历年英è¯å››çº§é˜…读真题全解æž�(2002-2004)
- 第1页:2002.1�Passageone
- 第2页:2002.1�PassageTwo
- 第3页:2002.1�PassageThree
- 第4页:2002.1�PassageFour
- 第5页:2002.6-Passage One
- 第6页:2002.6-Passage Two
- 第7页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第8页:2002.6-Passage Three
- 第9页:2003.1-Passage One
  Passage Three
  Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
  It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.
  So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.
  Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
  Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆�) for the first time and that they plan similar studies.
  Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.
  The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (�诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.
  31. The passage is chiefly about ________.
  A) an effort to protect an endangered marine species
  B) the civilian use of a military detection system
  C) the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weapon
  D) a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales(B)
  32. The underwater listening system was originally designed ________.
  A) to trace and locate enemy vessels
  B) to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions
  C) to study the movement of ocean currents
  D) to replace the global radio communications network(A)
  33. The deep-sea listening system makes use of ________.
  A) the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water
  B) the capability of sound to travel at high speed
  C) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound
  D) low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water(C)
  34. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
  A) new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales
  B) blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system
  C) opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology
  D) military technology has great potential in civilian use(D)
  35. Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network?
  A) It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.
  B) It has been replaced by a more advanced system.
  C) It became useless to the military after the cold war.
  D) It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.(A)
  这篇æ��料讲的是美国军用技术的民用化。开头用追踪è“�鲸的例å�æ�¥å¼•出一个问题,å�³æ°´ä¸‹è·Ÿè¸ªæŠ€æœ¯çš„难度颇高。这就ä¸�å…�引起人们对问题解决方法的关注,而第二段就顺ç�†æˆ�ç« åœ°ä»‹ç»�è¿‘å�‘生的一件事,æ¤äº‹ç»™æ®µçš„问题æ��供了解决办法:科å¦å®¶æˆ�功地追踪了一æ�¡è“�鲸43天,并监å�¬äº†å®ƒçš„声音。æˆ�功的关键就是应用了美国海军曾ç»�的水下监å�¬ç»�密设备(because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans)。
ã€€ã€€è¿™æ ·ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„æ ¸å¿ƒè®ºé¢˜å°±å‡ºçŽ°äº†ï¼šç¾Žå›½å†›ç”¨æŠ€æœ¯â€”â€”æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯çš„æ°‘用化。æ¤å�Žï¼Œä½œè€…开始详细地é˜�述与论题有关的信æ�¯ã€‚
  首先是事情的原委。冷战以å�Žï¼Œç¾Žå›½æµ·å†›å�³å¼€å§‹ä¸Žæ°‘é—´ç§‘å¦å®¶åˆ†äº«å…¶æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿï¼ˆafter the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system)。这一系统åˆ�的用途是追踪潜在敌人的船å�ªã€‚(track the ships of potential enemies)。
  而å�Žæ˜¯æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯æ°‘用化的å�ˆä¸€äº‹ä¾‹ã€‚ç§‘å¦å®¶ä»¬åº”用这一系统次细致地监控一次深水ç�«å±±çˆ†å�‘的过程(used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption)。
  å�¦æœ‰ç§‘å¦å®¶æ‰“算使用这一系统æ�¥è¿½è¸ªæ´‹æµ�,分æž�æµ·æ´‹å�˜åŒ–和全ç�ƒæ¸©åº¦å�˜åŒ–(use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures)。
  å�Žä¸€æ®µç®€å�•解释了这一系统的工作原ç�†ã€‚声音在水ä¸çš„ä¼ æ’速度大约是æ¯�秒一英里,介于在陆地和空气之间(The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air)。这是水下追踪声音的基本æ�¡ä»¶ã€‚æµ·æ´‹çš„ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚å�¯ä»¥ä½œä¸ºå£°éŸ³ä¼ æ’çš„ä¸�å�Œé€šé�“,这些通é�“å�¯ä»¥ä½¿å£°éŸ³æ›´ä¸ºé›†ä¸ï¼Œå…¶åŽŸç�†ç‰å�ŒäºŽå�¬è¯Šå™¨å°†ç—…人胸部的声音集ä¸åŠ å¼ºä¼ ç»™åŒ»ç”Ÿã€‚è¿™å°±ä½¿å¾—é�žå¸¸å¾®å¼±çš„声音也能在海水ä¸ä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œï¼ˆcan often travel thousands of miles),从而被这一系统所监测到。这是水下追踪声音的é‡�è¦�æ�¡ä»¶ã€‚
  31. B
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ä¸»è¦�内容是关于什么的。这是一é�“全文总结性的题目,这ç§�题出现在é�“的情况并ä¸�多è§�。
  A,ä¿�护一ç§�海上濒å�±ç”Ÿç‰©çš„努力。这里的海上濒å�±ç”Ÿç‰©æŒ‡çš„æ˜¯æ®µæ��到的è“�鲸(blue whale),ä¸�过关于è“�鲸的æ��è¿°ä»…ä»…å±€é™�于段,其余部分就ä¸�å†�出现ä¿�护è“�é²¸çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œå› æ¤A的说法过于片é�¢ã€‚
  B,一ç§�军事探测技术的民用化。å‰�四段举出的事例都å�¯ä»¥å½’为军事探测技术民用化,å�Žä¸€æ®µè®²è§£äº†è¿™ä¸€æŽ¢æµ‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„原ç�†ï¼Œæ€»ä½“æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 主è¦�内容是军事探测技术的民用化,B的说法æ£ç¡®ã€‚
  C,一ç§�美国海军ç»�密æ¦å™¨çš„æ›�光。这里的ç»�密æ¦å™¨æŒ‡çš„æ˜¯æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œæ–‡ä¸æ��到Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system,这里有uncover一è¯�,å�¯ä»¥ç®—是exposure的注脚,ä¸�过,仅仅æ›�光是ä¸�够的,文ä¸çš„诸多例å�都是科å¦å®¶æŠŠæ›�å…‰å�Žçš„æŠ€æœ¯ç”¨äºŽæ°‘用的 例å�ï¼Œå› æ¤æ–‡ç« 主体还是在讲述ç»�密æ¦å™¨åœ¨æ°‘间的应用,而ä¸�仅仅是æ›�光。
  D,一ç§�观察è“�鲸行为的新的方å¼�。这个选项的错误和Aä¸€æ ·ï¼ŒæŠŠå†…å®¹å±€é™�于è“�鲸。除了è“�鲸之外,文ä¸è¿˜æ��到了ç�«å±±çˆ†å�‘ã€�æ´‹æµ�ç‰ç‰çŽ°è±¡ï¼ŒA的说法过于片é�¢äº†ã€‚
  32. A
  题目问水下监�系统�设计是用�……
  A,跟踪定�敌方船�。
  B,监�深海�山爆�。
  Cï¼Œç ”ç©¶æ´‹æµ�è¿�动。
  D,å�–代全ç�ƒæ— çº¿ç”µä¼ æ’系统。
  题目ä¸éœ€è¦�注æ„�的一个å�•è¯�是originally,æ„�为åˆ�,指水下监å�¬è®¾å¤‡åœ¨è¢«ç¾Žå†›åˆ�è®¾è®¡æ—¶çš„ç”¨é€”ã€‚æ–‡ä¸æœ‰ä¸€å�¥è¯�对æ¤ä½œäº†äº¤ä»£ï¼šthe Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies,这å�¥è¯�çš„å®¾è¯æ˜¯global network of underwater listening system,而å�Žçš„builtå�¯ä»¥è¿˜åŽŸä¸ºwhich was built,其引导的å�¥å�å�¯è§†ä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå®šè¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œæ˜¯å¯¹è¿™ä¸€ç³»ç»Ÿçš„修饰。Over the decadesï¼Œè¡¨ç¤ºæ—¶é—´è¿½æº¯åˆ°å‡ å��å¹´å‰�。To表示目的,track the ships of potential enemies,跟踪潜在敌人的船å�ªã€‚ç”±æ¤å�¯è§�水下监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿåˆ�设计是用æ�¥è·Ÿè¸ªæ½œåœ¨æ•Œäººçš„船å�ªçš„ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆæ˜¯A。
  33. C
  题目问深海监�系统应用了……
  A,采集水下声音的尖端技术。
  Bï¼Œå£°éŸ³é«˜é€Ÿä¼ æ’的特性。
  C,海洋的ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚ä¼ æ’声音的特性。
  D,低频声波å�¯åœ¨ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚ä¼ æ’。
  从四个选项æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œè¿™é�“题考查的是深海监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿçš„æŠ€æœ¯åŽŸç�†ã€‚æ ¹æ�®ç¯‡ç« 分æž�å�¯çŸ¥ï¼Œå¯¹åŽŸç�†çš„说明是在å�Žä¸€æ®µï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆç”案需è¦�到å�Žä¸€æ®µåŽ»æ‰¾ã€‚å€¼å¾—æ³¨æ„�的是å�Žä¸€ å�¥è¯�:This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles,这里æ��到了main reasonï¼Œè¡¨æ˜Žå£°éŸ³çš„åŠ å¼ºï¼ˆfocusingï¼‰æ˜¯å£°éŸ³å¾—ä»¥ä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œçš„主è¦�åŽŸå› ã€‚è€Œå£°éŸ³èƒ½å¤Ÿä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œæ„�味ç�€ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ„�味ç�€æ·±æµ·ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿå�¯ä»¥ç›‘测 到上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œå¤–的声音,这就是监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿçš„é‡�è¦�æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œè€Œå£°éŸ³å¾—ä»¥åŠ å¼ºçš„åŽŸå› å�ˆæ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ˜¯different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds,这应该是题目所问的“make use of……â€�的宾è¯ã€‚应该选择C。A的说法在å�Žä¸€æ®µæ²¡æœ‰æ��到。B的说法在å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸æœ‰æ‰€è®ºè¿°ï¼Œä½†å±žäºŽå‰�æ��æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œä¸�是main reason。D所说的低频声音å�ªæ˜¯ä½œè€…举的一个例å�â€”â€”æ—¢ç„¶ä½Žé¢‘å£°éŸ³ä¹Ÿèƒ½ä¼ æ’很远,那么ä¸é«˜é¢‘çš„å£°éŸ³ä¼ æ’得就更远,更容易被监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿæ�•æ�‰åˆ°äº†â€”—还是说 明了通é�“的作用。
  34. D
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®ä»Žæ–‡ç« ä¸å�¯ä»¥æŽ¨æ–出什么。
  A,应该å�‘å±•æ–°çš„æ— çº¿ç”µæŠ€æœ¯æ�¥è¿½è¸ªæ¿’临ç�ç»�çš„è“�鲸。
  Bï¼Œå› ä¸ºæ–°çš„ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯çš„使用,è“�鲸ä¸�å†�是濒临ç�ç»�动物。
  C,关于民间科å¦å®¶æ˜¯å�¦åº”被å…�许使用军事技术,尚å˜åœ¨ä¸�å�Œè§‚点。
  D,军事技术的民用化潜力很大。
  Aå’ŒB都与è“�鲸有关。关于è“�鲸的内容å�ªåœ¨å‰�两段,我们æ�¥çœ‹è¿™ä¸¤æ®µçš„内容。段开头首先说明了è“�鲸濒临ç�ç»�的状况,指出追踪è“�鲸å˜åœ¨è¾ƒå¤§çš„困难,而å�Žè§£é‡Šäº†å˜åœ¨å›°éš¾çš„åŽŸå› ã€‚ç¬¬äºŒæ®µè®²è¿°ç§‘å¦å®¶ä»¬ç»ˆäºŽæˆ�功追踪了一æ�¡è“�鲸,而其背å�Žçš„åŽŸå› æ˜¯å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„åº”ç”¨ã€‚
  从这里å�¯çŸ¥ï¼Œç§‘å¦å®¶åº”用现有技术已ç»�能够追踪è“�鲸,A说的应该å�‘å±•æ–°çš„æŠ€æœ¯æ˜¯æ— ä»ŽæŽ¨ç�†çš„。新的监å�¬æŠ€æœ¯åˆ°åº•对ä¿�护è“�é²¸èµ·åˆ°å¤šå¤§çš„ä½œç”¨ï¼Ÿæ–‡ç« æ‰€è¿°ç”šå°‘ï¼ŒåŽŸå› æ˜¯æœ¬æ–‡è®ºè¿°çš„ä¸»é¢˜æ˜¯å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„æ°‘ç”¨åŒ–ï¼Œä¸�是è“�鲸ä¿�护,所以作者把ç�€çœ¼ç‚¹æ”¾åœ¨äº†å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯å¾—ä»¥åº”ç”¨äºŽæ°‘é—´ç ”ç©¶çš„è§’åº¦ä¸Šã€‚æ–‡ä¸å�ªæ��到一å�¥monitoring its sounds,表明应用军事技术所起到的作用仅是监测了è“�鲸的声音,这è·�离拯救è“�鲸ç§�群于ç�ç»�应该还差很远。由æ¤å�¯è§�,B的推论也是ä¸�对的。
  从全文æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œå¹¶æ²¡æœ‰æ��å�Šå��å¯¹å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯æ°‘ç”¨åŒ–çš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œå› æ¤C的说法ä¸�æ£ç¡®ã€‚
  å‰�三个选项全部排除,D自然是æ£ç¡®ç”æ¡ˆã€‚ä»Žæ–‡ç« çš„é€»è¾‘ç»“æž„æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 先是指出在没有军事技术帮助时,从事民间科å¦ç ”究的困难,而å�Žä¸¾å‡ºå‡ 个军事技术民用化的æˆ�功例å�ï¼Œæ˜¾ç„¶æ˜¯å¯¹æ¤æŒ�肯定æ€�度,对其未æ�¥æŒ�ä¹�è§‚æ€�度,D的说法与æ¤ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
  35. A
  本题问下列关于美国海军水下监å�¬ç½‘络的å�™è¿°ï¼Œå“ªä¸€é¡¹æ˜¯æ£ç¡®çš„。
  A,目å‰�å·²ç»�部分对民间科å¦å®¶å¼€æ”¾ã€‚这一说法å�¯ä»¥åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°å¯¹åº”点。第三段the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system一å�¥ä¸æ��到partly uncover,“部分公开â€�,与A说法一致。
  B,已ç»�被更先进的系统所å�–代。ä¸�èƒ½åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°æœ‰å…³â€œæ›´å…ˆè¿›çš„系统â€�的任何直接æ��述或间接æ��è¿°ï¼Œå› æ¤Bä¸�对。
  C,冷战以å�Žå°±å¤±åŽ»äº†å†›äº‹ç”¨é€”ã€‚ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µæ��到了“冷战以å�Žâ€�,但冷战以å�Žå�‘生的事情å�ªæ˜¯â€œopening to civilian scientistsâ€�,å�‘æ°‘é—´ç§‘å¦å®¶å¼€æ”¾æŠ€æœ¯ã€‚开放技术ä¸�代表该技术失去了军事用途,从å�Žæ–‡å�ˆçŸ¥è¿™ç§�开放å�ªæ˜¯éƒ¨åˆ†å¼€æ”¾ï¼ˆpartly uncover),å�¯è§�该技术没有失去军事用途。å�³ä¾¿æ— 法直接å�šå‡ºæ¤æŽ¨æ–,但至少ä¸�能åƒ�Cæ‰€è¯´é‚£æ ·æŽ¨å‡ºå·²ç»�失去军事用途。
  D,在ä¿�护濒å�±ç‰©ç§�上是ä¸�å�¯ç¼ºå°‘的。在è“�鲸ä¿�护问题上,该技术目å‰�所显现的作用å�ªæ˜¯â€œmonitoring its soundsâ€�,å�³ç›‘å�¬å…¶å£°éŸ³ï¼Œæ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰å…³äºŽå…¶ä½œç”¨ä¸�å�¯æˆ–缺的æ��述。
  Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
  It is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult, and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.
  So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the Navy, they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days, monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans.
  Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
  Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆�) for the first time and that they plan similar studies.
  Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures.
  The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important, different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds, focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (�诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.
  31. The passage is chiefly about ________.
  A) an effort to protect an endangered marine species
  B) the civilian use of a military detection system
  C) the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weapon
  D) a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales(B)
  32. The underwater listening system was originally designed ________.
  A) to trace and locate enemy vessels
  B) to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions
  C) to study the movement of ocean currents
  D) to replace the global radio communications network(A)
  33. The deep-sea listening system makes use of ________.
  A) the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water
  B) the capability of sound to travel at high speed
  C) the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound
  D) low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water(C)
  34. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
  A) new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales
  B) blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system
  C) opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology
  D) military technology has great potential in civilian use(D)
  35. Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network?
  A) It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.
  B) It has been replaced by a more advanced system.
  C) It became useless to the military after the cold war.
  D) It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.(A)
  这篇æ��料讲的是美国军用技术的民用化。开头用追踪è“�鲸的例å�æ�¥å¼•出一个问题,å�³æ°´ä¸‹è·Ÿè¸ªæŠ€æœ¯çš„难度颇高。这就ä¸�å…�引起人们对问题解决方法的关注,而第二段就顺ç�†æˆ�ç« åœ°ä»‹ç»�è¿‘å�‘生的一件事,æ¤äº‹ç»™æ®µçš„问题æ��供了解决办法:科å¦å®¶æˆ�功地追踪了一æ�¡è“�鲸43天,并监å�¬äº†å®ƒçš„声音。æˆ�功的关键就是应用了美国海军曾ç»�的水下监å�¬ç»�密设备(because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans)。
ã€€ã€€è¿™æ ·ï¼Œæ–‡ç« çš„æ ¸å¿ƒè®ºé¢˜å°±å‡ºçŽ°äº†ï¼šç¾Žå›½å†›ç”¨æŠ€æœ¯â€”â€”æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯çš„æ°‘用化。æ¤å�Žï¼Œä½œè€…开始详细地é˜�述与论题有关的信æ�¯ã€‚
  首先是事情的原委。冷战以å�Žï¼Œç¾Žå›½æµ·å†›å�³å¼€å§‹ä¸Žæ°‘é—´ç§‘å¦å®¶åˆ†äº«å…¶æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿï¼ˆafter the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system)。这一系统åˆ�的用途是追踪潜在敌人的船å�ªã€‚(track the ships of potential enemies)。
  而å�Žæ˜¯æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯æ°‘用化的å�ˆä¸€äº‹ä¾‹ã€‚ç§‘å¦å®¶ä»¬åº”用这一系统次细致地监控一次深水ç�«å±±çˆ†å�‘的过程(used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption)。
  å�¦æœ‰ç§‘å¦å®¶æ‰“算使用这一系统æ�¥è¿½è¸ªæ´‹æµ�,分æž�æµ·æ´‹å�˜åŒ–和全ç�ƒæ¸©åº¦å�˜åŒ–(use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures)。
  å�Žä¸€æ®µç®€å�•解释了这一系统的工作原ç�†ã€‚声音在水ä¸çš„ä¼ æ’速度大约是æ¯�秒一英里,介于在陆地和空气之间(The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second—slower than through land but faster than through air)。这是水下追踪声音的基本æ�¡ä»¶ã€‚æµ·æ´‹çš„ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚å�¯ä»¥ä½œä¸ºå£°éŸ³ä¼ æ’çš„ä¸�å�Œé€šé�“,这些通é�“å�¯ä»¥ä½¿å£°éŸ³æ›´ä¸ºé›†ä¸ï¼Œå…¶åŽŸç�†ç‰å�ŒäºŽå�¬è¯Šå™¨å°†ç—…人胸部的声音集ä¸åŠ å¼ºä¼ ç»™åŒ»ç”Ÿã€‚è¿™å°±ä½¿å¾—é�žå¸¸å¾®å¼±çš„声音也能在海水ä¸ä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œï¼ˆcan often travel thousands of miles),从而被这一系统所监测到。这是水下追踪声音的é‡�è¦�æ�¡ä»¶ã€‚
  31. B
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®è¿™ç¯‡æ–‡ç« ä¸»è¦�内容是关于什么的。这是一é�“全文总结性的题目,这ç§�题出现在é�“的情况并ä¸�多è§�。
  A,ä¿�护一ç§�海上濒å�±ç”Ÿç‰©çš„努力。这里的海上濒å�±ç”Ÿç‰©æŒ‡çš„æ˜¯æ®µæ��到的è“�鲸(blue whale),ä¸�过关于è“�鲸的æ��è¿°ä»…ä»…å±€é™�于段,其余部分就ä¸�å†�出现ä¿�护è“�é²¸çš„å†…å®¹ï¼Œå› æ¤A的说法过于片é�¢ã€‚
  B,一ç§�军事探测技术的民用化。å‰�四段举出的事例都å�¯ä»¥å½’为军事探测技术民用化,å�Žä¸€æ®µè®²è§£äº†è¿™ä¸€æŽ¢æµ‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„原ç�†ï¼Œæ€»ä½“æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 主è¦�内容是军事探测技术的民用化,B的说法æ£ç¡®ã€‚
  C,一ç§�美国海军ç»�密æ¦å™¨çš„æ›�光。这里的ç»�密æ¦å™¨æŒ‡çš„æ˜¯æ°´ä¸‹ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿï¼Œæ–‡ä¸æ��到Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system,这里有uncover一è¯�,å�¯ä»¥ç®—是exposure的注脚,ä¸�过,仅仅æ›�光是ä¸�够的,文ä¸çš„诸多例å�都是科å¦å®¶æŠŠæ›�å…‰å�Žçš„æŠ€æœ¯ç”¨äºŽæ°‘用的 例å�ï¼Œå› æ¤æ–‡ç« 主体还是在讲述ç»�密æ¦å™¨åœ¨æ°‘间的应用,而ä¸�仅仅是æ›�光。
  D,一ç§�观察è“�鲸行为的新的方å¼�。这个选项的错误和Aä¸€æ ·ï¼ŒæŠŠå†…å®¹å±€é™�于è“�鲸。除了è“�鲸之外,文ä¸è¿˜æ��到了ç�«å±±çˆ†å�‘ã€�æ´‹æµ�ç‰ç‰çŽ°è±¡ï¼ŒA的说法过于片é�¢äº†ã€‚
  32. A
  题目问水下监�系统�设计是用�……
  A,跟踪定�敌方船�。
  B,监�深海�山爆�。
  Cï¼Œç ”ç©¶æ´‹æµ�è¿�动。
  D,å�–代全ç�ƒæ— çº¿ç”µä¼ æ’系统。
  题目ä¸éœ€è¦�注æ„�的一个å�•è¯�是originally,æ„�为åˆ�,指水下监å�¬è®¾å¤‡åœ¨è¢«ç¾Žå†›åˆ�è®¾è®¡æ—¶çš„ç”¨é€”ã€‚æ–‡ä¸æœ‰ä¸€å�¥è¯�对æ¤ä½œäº†äº¤ä»£ï¼šthe Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies,这å�¥è¯�çš„å®¾è¯æ˜¯global network of underwater listening system,而å�Žçš„builtå�¯ä»¥è¿˜åŽŸä¸ºwhich was built,其引导的å�¥å�å�¯è§†ä¸ºä¸€ä¸ªå®šè¯ä»Žå�¥ï¼Œæ˜¯å¯¹è¿™ä¸€ç³»ç»Ÿçš„修饰。Over the decadesï¼Œè¡¨ç¤ºæ—¶é—´è¿½æº¯åˆ°å‡ å��å¹´å‰�。To表示目的,track the ships of potential enemies,跟踪潜在敌人的船å�ªã€‚ç”±æ¤å�¯è§�水下监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿåˆ�设计是用æ�¥è·Ÿè¸ªæ½œåœ¨æ•Œäººçš„船å�ªçš„ï¼Œç”æ¡ˆæ˜¯A。
  33. C
  题目问深海监�系统应用了……
  A,采集水下声音的尖端技术。
  Bï¼Œå£°éŸ³é«˜é€Ÿä¼ æ’的特性。
  C,海洋的ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚ä¼ æ’声音的特性。
  D,低频声波å�¯åœ¨ä¸�å�Œæ°´å±‚ä¼ æ’。
  从四个选项æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œè¿™é�“题考查的是深海监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿçš„æŠ€æœ¯åŽŸç�†ã€‚æ ¹æ�®ç¯‡ç« 分æž�å�¯çŸ¥ï¼Œå¯¹åŽŸç�†çš„说明是在å�Žä¸€æ®µï¼Œé‚£ä¹ˆç”案需è¦�到å�Žä¸€æ®µåŽ»æ‰¾ã€‚å€¼å¾—æ³¨æ„�的是å�Žä¸€ å�¥è¯�:This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles,这里æ��到了main reasonï¼Œè¡¨æ˜Žå£°éŸ³çš„åŠ å¼ºï¼ˆfocusingï¼‰æ˜¯å£°éŸ³å¾—ä»¥ä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œçš„主è¦�åŽŸå› ã€‚è€Œå£°éŸ³èƒ½å¤Ÿä¼ æ’上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œæ„�味ç�€ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ„�味ç�€æ·±æµ·ç›‘å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿå�¯ä»¥ç›‘测 到上å�ƒè‹±é‡Œå¤–的声音,这就是监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿçš„é‡�è¦�æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œè€Œå£°éŸ³å¾—ä»¥åŠ å¼ºçš„åŽŸå› å�ˆæ˜¯ä»€ä¹ˆå‘¢ï¼Ÿæ˜¯different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds,这应该是题目所问的“make use of……â€�的宾è¯ã€‚应该选择C。A的说法在å�Žä¸€æ®µæ²¡æœ‰æ��到。B的说法在å�Žä¸€æ®µä¸æœ‰æ‰€è®ºè¿°ï¼Œä½†å±žäºŽå‰�æ��æ�¡ä»¶ï¼Œä¸�是main reason。D所说的低频声音å�ªæ˜¯ä½œè€…举的一个例å�â€”â€”æ—¢ç„¶ä½Žé¢‘å£°éŸ³ä¹Ÿèƒ½ä¼ æ’很远,那么ä¸é«˜é¢‘çš„å£°éŸ³ä¼ æ’得就更远,更容易被监å�¬ç³»ç»Ÿæ�•æ�‰åˆ°äº†â€”—还是说 明了通é�“的作用。
  34. D
ã€€ã€€é¢˜ç›®é—®ä»Žæ–‡ç« ä¸å�¯ä»¥æŽ¨æ–出什么。
  A,应该å�‘å±•æ–°çš„æ— çº¿ç”µæŠ€æœ¯æ�¥è¿½è¸ªæ¿’临ç�ç»�çš„è“�鲸。
  Bï¼Œå› ä¸ºæ–°çš„ç›‘å�¬æŠ€æœ¯çš„使用,è“�鲸ä¸�å†�是濒临ç�ç»�动物。
  C,关于民间科å¦å®¶æ˜¯å�¦åº”被å…�许使用军事技术,尚å˜åœ¨ä¸�å�Œè§‚点。
  D,军事技术的民用化潜力很大。
  Aå’ŒB都与è“�鲸有关。关于è“�鲸的内容å�ªåœ¨å‰�两段,我们æ�¥çœ‹è¿™ä¸¤æ®µçš„内容。段开头首先说明了è“�鲸濒临ç�ç»�的状况,指出追踪è“�鲸å˜åœ¨è¾ƒå¤§çš„困难,而å�Žè§£é‡Šäº†å˜åœ¨å›°éš¾çš„åŽŸå› ã€‚ç¬¬äºŒæ®µè®²è¿°ç§‘å¦å®¶ä»¬ç»ˆäºŽæˆ�功追踪了一æ�¡è“�鲸,而其背å�Žçš„åŽŸå› æ˜¯å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„åº”ç”¨ã€‚
  从这里å�¯çŸ¥ï¼Œç§‘å¦å®¶åº”用现有技术已ç»�能够追踪è“�鲸,A说的应该å�‘å±•æ–°çš„æŠ€æœ¯æ˜¯æ— ä»ŽæŽ¨ç�†çš„。新的监å�¬æŠ€æœ¯åˆ°åº•对ä¿�护è“�é²¸èµ·åˆ°å¤šå¤§çš„ä½œç”¨ï¼Ÿæ–‡ç« æ‰€è¿°ç”šå°‘ï¼ŒåŽŸå› æ˜¯æœ¬æ–‡è®ºè¿°çš„ä¸»é¢˜æ˜¯å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯çš„æ°‘ç”¨åŒ–ï¼Œä¸�是è“�鲸ä¿�护,所以作者把ç�€çœ¼ç‚¹æ”¾åœ¨äº†å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯å¾—ä»¥åº”ç”¨äºŽæ°‘é—´ç ”ç©¶çš„è§’åº¦ä¸Šã€‚æ–‡ä¸å�ªæ��到一å�¥monitoring its sounds,表明应用军事技术所起到的作用仅是监测了è“�鲸的声音,这è·�离拯救è“�鲸ç§�群于ç�ç»�应该还差很远。由æ¤å�¯è§�,B的推论也是ä¸�对的。
  从全文æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œå¹¶æ²¡æœ‰æ��å�Šå��å¯¹å†›äº‹æŠ€æœ¯æ°‘ç”¨åŒ–çš„è§‚ç‚¹ï¼Œå› æ¤C的说法ä¸�æ£ç¡®ã€‚
  å‰�三个选项全部排除,D自然是æ£ç¡®ç”æ¡ˆã€‚ä»Žæ–‡ç« çš„é€»è¾‘ç»“æž„æ�¥çœ‹ï¼Œæ–‡ç« 先是指出在没有军事技术帮助时,从事民间科å¦ç ”究的困难,而å�Žä¸¾å‡ºå‡ 个军事技术民用化的æˆ�功例å�ï¼Œæ˜¾ç„¶æ˜¯å¯¹æ¤æŒ�肯定æ€�度,对其未æ�¥æŒ�ä¹�è§‚æ€�度,D的说法与æ¤ç›¸ç¬¦ã€‚
  35. A
  本题问下列关于美国海军水下监å�¬ç½‘络的å�™è¿°ï¼Œå“ªä¸€é¡¹æ˜¯æ£ç¡®çš„。
  A,目å‰�å·²ç»�部分对民间科å¦å®¶å¼€æ”¾ã€‚这一说法å�¯ä»¥åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°å¯¹åº”点。第三段the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system一å�¥ä¸æ��到partly uncover,“部分公开â€�,与A说法一致。
  B,已ç»�被更先进的系统所å�–代。ä¸�èƒ½åœ¨æ–‡ä¸æ‰¾åˆ°æœ‰å…³â€œæ›´å…ˆè¿›çš„系统â€�的任何直接æ��述或间接æ��è¿°ï¼Œå› æ¤Bä¸�对。
  C,冷战以å�Žå°±å¤±åŽ»äº†å†›äº‹ç”¨é€”ã€‚ç¬¬ä¸‰æ®µæ��到了“冷战以å�Žâ€�,但冷战以å�Žå�‘生的事情å�ªæ˜¯â€œopening to civilian scientistsâ€�,å�‘æ°‘é—´ç§‘å¦å®¶å¼€æ”¾æŠ€æœ¯ã€‚开放技术ä¸�代表该技术失去了军事用途,从å�Žæ–‡å�ˆçŸ¥è¿™ç§�开放å�ªæ˜¯éƒ¨åˆ†å¼€æ”¾ï¼ˆpartly uncover),å�¯è§�该技术没有失去军事用途。å�³ä¾¿æ— 法直接å�šå‡ºæ¤æŽ¨æ–,但至少ä¸�能åƒ�Cæ‰€è¯´é‚£æ ·æŽ¨å‡ºå·²ç»�失去军事用途。
  D,在ä¿�护濒å�±ç‰©ç§�上是ä¸�å�¯ç¼ºå°‘的。在è“�鲸ä¿�护问题上,该技术目å‰�所显现的作用å�ªæ˜¯â€œmonitoring its soundsâ€�,å�³ç›‘å�¬å…¶å£°éŸ³ï¼Œæ–‡ä¸æ²¡æœ‰å…³äºŽå…¶ä½œç”¨ä¸�å�¯æˆ–缺的æ��述。
  编辑推�:
  2011å¹´12月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
  2011å¹´6月英è¯å››çº§é˜…读试题å�Šç”案汇总
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