历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2002-2004)
- 第1页:2002.1�Passageone
- 第2页:2002.1�PassageTwo
- 第3页:2002.1�PassageThree
- 第4页:2002.1�PassageFour
- 第5页:2002.6-Passage One
- 第6页:2002.6-Passage Two
- 第7页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第8页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第9页:2003.1-Passage One
  Passage Two
  Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
  If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
  That’s especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
  But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
  As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate (公�的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained (�制) by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, “says Scheetz.
  This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,� says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,� says Scheetz.
  26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
  A) Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities.
  B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
  C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
  D) People with special training in engineering.(C)
  27. By saying “... but the impact of a degree washes out after five years� (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
  A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
  B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
  C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now
  D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got(B)
  28. According to Scheetz’s statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
  A) people who have a strategic mind
  B) people who are talented in fine arts
  C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
  D) people who have received training in mechanics(A)
  29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
  A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
  B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
  C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
  D) they have attended special programs in management(A)
  30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
  A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
  B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
  C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
  D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.(D)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« è®²çš„æ˜¯ä½•ç§�专业在人æ‰�市场上更å�—é�’ç��çš„é—®é¢˜ã€‚åˆ°åº•ä»€ä¹ˆæ ·çš„äººæ‰�æ›´å�—é�’ç��å‘¢ï¼Ÿæ–‡ç« å®žé™…ä¸Šè®²äº†ä¸¤ä¸ªè§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œå‰�两段论述了个观点,å�³â€œä¸“å®¶â€�æ›´å�—é�’ç��ï¼›å�Žé�¢çš„三段å�ˆæ��出了与æ¤ç›¸å��的观点,“æ�‚å®¶â€�æ›´å�—é�’ç��。观点之所以ä¸�å�Œï¼Œæ˜¯å› 为它们的å‰�æ��æ�¡ä»¶ä¸�å�Œã€‚
  先�看个观点。��以说开宗明义:the best route to a job is to get specialized training,的办法是练就专业技能。而�作者�出了论�——近一项调查结果显示,商务类和医疗��类的毕业生很�公���(companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care)。
  下一段举出了更多的例å�。That’s especially true of booming fields,这里的fields应该和段的fields所指相å�Œï¼Œéƒ½æ˜¯æŒ‡å¦ç”Ÿçš„专业。急速å�‘展的领域更是炙手å�¯çƒï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªé…’店管ç�†å¦é™¢çš„æœ¬ç§‘毕业生平å�‡å�¯ä»¥æŽ¥åˆ°äº”到å…个è�Œä½�邀请(get an average of four or five job offers),å�Œæ—¶æœ‰å¤§é‡�çš„å�‡è�Œæœºä¼šã€‚
  接下æ�¥ï¼Œä½œè€…笔锋一转,æ��出了一个å��é�¢è§‚点,too much specialization doesn’t pay off(pay offè¯�组指“得到回报â€�)。而观点ä¸�å�Œçš„关键在于æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒä¸ªè§‚点是in the long run,å�³ä»Žé•¿è¿œæ�¥çœ‹ã€‚作者首先以商务领域为例,指出MBA过剩使得这一å¦åކä¸�å†�是è�Œä¸šé€šè¡Œè¯�(no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval)。
  下一段介ç»�äº†å¯†æ‡æ ¹å·žçš„Scheetzçš„è¯´æ³•ï¼Œç»§ç»æ”¯æŒ�第二个观点。Scheetz认为,尽管现在的公å�¸åœ¨æ‹›æ–°äººæ—¶ä¾�然倾å�‘于招收“专家â€�(tend to take on specialists as new hires),但在ä¸ä¸Šå±‚管ç�†è�Œä½�上更倾å�‘于“æ�‚å®¶â€�(generalists for middle and upper-level managementï¼‰ã€‚åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä¸“å®¶çš„çœ¼å…‰å±€é™�于具体细节,难以从大局考虑(constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture)。
  如果这篇æ��料是写给高ä¸ç”Ÿä»¬çš„,那么å�Žä¸€æ®µå�¯ä»¥ç®—是大å¦ä¸“业报考指å�—。This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate:这似乎是在æ£é�¢è‚¯å®šæ–‡ç§‘毕业生。那么文科生有什么优势呢?写作ã€�交æµ�能力ã€�组织技巧ã€�开放的头脑ã€�适应性ã€�分æž�和解决问题的能力(writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems)。作者å�ˆå¼•出å�¦ä¸€ä½�人士David Birch把文科生大夸了一番,å�Žä»¥Scheetzçš„ä¸åº¸è§‚点收场:文科å¦åŽ†åŠ ä¸Šä¸“ä¸šæŠ€èƒ½ï¼ˆliberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical trainingï¼‰å°†æ˜¯å¸‚åœºçš„å® å„¿ã€‚
  26. C
  本题问哪些人在人�市场上需求�颇高。
  这é�“题的考查的内容涉å�Šå…¨ç¯‡æ��æ–™ï¼Œå¿…é¡»æ ¹æ�®æ¯�一个选项所æ��è¿°çš„ç‰¹ç‚¹ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°ç›¸åº”的内容,对比之å�ŽæŽ’é™¤é”™è¯¯é€‰é¡¹ã€‚
  A,人文å¦ç§‘的本科毕业生。Humanities,人文å¦ç§‘,å�¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯æ–‡ç« å�Žå‡ 段所说的liberal-arts,但这些专业的人在是从长远角度看(in the long run),易进入ä¸é«˜å±‚è�Œä½�(for middle and upper-level management),而ä¸�是本科毕业生。
  B,拥有大å¦MBAå¦ä½�的人。第三段æ��到MBAå¦ä½�no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval,说明MBAå¦ä½�å·²ç»�å¹¶ä¸�ç�«çˆ†äº†ã€‚
  C,ç»�过æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²å�Œæ—¶æ‹¥æœ‰å·¥ä½œç»�验的人。第二段å�Žä¸€å�¥æ˜¯Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience,这里æ��到ç»�过æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²å�Œæ—¶æ‹¥æœ‰å·¥ä½œç»�验的人å�—到了大公å�¸çš„é�’ç��,符å�ˆé¢˜æ„�。
  Dï¼Œåœ¨å·¥ç¨‹å¦æ–¹é�¢æ‹¥æœ‰ä¸“业技能的人。å�Žä¸€æ®µè¯´æ˜Žæ–‡ç§‘ç”Ÿçš„ç‰¹ç‚¹æœ‰åˆ©äºŽæ‰¾å·¥ä½œï¼Œå…¶ä¸æ��到工程人æ‰�:David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,æ„�æ€�是æ¤äººç»�ä¸�雇用MBAæˆ–æ˜¯å·¥ç¨‹å¦æ¯•业生。这说明工程å¦äººæ‰�å¹¶ä¸�ç�«çˆ†ã€‚
  27. B
  这é�“题问but the impact of a degree washes out after five years一å�¥æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆæ„�æ€�。这是一é�“å�¥å�考查题,需è¦�ç�†é¡ºä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡çš„逻辑关系之å�Žä½œç”。
  A,大多数MBA课程没能为å¦ç”Ÿæ‰“下å�šå®žçš„基础。
  B,MBAå¦ä½�å¹¶ä¸�会对å�‡å…¥ç®¡ç�†å±‚带æ�¥å¸®åŠ©ã€‚
  C,MBA课程在五年以å�Žå°±ä¸�会åƒ�çŽ°åœ¨è¿™æ ·å�—欢迎了。
  D,五年å�Žäººä»¬å°±ä¼šå¿˜è®°MBA毕业生们的å¦ä½�。
  首先应该判æ–è¿™ä¸€æ®µåœ¨å…¨ç¯‡ä¸æ‰€èµ·åˆ°çš„作用是什么,也就是这一段的大体功能,段è�½ä¸çš„æ¯�一å�¥è¯�都是为了这个功能æœ�务的。
  本段å�¥è¯�应该是一个总领å�¥ï¼Œin the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off,æ„�æ€�是从长远æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œå¤ªä¸“å¹¶ä¸�会带æ�¥å›žæŠ¥ã€‚è¿™å�¥è¯�æ��å‡ºäº†æœ¬æ–‡çš„ç¬¬äºŒä¸ªè§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„ä½™ä¸‹éƒ¨åˆ†éƒ½æ˜¯åœ¨è®ºè¯�这个观点。而实际上,这å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�并没有é�žå¸¸æ¸…晰地表达出æ�¥ï¼Œæ¯”如in the long run到底指什么,ä¸�会带æ�¥å›žæŠ¥å…·ä½“是什么æ„�æ€�ç‰ã€‚æ ¹æ�®ä¸‹ä¸€æ®µçš„论述,å�¯ä»¥çŸ¥é�“è¿™å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�实际上指的是在公å�¸å·¥ä½œå‡ 年之å�Žï¼Œå¤ªä¸“ä¸�利于进入管ç�†å±‚。第三段余下的部分应该是为è¯�明这个观点所举的例å�,那么其背å�Žçš„æ„�义当然也是这个观点本身。四个选项ä¸B的表达与æ¤ä¸ºæŽ¥è¿‘。
  28. A
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®Scheetz的说法,公å�¸æ›´å–œæ¬¢ä»€ä¹ˆæ ·çš„人æ‰�。
  A,具有战略头脑的人。
  B,具有美术�能的人。
  C,有野心�侵略性强的人。
  Dï¼Œåœ¨æœºæ¢°å¦æ–¹é�¢æŽ¥å�—过教育的人。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到Scheetz是在第四段,首先是他介ç»�的一ç§�人æ‰�雇用惯例(Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices),而å�Žç›´æŽ¥å¼•用了他的原è¯�。æ¤å¤–,在全文å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�ä¸ä¹Ÿæ��到了Scheetz。考虑到本题刚刚是第三é�“题,考查å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¸�大,所以,å�ªéœ€ç ”究第四段就å�¯ä»¥äº†ã€‚
  Scheetz所æ��åˆ°çš„æƒ¯ä¾‹å¤§è‡´æ˜¯è¿™æ ·çš„ï¼šåœ¨æ‹›è�˜æ–°å‘˜å·¥æ—¶è¿˜æ˜¯ä¼šæ‹›â€œä¸“å®¶â€�,而在æ��æ‹”ä¸ä¸Šç®¡ç�†å±‚时则é�’ç��“æ�‚å®¶â€�(generalists)。他的原è¯�直译是:他们想è¦�ä¸�被具体细节é™�制的人,这些人有更广阔的视角。å�¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å…¬å�¸æ›´å–œæ¬¢çš„人有两个è¦�点,一是æ�‚家,二是视角广阔或者看问题更为深远。A所说的strategic mind与look at the big picture应该是一个æ„�æ€�,å�¯ä»¥é€‰A。B所说的美术æ‰�能虽是文科,但æ�°æ�°ä¹Ÿå±žäºŽä¸“家,å�ªæœ‰é€šæ™“大部分文科专业的人æ‰�能称之为æ�‚家。Cçš„è¯´æ³•åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰æ��到。D也属于specialists。
  29. A
  题目问David Birch宣称他å�ªé›‡ç”¨æ–‡ç§‘ç”Ÿæ˜¯å› ä¸ºâ€¦â€¦
  A,文科生处��化情况的能力更强。
  B,他们能够��固有的解决问题的方�。
  C,他们在一系列专业领域内都�到了完整的教育。
  D,他们å�‚åŠ äº†ç®¡ç�†æ–¹é�¢çš„特别课程。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到David Birch是在å�Žä¸€æ®µï¼Œæ–‡ä¸ä»–宣称he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,å�³ä¸�愿雇用specialists,而å�Žæ–‡ç« 引用了他的原è¯�“I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing thingsâ€�,这里的because从å�¥å·²ç»�è¯´å‡ºäº†åŽŸå› ï¼Œæœ¬é¢˜è€ƒæŸ¥çš„å°±æ˜¯å¯¹å�¥è¯�çš„ç�†è§£ã€‚Way of doing things,å�šäº‹æƒ…的方å¼�,由æ¤å�¯ä»¥ä¼°è®¡ï¼ŒåŽŸå› å¤§ä½“ä¸Šæ˜¯æŸ�ç§�特别的å�šäº‹çš„æ–¹å¼�,基本å�¯ä»¥æŠŠCå’ŒDæŽ’é™¤ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒä»¬ä¸Žæ–¹å¼�æ— å…³ã€‚è¿™å…·ä½“æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�什么方å¼�呢?less-than-cannedï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªä¸´æ—¶è‡ªé€ çš„è¯�,å—典里肯定没有,我们å�ªèƒ½é€šè¿‡åˆ†æž�它的构æˆ�æ�¥çŒœæµ‹å®ƒçš„æ„�æ€�。Can是“能够â€�,æ¤å¤–还有ç½�头的æ„�æ€�,这里是被动å¼�,说明已ç»�转化æˆ�了动è¯�å½¢å¼�,canned就是å�šæˆ�了ç½�头的æ„�æ€�。å�šäº‹æƒ…时头脑åƒ�装进ç½�å¤´ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žæ˜¯æ»è„‘ç‹ï¼Œå¢¨å®ˆé™ˆè§„。David Birch先生ä¸�喜欢的就是这ç§�人,å��过æ�¥ï¼Œä»–喜欢的就是脑ç‹ç�µæ´»ï¼Œæ€�路开阔的人,A的说法与æ¤ä¸€è‡´ï¼ŒB的说法与æ¤ç›¸å��。应该选A。
  30. D
  题目问作者支æŒ�下列哪个观点。从四个选项æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œè¿™é�“题的考查范围é��布全文,ä¸�过解ç”难度å�´å¹¶ä¸�é«˜ï¼ŒåŽŸå› å°±æ˜¯ä¸‰ä¸ªé”™è¯¯é€‰é¡¹çš„è¿·æƒ‘æ€§ç›¸å¯¹è¾ƒå°�。
  A,给“专家â€�所付的薪水比“æ�‚å®¶â€�è¦�é«˜ã€‚æ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰ç›´æŽ¥è¯´å·¥èµ„高低问题。从文ä¸çš„观点——æ�‚家进入管ç�†å±‚的机会高于专家æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ�‚家的薪水肯定是高于专家的。这与A的说法相å��。
  B,æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²ä¸�如工作培è®é‡�è¦�ã€‚æ–‡ç« é‡Œæ²¡æœ‰ç±»ä¼¼çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ’除。
  C,在è�ŒåŸ¹è®ä»Žé•¿è¿œè§’åº¦è®²èŠ±è´¹æ›´å°‘ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ²¡æœ‰è®²åˆ°èŠ±è´¹é—®é¢˜ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ’除。
  D,“æ�‚å®¶â€�在管ç�†æ–¹é�¢è¦�胜过“专家â€�ã€‚è¿™æ£æ˜¯æ–‡ç« å�Žä¸‰æ®µè®ºè¿°çš„ä¸å¿ƒã€‚
  Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
  If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
  That’s especially true of booming fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell’s School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor’s degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
  But in the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary initially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
  As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate (公�的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out generalists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained (�制) by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture, “says Scheetz.
  This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,� says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,� says Scheetz.
  26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
  A) Students with a bachelor’s degree in humanities.
  B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
  C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
  D) People with special training in engineering.(C)
  27. By saying “... but the impact of a degree washes out after five years� (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
  A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
  B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
  C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years’ time as they are now
  D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got(B)
  28. According to Scheetz’s statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
  A) people who have a strategic mind
  B) people who are talented in fine arts
  C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
  D) people who have received training in mechanics(A)
  29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
  A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
  B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
  C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
  D) they have attended special programs in management(A)
  30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
  A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
  B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
  C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
  D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.(D)
ã€€ã€€è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« è®²çš„æ˜¯ä½•ç§�专业在人æ‰�市场上更å�—é�’ç��çš„é—®é¢˜ã€‚åˆ°åº•ä»€ä¹ˆæ ·çš„äººæ‰�æ›´å�—é�’ç��å‘¢ï¼Ÿæ–‡ç« å®žé™…ä¸Šè®²äº†ä¸¤ä¸ªè§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œå‰�两段论述了个观点,å�³â€œä¸“å®¶â€�æ›´å�—é�’ç��ï¼›å�Žé�¢çš„三段å�ˆæ��出了与æ¤ç›¸å��的观点,“æ�‚å®¶â€�æ›´å�—é�’ç��。观点之所以ä¸�å�Œï¼Œæ˜¯å› 为它们的å‰�æ��æ�¡ä»¶ä¸�å�Œã€‚
  先�看个观点。��以说开宗明义:the best route to a job is to get specialized training,的办法是练就专业技能。而�作者�出了论�——近一项调查结果显示,商务类和医疗��类的毕业生很�公���(companies like graduates in such fields as business and health care)。
  下一段举出了更多的例å�。That’s especially true of booming fields,这里的fields应该和段的fields所指相å�Œï¼Œéƒ½æ˜¯æŒ‡å¦ç”Ÿçš„专业。急速å�‘展的领域更是炙手å�¯çƒï¼Œä¸€ä¸ªé…’店管ç�†å¦é™¢çš„æœ¬ç§‘毕业生平å�‡å�¯ä»¥æŽ¥åˆ°äº”到å…个è�Œä½�邀请(get an average of four or five job offers),å�Œæ—¶æœ‰å¤§é‡�çš„å�‡è�Œæœºä¼šã€‚
  接下æ�¥ï¼Œä½œè€…笔锋一转,æ��出了一个å��é�¢è§‚点,too much specialization doesn’t pay off(pay offè¯�组指“得到回报â€�)。而观点ä¸�å�Œçš„关键在于æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œç¬¬äºŒä¸ªè§‚点是in the long run,å�³ä»Žé•¿è¿œæ�¥çœ‹ã€‚作者首先以商务领域为例,指出MBA过剩使得这一å¦åކä¸�å†�是è�Œä¸šé€šè¡Œè¯�(no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval)。
  下一段介ç»�äº†å¯†æ‡æ ¹å·žçš„Scheetzçš„è¯´æ³•ï¼Œç»§ç»æ”¯æŒ�第二个观点。Scheetz认为,尽管现在的公å�¸åœ¨æ‹›æ–°äººæ—¶ä¾�然倾å�‘于招收“专家â€�(tend to take on specialists as new hires),但在ä¸ä¸Šå±‚管ç�†è�Œä½�上更倾å�‘于“æ�‚å®¶â€�(generalists for middle and upper-level managementï¼‰ã€‚åŽŸå› æ˜¯ä¸“å®¶çš„çœ¼å…‰å±€é™�于具体细节,难以从大局考虑(constrained by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture)。
  如果这篇æ��料是写给高ä¸ç”Ÿä»¬çš„,那么å�Žä¸€æ®µå�¯ä»¥ç®—是大å¦ä¸“业报考指å�—。This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate:这似乎是在æ£é�¢è‚¯å®šæ–‡ç§‘毕业生。那么文科生有什么优势呢?写作ã€�交æµ�能力ã€�组织技巧ã€�开放的头脑ã€�适应性ã€�分æž�和解决问题的能力(writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adaptability, and the ability to analyze and solve problems)。作者å�ˆå¼•出å�¦ä¸€ä½�人士David Birch把文科生大夸了一番,å�Žä»¥Scheetzçš„ä¸åº¸è§‚点收场:文科å¦åŽ†åŠ ä¸Šä¸“ä¸šæŠ€èƒ½ï¼ˆliberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical trainingï¼‰å°†æ˜¯å¸‚åœºçš„å® å„¿ã€‚
  26. C
  本题问哪些人在人�市场上需求�颇高。
  这é�“题的考查的内容涉å�Šå…¨ç¯‡æ��æ–™ï¼Œå¿…é¡»æ ¹æ�®æ¯�一个选项所æ��è¿°çš„ç‰¹ç‚¹ï¼Œåœ¨æ–‡ç« ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°ç›¸åº”的内容,对比之å�ŽæŽ’é™¤é”™è¯¯é€‰é¡¹ã€‚
  A,人文å¦ç§‘的本科毕业生。Humanities,人文å¦ç§‘,å�¯ä»¥è®¤ä¸ºæ˜¯æ–‡ç« å�Žå‡ 段所说的liberal-arts,但这些专业的人在是从长远角度看(in the long run),易进入ä¸é«˜å±‚è�Œä½�(for middle and upper-level management),而ä¸�是本科毕业生。
  B,拥有大å¦MBAå¦ä½�的人。第三段æ��到MBAå¦ä½�no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval,说明MBAå¦ä½�å·²ç»�å¹¶ä¸�ç�«çˆ†äº†ã€‚
  C,ç»�过æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²å�Œæ—¶æ‹¥æœ‰å·¥ä½œç»�验的人。第二段å�Žä¸€å�¥æ˜¯Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience,这里æ��到ç»�过æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²å�Œæ—¶æ‹¥æœ‰å·¥ä½œç»�验的人å�—到了大公å�¸çš„é�’ç��,符å�ˆé¢˜æ„�。
  Dï¼Œåœ¨å·¥ç¨‹å¦æ–¹é�¢æ‹¥æœ‰ä¸“业技能的人。å�Žä¸€æ®µè¯´æ˜Žæ–‡ç§‘ç”Ÿçš„ç‰¹ç‚¹æœ‰åˆ©äºŽæ‰¾å·¥ä½œï¼Œå…¶ä¸æ��到工程人æ‰�:David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,æ„�æ€�是æ¤äººç»�ä¸�雇用MBAæˆ–æ˜¯å·¥ç¨‹å¦æ¯•业生。这说明工程å¦äººæ‰�å¹¶ä¸�ç�«çˆ†ã€‚
  27. B
  这é�“题问but the impact of a degree washes out after five years一å�¥æ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆæ„�æ€�。这是一é�“å�¥å�考查题,需è¦�ç�†é¡ºä¸Šä¸‹æ–‡çš„逻辑关系之å�Žä½œç”。
  A,大多数MBA课程没能为å¦ç”Ÿæ‰“下å�šå®žçš„基础。
  B,MBAå¦ä½�å¹¶ä¸�会对å�‡å…¥ç®¡ç�†å±‚带æ�¥å¸®åŠ©ã€‚
  C,MBA课程在五年以å�Žå°±ä¸�会åƒ�çŽ°åœ¨è¿™æ ·å�—欢迎了。
  D,五年å�Žäººä»¬å°±ä¼šå¿˜è®°MBA毕业生们的å¦ä½�。
  首先应该判æ–è¿™ä¸€æ®µåœ¨å…¨ç¯‡ä¸æ‰€èµ·åˆ°çš„作用是什么,也就是这一段的大体功能,段è�½ä¸çš„æ¯�一å�¥è¯�都是为了这个功能æœ�务的。
  本段å�¥è¯�应该是一个总领å�¥ï¼Œin the long run, too much specialization doesn’t pay off,æ„�æ€�是从长远æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œå¤ªä¸“å¹¶ä¸�会带æ�¥å›žæŠ¥ã€‚è¿™å�¥è¯�æ��å‡ºäº†æœ¬æ–‡çš„ç¬¬äºŒä¸ªè§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„ä½™ä¸‹éƒ¨åˆ†éƒ½æ˜¯åœ¨è®ºè¯�这个观点。而实际上,这å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�并没有é�žå¸¸æ¸…晰地表达出æ�¥ï¼Œæ¯”如in the long run到底指什么,ä¸�会带æ�¥å›žæŠ¥å…·ä½“是什么æ„�æ€�ç‰ã€‚æ ¹æ�®ä¸‹ä¸€æ®µçš„论述,å�¯ä»¥çŸ¥é�“è¿™å�¥è¯�çš„æ„�æ€�实际上指的是在公å�¸å·¥ä½œå‡ 年之å�Žï¼Œå¤ªä¸“ä¸�利于进入管ç�†å±‚。第三段余下的部分应该是为è¯�明这个观点所举的例å�,那么其背å�Žçš„æ„�义当然也是这个观点本身。四个选项ä¸B的表达与æ¤ä¸ºæŽ¥è¿‘。
  28. A
ã€€ã€€æ ¹æ�®Scheetz的说法,公å�¸æ›´å–œæ¬¢ä»€ä¹ˆæ ·çš„人æ‰�。
  A,具有战略头脑的人。
  B,具有美术�能的人。
  C,有野心�侵略性强的人。
  Dï¼Œåœ¨æœºæ¢°å¦æ–¹é�¢æŽ¥å�—过教育的人。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到Scheetz是在第四段,首先是他介ç»�的一ç§�人æ‰�雇用惯例(Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices),而å�Žç›´æŽ¥å¼•用了他的原è¯�。æ¤å¤–,在全文å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�ä¸ä¹Ÿæ��到了Scheetz。考虑到本题刚刚是第三é�“题,考查å�Žä¸€å�¥è¯�çš„å�¯èƒ½æ€§ä¸�大,所以,å�ªéœ€ç ”究第四段就å�¯ä»¥äº†ã€‚
  Scheetz所æ��åˆ°çš„æƒ¯ä¾‹å¤§è‡´æ˜¯è¿™æ ·çš„ï¼šåœ¨æ‹›è�˜æ–°å‘˜å·¥æ—¶è¿˜æ˜¯ä¼šæ‹›â€œä¸“å®¶â€�,而在æ��æ‹”ä¸ä¸Šç®¡ç�†å±‚时则é�’ç��“æ�‚å®¶â€�(generalists)。他的原è¯�直译是:他们想è¦�ä¸�被具体细节é™�制的人,这些人有更广阔的视角。å�¯ä»¥çœ‹åˆ°å…¬å�¸æ›´å–œæ¬¢çš„人有两个è¦�点,一是æ�‚家,二是视角广阔或者看问题更为深远。A所说的strategic mind与look at the big picture应该是一个æ„�æ€�,å�¯ä»¥é€‰A。B所说的美术æ‰�能虽是文科,但æ�°æ�°ä¹Ÿå±žäºŽä¸“家,å�ªæœ‰é€šæ™“大部分文科专业的人æ‰�能称之为æ�‚家。Cçš„è¯´æ³•åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰æ��到。D也属于specialists。
  29. A
  题目问David Birch宣称他å�ªé›‡ç”¨æ–‡ç§‘ç”Ÿæ˜¯å› ä¸ºâ€¦â€¦
  A,文科生处��化情况的能力更强。
  B,他们能够��固有的解决问题的方�。
  C,他们在一系列专业领域内都�到了完整的教育。
  D,他们å�‚åŠ äº†ç®¡ç�†æ–¹é�¢çš„特别课程。
ã€€ã€€æ–‡ç« æ��到David Birch是在å�Žä¸€æ®µï¼Œæ–‡ä¸ä»–宣称he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree,å�³ä¸�愿雇用specialists,而å�Žæ–‡ç« 引用了他的原è¯�“I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing thingsâ€�,这里的because从å�¥å·²ç»�è¯´å‡ºäº†åŽŸå› ï¼Œæœ¬é¢˜è€ƒæŸ¥çš„å°±æ˜¯å¯¹å�¥è¯�çš„ç�†è§£ã€‚Way of doing things,å�šäº‹æƒ…的方å¼�,由æ¤å�¯ä»¥ä¼°è®¡ï¼ŒåŽŸå› å¤§ä½“ä¸Šæ˜¯æŸ�ç§�特别的å�šäº‹çš„æ–¹å¼�,基本å�¯ä»¥æŠŠCå’ŒDæŽ’é™¤ï¼Œå› ä¸ºå®ƒä»¬ä¸Žæ–¹å¼�æ— å…³ã€‚è¿™å…·ä½“æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�什么方å¼�呢?less-than-cannedï¼Œè¿™æ˜¯ä¸€ä¸ªä¸´æ—¶è‡ªé€ çš„è¯�,å—典里肯定没有,我们å�ªèƒ½é€šè¿‡åˆ†æž�它的构æˆ�æ�¥çŒœæµ‹å®ƒçš„æ„�æ€�。Can是“能够â€�,æ¤å¤–还有ç½�头的æ„�æ€�,这里是被动å¼�,说明已ç»�转化æˆ�了动è¯�å½¢å¼�,canned就是å�šæˆ�了ç½�头的æ„�æ€�。å�šäº‹æƒ…时头脑åƒ�装进ç½�å¤´ä¸€æ ·ï¼Œè¯´æ˜Žæ˜¯æ»è„‘ç‹ï¼Œå¢¨å®ˆé™ˆè§„。David Birch先生ä¸�喜欢的就是这ç§�人,å��过æ�¥ï¼Œä»–喜欢的就是脑ç‹ç�µæ´»ï¼Œæ€�路开阔的人,A的说法与æ¤ä¸€è‡´ï¼ŒB的说法与æ¤ç›¸å��。应该选A。
  30. D
  题目问作者支æŒ�下列哪个观点。从四个选项æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œè¿™é�“题的考查范围é��布全文,ä¸�过解ç”难度å�´å¹¶ä¸�é«˜ï¼ŒåŽŸå› å°±æ˜¯ä¸‰ä¸ªé”™è¯¯é€‰é¡¹çš„è¿·æƒ‘æ€§ç›¸å¯¹è¾ƒå°�。
  A,给“专家â€�所付的薪水比“æ�‚å®¶â€�è¦�é«˜ã€‚æ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰ç›´æŽ¥è¯´å·¥èµ„高低问题。从文ä¸çš„观点——æ�‚家进入管ç�†å±‚的机会高于专家æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ�‚家的薪水肯定是高于专家的。这与A的说法相å��。
  B,æ£è§„妿 ¡æ•™è‚²ä¸�如工作培è®é‡�è¦�ã€‚æ–‡ç« é‡Œæ²¡æœ‰ç±»ä¼¼çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ’除。
  C,在è�ŒåŸ¹è®ä»Žé•¿è¿œè§’åº¦è®²èŠ±è´¹æ›´å°‘ã€‚æ–‡ç« æ²¡æœ‰è®²åˆ°èŠ±è´¹é—®é¢˜ï¼Œå�¯ä»¥ç›´æŽ¥æŽ’除。
  D,“æ�‚å®¶â€�在管ç�†æ–¹é�¢è¦�胜过“专家â€�ã€‚è¿™æ£æ˜¯æ–‡ç« å�Žä¸‰æ®µè®ºè¿°çš„ä¸å¿ƒã€‚
  编辑推�:
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  2011å¹´6月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
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