ç»�考查过了å�¥ï¼Œä¸¤å�¥è¯�å�Œæ—¶è€ƒæŸ¥ä¸€å�¥è¯�çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å¾ˆå°�,所以è¦�把注æ„�力集ä¸åœ¨ç¬¬äºŒå�¥è¯�çš„ç�†è§£ä¸Šï¼Œè€Œå½»åº•了解这å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�应该结å�ˆå�Žæ–‡ã€‚第二å�¥å¼•用了Robert的原è¯�:The basic issue is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is——从å—é�¢ä¸Šçœ‹ï¼Œè¿™å�¥è¯�æ„�æ€�æ˜¯ï¼šæ ¹æœ¬é—®é¢˜æ˜¯ï¼Œè´Ÿè´£å�‘放驾照的æˆ�年人(adults who are responsible for issuing licenses)没能 (fail to)认识到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强(recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is)。
  A,é�’少年应该花更多的时间æ�¥å¦ä¹ 驾驶。å�¥å�å�Žæ��到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强,ä¸�过解决方案必定是花费更多时间å�—?ä¸�è§�得。改å�˜å�‘放驾照程åº�就是一例。
  B,å¦ä¹ 驾驶技术对于é�’å°‘å¹´æ�¥è¯´æ˜¯è¿‡äºŽå¤�æ�‚了。å�¥å�å�Žæ��到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强,ä¸�过这就æ„�味ç�€é�’å°‘å¹´ä¸�能å¦ä¹ 驾驶技术了å�—?ä¸�是,解决方案是下文æ��到的调整å�‘放驾照的程åº�。
  C,对é�’少年的驾驶å¦ä¹ ç”³è¯·åº”è¯¥åŠ ä»¥é™�制。é™�制å¦ä¹ 人数ä¸�æ˜¯è§£å†³åŠžæ³•ï¼Œæ–‡ç« ä¹Ÿæ²¡æœ‰æ��到这一点。
  D,å�‘放驾照部门应对é�’少年驾车事故负部分责任。从第二å�¥å—é�¢æ„�æ€�å�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ¨å‡ºD的结论。å�¦å¤–,å�Žæ–‡æ��出的解决方案是改å�˜ç®¡ç�†å½“局的现有政ç–,从这一点也å�¯çœ‹å‡ºç®¡ç�†å½“局应该负有一定责任。
  24.D
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®æ–‡ä¸æ��到了关于å‡�å°‘é�’少年驾车事故的措施的建议,这æ�¡å»ºè®®æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,应该把在大人监护下�能驾车制定�规则。
  B,é�’少年应被ç¦�æ¢æ�载乘客。
  C,他们�应被�许在夜里10点以�驾车。
  D,应当改进驾照�放系统。
  这é�“题比较简å�•ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„ç¬¬å››äº”ä¸¤æ®µè®²çš„éƒ½æ˜¯é©¾ç…§å�‘放系统的改进问题,应当选择D。对于Aã€�Bã€�Cæ‰€è¯´çš„å‡ æ�¡å»ºè®®ï¼Œåœ¨å�Žä¸¤æ®µä»‹ç»�的建议ä¸éƒ½å�ªå—未æ��,所以ä¸�应选择。
  25.C
  目å‰�大约一å�Šå·¦å�³çš„州的情况是驾照分æ¥å�‘放系统如何如何。
  A,æ£å¤„讨论ä¸ã€‚
  B,将�得到确立。
  C,已�起到了效果。
  D,已�得到完善。
  这é�“题考查å�Žä¸€æ®µçš„内容。å�¥Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashesçš„æ„�æ€�很明了,分æ¥å�‘放系统已ç»�å‡�å°‘é�’少年驾车事故,这说明这一系统已ç»�起到了效果,与C的说法一致。å�Žé�¢çš„一å�¥è¯�是个长å�¥ï¼Œå¤§ä½“æ„�æ€�是说一å�Šçš„州虽然实施了分æ¥å�‘放系统,但在乘客é™�制上ä¸�æ˜¯å¾ˆä¸¥æ ¼ï¼Œå�ªæœ‰åŠ åˆ©ç¦�å°¼äºšè¾ƒä¸ºä¸¥æ ¼ã€‚è¿™è¯´æ˜Žè¿™ä¸€ç³»ç»Ÿè¿˜éœ€è¦�进行完善,Då°±ä¸�å¯¹äº†ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ²¡æœ‰æ��到这一系统是å�¦æ£å¤„讨论ä¸ï¼Œä»Žå·²ç»�实施这一情况æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œåº”è¯¥æ˜¯è®¨è®ºè¿‡å¹¶å¾—åˆ°ç¡®ç«‹äº†ã€‚è¿™æ ·Aå’ŒB的说法就都是错误的。
  Passage One
  Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
  A recent study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
  The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, with passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
  Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior� than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.� Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.�
  Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使…缓解) the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
  Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies. About half of the states now have some sort of graduated licensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice (新手) driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20 (without the presence of an adult over 25) for the first six months.
  21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
  A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
  B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
  C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
  D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.(B)
  22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________.
  A) their frequent driving at night
  B) their improper way of driving
  C) their lack of driving experience
  D) their driving with passengers(C)
  23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
  A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
  B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
  C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
  D) The licensing authorities are partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.(D)
  24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that ________.
  A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
  B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
  C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
  D) the licensing system should be improved(D)
  25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
  A) is under discussion
  B) is about to be set up
  C) has been put into effect
  D) has been perfected(C)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« è®²çš„æ˜¯é�’少年驾车车祸æ»äº¡çŽ‡è¿‡é«˜çš„é—®é¢˜ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ€»å…±äº”ä¸ªæ®µè�½ï¼ŒåŸºæœ¬å‘ˆçŽ°äº†ä¸€ä¸ªâ€œæ��出问题â€�ã€�“分æž�åŽŸå› â€�ã€�“解决办法â€�ä¸‰æ¥æ ¼å±€ã€‚这也是论说文常用的结构,了解这ç§�结构对于ç�†è§£æ–‡ç« çš„æ„�义是有好处的。
  å‰�两段æ��出问题,问题通常是具体的问题,作者å�ªéœ€ä»¥ä¾‹ä¸¾çš„æ–¹å¼�å�‘读者呈现问题就å�¯ä»¥äº†ã€‚开头先是交代了获知问题的æ�¥æº�:美国医å¦å��会æ�‚å¿—ä¸Šçš„ä¸€ç¯‡ç ”ç©¶ï¼ˆJournal of the American Medical Association)。这æ�¡ä¿¡æ�¯å�¯ä»¥è¯´ä¸€ç®å�Œé›•,既能表明这一问题的严é‡�性(å�¦åˆ™ä¸€ä¸ªåŒ»å¦å��会ä¸�ä¼šè¿›è¡Œç ”ç©¶ï¼‰ï¼Œå�ˆä¸�必多费篇幅去è¯�明这一问题的真实性ã€�æ™®é��性(美国医å¦å��会当然具有æ�ƒå¨�性)。
  How risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver,这是一个总领å�¥ï¼Œæ„�æ€�是æ�一个é�’少年驾驶者的车是多么的å�±é™©ã€‚éš�å�Žæ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªä¾‹å�,一个16å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载三四å��乘客时,其å�‘生致命事故的å�¯èƒ½æ€§æ˜¯ä»–å�•独驾车时的3å€�(a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone)。而与æ¤å¯¹åº”,30到59å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载乘客时其å�‘生致æ»è½¦ç¥¸çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å�´åœ¨é™�低(the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases)。
  下一段继ç»ä¸¾ä¾‹ã€‚é�’少年在晚上10点以å�Žé©¾è½¦çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡å¤§å¹…ä¸Šå�‡ã€‚车内å�Œæ—¶å�ˆæœ‰ä¹˜å®¢çš„è¯�,则å�‘生致æ»äº‹æ•…çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¼šæ›´é«˜ã€‚
  问题呈现完毕,接下æ�¥å°±æ˜¯åˆ†æž�åŽŸå› äº†ã€‚ä½œè€…ä»¥æ�ƒå¨�人士Robert Foss之å�£è¯´å‡ºäº†é—®é¢˜èƒŒå�Žçš„实质:higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behaviorâ€� than with just a lack of driving experience,这个å�¥å�较难ç�†è§£ï¼Œå…³é”®åœ¨äºŽå�ƒé€�have less to do with……than这个å�¥åž‹ã€‚这个å�¥åž‹çš„原型是have something to do with,æ„�æ€�是与……有关,那么have less to do with ……than就是“与……的关系ä¸�如与……的关系大â€�çš„æ„�æ€�。这å�¥è¯�想è¦�表达的æ„�æ€�å°±æ˜¯ï¼šä¸Žå°†å…¶å½’å› äºŽâ€œæ„šè ¢è¡Œä¸ºâ€�相比,用缺少驾驶ç»�验æ�¥è§£é‡Šå¦‚æ¤é«˜çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡æ›´ä¸ºå�ˆç�†ã€‚ä»–ç»§ç»åˆ†æž�é�“ï¼Œé—®é¢˜çš„æ ¹æœ¬åœ¨äºŽè´Ÿè´£å�‘放驾照的大人们没有æ„�识到驾车的å¤�æ�‚性和技术难度(fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is)。
  问题的解决方案在于使å�„å·žå�‘布“驾照分æ¥å�‘放系统â€�(graduated licensing systems),这一系统è¦�求é�’少年首先è¦�具备在æˆ�人监护下驾车的能力,éš�å�Žæ˜¯ä¹˜å®¢äººæ•°é™�制,å�Žæ˜¯å®Œå…¨ä¸�å�—é™�制地驾驶æ�ƒé™�。
  这一系统的实施情况和效果如何呢?å�Žä¸€æ®µå†™åˆ°ï¼Œå®ƒå‡�少了é�’å°‘å¹´å�¸æœºæ‰€å�‘生的车祸数é‡�(reduced teenage driver crashes)。有大约一å�Šçš„州实施了类似的系统,ä¸�过å�ªæœ‰10个州对乘客进行了é™�制(only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengersï¼‰ï¼ŒåŠ åˆ©ç¦�尼亚在这方é�¢é™�制严。
  21. B
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®æ–‡ç« 内容,下列哪ç§�情况为å�±é™©ã€‚
  关于驾车å�±é™©æ€§é—®é¢˜ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« å¼€å¤´ä¸¾çš„å‡ ä¸ªä¾‹å�䏿œ‰å……分的说明。个例å�说一个16å²�çš„å�¸æœºæ�载三四å��乘客时,其å�‘生致命事故的å�¯èƒ½æ€§æ˜¯ä»–å�•独驾车时的3å€�,第二个例å�说é�’少年在晚上10点以å�Žé©¾è½¦çš„æ»äº¡çŽ‡å¤§å¹…ä¸Šå�‡ï¼›è½¦å†…å�Œæ—¶å�ˆæœ‰ä¹˜å®¢çš„è¯�,则å�‘生致æ»äº‹æ•…çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¼šæ›´é«˜ã€‚把这é�“é¢˜çš„å‡ ä¸ªé€‰é¡¹å’Œä¸Šé�¢çš„例å�进行对比就å�¯ä»¥æ‰¾åˆ°æ£ç¡®ç”案。
  A,夜里10点以å�Žï¼Œæˆ�年人在高速公路上驾车æ�载未æˆ�年人。例å�的说法是夜里10点以å�Žé�’少年驾车å�Œæ—¶æ�载别人的å�±é™©æ€§é«˜ï¼Œè€Œä¸�是æˆ�年人驾车。A把主体æ�žé”™äº†ã€‚
  B,一个未æˆ�年人在å�ˆå¤œå�Žé©¾è½¦ï¼Œè½¦ä¸å��有乘客。第二段的例å�æ��到了个这个说法。
  C,æˆ�年人在深夜驾车æ�载三个或三个以上未æˆ�å¹´ä¹˜å®¢ã€‚æ–‡ç« ä¾‹å�䏿��到的å�±é™©æƒ…况都为驾车人是未æˆ�年人。
  D,未æˆ�年人在å�ˆå¤œé«˜é€Ÿå…¬è·¯ä¸Šæ�载陌生人的车。这个选项体现了出题人的想象力,在现实ä¸ï¼Œæœªæˆ�年人夜间æ�载陌生人的车的确é�žå¸¸å�±é™©ï¼Œä½†è¿™ä¸�åœ¨æ–‡ç« çš„è®¨è®ºèŒƒå›´ã€‚
  22. C
  题目的æ„�æ€�æ˜¯æ ¹æ�®Robert Foss的说法,é�’少年驾车者的高æ»äº¡çއ䏻è¦�æ˜¯å› ä¸ºä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,他们�常在夜间驾车。
  B,他们驾驶的方���当。
  C,他们缺�驾驶�验。
  D,他们驾车æ�载了乘客。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到Robert Foss是在第三段,(Robert Foss, a scientist at the Universityï¼‰ï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆç”æ¡ˆä¹Ÿå�ªèƒ½åœ¨ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µå¯»æ‰¾ï¼Œè‡³å¤šå�‚考一下第四段。æ£ç¡®ç�†è§£è¿™å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�:higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behaviorâ€� than with just a lack of driving experience——高æ»äº¡çŽ‡ä¸Žé©¾é©¶ç»�验缺失的关系比“å�šå‚»äº‹â€�更大。由æ¤å�¯è§�C所说的缺少驾驶ç»�验是æ£ç¡®çš„。
  23. D
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µçš„内容,下列哪项å�™è¿°æ˜¯æ£ç¡®çš„。
  观察第三段,是一个�是很长的段�。在�段上出题,�时�指明把考查范围�定在该段,则很有�能这个�段出现了难�。
  第三段一共å�ªæœ‰ä¸¤å�¥è¯�,上一题已ç»�考查过了å�¥ï¼Œä¸¤å�¥è¯�å�Œæ—¶è€ƒæŸ¥ä¸€å�¥è¯�çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§å¾ˆå°�,所以è¦�把注æ„�力集ä¸åœ¨ç¬¬äºŒå�¥è¯�çš„ç�†è§£ä¸Šï¼Œè€Œå½»åº•了解这å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�应该结å�ˆå�Žæ–‡ã€‚第二å�¥å¼•用了Robert的原è¯�:The basic issue is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is——从å—é�¢ä¸Šçœ‹ï¼Œè¿™å�¥è¯�æ„�æ€�æ˜¯ï¼šæ ¹æœ¬é—®é¢˜æ˜¯ï¼Œè´Ÿè´£å�‘放驾照的æˆ�年人(adults who are responsible for issuing licenses)没能 (fail to)认识到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强(recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is)。
  A,é�’少年应该花更多的时间æ�¥å¦ä¹ 驾驶。å�¥å�å�Žæ��到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强,ä¸�过解决方案必定是花费更多时间å�—?ä¸�è§�得。改å�˜å�‘放驾照程åº�就是一例。
  B,å¦ä¹ 驾驶技术对于é�’å°‘å¹´æ�¥è¯´æ˜¯è¿‡äºŽå¤�æ�‚了。å�¥å�å�Žæ��到驾驶汽车é�žå¸¸å¤�æ�‚且技术性很强,ä¸�过这就æ„�味ç�€é�’å°‘å¹´ä¸�能å¦ä¹ 驾驶技术了å�—?ä¸�是,解决方案是下文æ��到的调整å�‘放驾照的程åº�。
  C,对é�’少年的驾驶å¦ä¹ ç”³è¯·åº”è¯¥åŠ ä»¥é™�制。é™�制å¦ä¹ 人数ä¸�æ˜¯è§£å†³åŠžæ³•ï¼Œæ–‡ç« ä¹Ÿæ²¡æœ‰æ��到这一点。
  D,å�‘放驾照部门应对é�’少年驾车事故负部分责任。从第二å�¥å—é�¢æ„�æ€�å�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ¨å‡ºD的结论。å�¦å¤–,å�Žæ–‡æ��出的解决方案是改å�˜ç®¡ç�†å½“局的现有政ç–,从这一点也å�¯çœ‹å‡ºç®¡ç�†å½“局应该负有一定责任。
  24.D
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®æ–‡ä¸æ��到了关于å‡�å°‘é�’少年驾车事故的措施的建议,这æ�¡å»ºè®®æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆã€‚
  A,应该把在大人监护下�能驾车制定�规则。
  B,é�’少年应被ç¦�æ¢æ�载乘客。
  C,他们�应被�许在夜里10点以�驾车。
  D,应当改进驾照�放系统。
  这é�“题比较简å�•ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„ç¬¬å››äº”ä¸¤æ®µè®²çš„éƒ½æ˜¯é©¾ç…§å�‘放系统的改进问题,应当选择D。对于Aã€�Bã€�Cæ‰€è¯´çš„å‡ æ�¡å»ºè®®ï¼Œåœ¨å�Žä¸¤æ®µä»‹ç»�的建议ä¸éƒ½å�ªå—未æ��,所以ä¸�应选择。
  25.C
  目å‰�大约一å�Šå·¦å�³çš„州的情况是驾照分æ¥å�‘放系统如何如何。
  A,æ£å¤„讨论ä¸ã€‚
  B,将�得到确立。
  C,已�起到了效果。
  D,已�得到完善。
  这é�“题考查å�Žä¸€æ®µçš„内容。å�¥Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashesçš„æ„�æ€�很明了,分æ¥å�‘放系统已ç»�å‡�å°‘é�’少年驾车事故,这说明这一系统已ç»�起到了效果,与C的说法一致。å�Žé�¢çš„一å�¥è¯�是个长å�¥ï¼Œå¤§ä½“æ„�æ€�是说一å�Šçš„州虽然实施了分æ¥å�‘放系统,但在乘客é™�制上ä¸�æ˜¯å¾ˆä¸¥æ ¼ï¼Œå�ªæœ‰åŠ åˆ©ç¦�å°¼äºšè¾ƒä¸ºä¸¥æ ¼ã€‚è¿™è¯´æ˜Žè¿™ä¸€ç³»ç»Ÿè¿˜éœ€è¦�进行完善,Då°±ä¸�å¯¹äº†ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ²¡æœ‰æ��到这一系统是å�¦æ£å¤„讨论ä¸ï¼Œä»Žå·²ç»�实施这一情况æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œåº”è¯¥æ˜¯è®¨è®ºè¿‡å¹¶å¾—åˆ°ç¡®ç«‹äº†ã€‚è¿™æ ·Aå’ŒB的说法就都是错误的。
  编辑推�:
  2011å¹´12月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
  2011å¹´6月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
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