233ÍøÐ£- Ó¢ÓïËļ¶Ó¢ÓïËļ¶

±¨¿¼
您现在的ä½�置:233网校 >> 英语四级考试 >> 阅读 >> 阅读真题 >> æ–‡ç« å†…容

历年英语四级阅读真题全解�(2002-2004)

  Passage Three
  Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
  About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: “So, how have you been?� And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old—replied. “Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.�
  This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed� until we were in high school.
  The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
  Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?
  Human development is based not only on innate (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social rote to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
  In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation (�示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television passes information, and indiscriminately (�加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
  Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
  31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.
  A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child
  B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
  C) an inevitable has of children’s mental development
  D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children(B)
  32. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.
  A) through contact with society
  B) gradually and under guidance
  C) naturally and by biological instinct
  D) through exposure to social information(B)
  33. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adult like is attributed by the author to ________.
  A) the widespread influence of television
  B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
  C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
  D) the constantly rising standard of living(A)
  34. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
  A) It enables children to gain more social information.
  B) It develops children’s interest in reading and writing.
  C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
  D) It can control what children are to learn.(D)
  35. What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
  A) He feels amused by chair premature behavior.
  B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.
  C) He considers it a positive development.
  D) He seems to be upset about it.(B)
  这篇�料讲的是儿童早熟的问题。开头首先讲述了一个作者亲历的故事,作为引出儿童早熟问题的契机——六年�我在�厅里��一对��并��了他们的谈�;�亲问儿�过的怎么样,儿�回答说近有一点沮丧(a little depressed lately)。
  ��的对�深深�在作者的脑�里,因为它�实了作者的一个想法:现在的孩�正在改�。是什么方�改�了?作者拿现在的孩�与�时候的自己�了对比:�时的我直到高中�知�沮丧是什么滋味(I didn’t find out we were “depressed� until we were in high school)。
  问题已��出,接下�作者就��明这个问题确实存在。第三段举出了很多现在儿童早熟的表现:Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to。
  儿童早熟的原因何在?从第四段开始,文章进入了分�问题阶段。��就一针�血,指出问题的根�出在接触社会知识的途径上(patterns of access to social knowledge)。社会角色转��通常�学习相应的新知识(Movement from one social rote to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status),大人们一直在教给孩�们这样的知识,但�进度是缓慢的�按部就�的(slowly and in stages)。这里所说的社会角色转�也就是年龄增长的结果,比如上六年级和上五年级�是两���的社会角色。
  第四段说的是孩�们过去�收新知识的情形,第五段则开始介�现状。还是从途径说起,98%的美国家庭都已�安装了电视(installed in 98 percent of American homes),电视是一个传递信�的载体,传递对象�分�人与儿童,儿童通过看电视过早地�收了尚�适�他们的知识。
  文章�一段介�了通过书本传授知识的好处,这也算是作者�出的儿童早熟问题的一个解决方案。通过�刷�传授知识�以更容易地控制儿童接触到的知识是适�他们的年龄层次的(allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access),���让儿童在�长到一定程度之�接触较为��的知识就�以了(Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials)。
  31. B
  题目问根�作者的说法,“感到沮丧�是……。
  A,孩�出现心�问题的明确信�。
  B,很难想象会在�孩�身上出现。
  C,孩�精神�长过程中����的现象(原文有误,此为大体��)。
  D,存在于所有人类身上的精神现象,包括孩�。
  这�题需�注�的地方是题目给出的According to the author,这是一个�定�件,��是说判断选项的对错�是��其说法本身是�错误,而是与作者的说法是�一致。文中作者对feeling depressed的评论应该是在第二段,也就是刚刚讲完作者亲历的故事之�。作者说到my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed� until we were in high school,��是我和我的朋�们直到高中�开始感觉沮丧,言下之�就是�孩�是�会出现沮丧心�的。符�这个��的是选项B,其余几项都�能从作者的�述中推测出�。
  32. B
  这�题问从传统�看,孩�应该通过什么方��了解学习�人世界。
  A,通过与社会的接触。
  B,循��进,�教于人。
  C,��生�本能自然习得。
  D,将其暴露在社会信�的冲击之下。
  本题讨论孩�学习社会知识的途径,这应该是第五段的内容。在第五段中有这样一��:Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages,��一�以traditionally开头,说明这一�讨论的是传统方�的学习途径。been taught,�教,应该说相当于选项B中的under guidance;in stages,stage是阶段的��,in stages就是按阶段,循��进,这个��与B中的gradually一样。这样的�,按照文�,本题选择B为�适。
  33. A
  本题问如今的儿童�人化现象被作者归因于什么。
  A,电视的广泛影�。
  B,教育内容安排�当。
  C,人类智力�展的快速进步。
  D,生活水平的�续�高。
  这�题较为容易。第五段讲的是孩�学习社会知识的传统方�,这一段在上一题中已�考过了。在第六段作者开始讨论如今孩�们早熟的原因,本题考查的就是第六 段。在这一段作者首先讲述了一�现象,也就是电视在美国社会的普�(�),以�电视�分地域��分�幼地传播信�的特点(第二�)。�一�指出这� 现象对孩�们的学习途径的影�:many children turn their attention from printed texts to moving pictures,孩�们把注�力从书本转�了电视。上一段讲过,按照传统学习方�,孩�们就是传统的孩�,而以电视为主体的方�,必然造�儿童�生���化,在文章中这��化就是�人化。这�题应该选A。
  34. D
  本题问作者为何�主张让孩�们通过�刷媒介交�信�。
  A,这�方��以使孩�们获得更多的社会信�。
  B,�以�展孩�们对阅读和写作的兴趣。
  C,�以增加孩�们记忆和练习的机会。
  D,�以控制孩�们学习的内容。
  作者在�一段主张孩�们应该通过�刷媒介交�信�。此段一共三��,把它们�一分��彻,答案也就显而易�了。Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access。首先找到主谓宾的大体结构,主语是通过�刷媒介交�,谓语是allows for ,allow本�是�许,在这里是指“使……�以�生�,宾语是control,控制。“控制�是对什么的控制呢?social information,社会信��知识。��是一个从�,to which children have access�以改�����解:which children have access to。宾语与宾语从��起�的��就是“儿童能够接触到的信�的控制�。整个��的大�则是通过�刷媒介交��以控制儿童能够接触到的信�。符�这个��的是D,而A与此正好相�。
  Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced。这一�的结构比上一��清晰一些。主语是阅读与写作;谓语involve,涉�;宾语是“��的象�符��。��的从�对符��了解释:必须记忆和练习。这��所�表达的��是:阅读与写作涉�很多��的�素,是需��断记忆和练习(实践)�能掌�的。
  Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials。根�上一�所述的��,儿童们必须循��进,先读简�的�料,待其完全�解掌�了这些资料,�学习更为��的资料。
  这两��中没有�到培养孩�兴趣的问题,B�以排除。至于C的说法,文中有关阅读与写作的论述所�表达的核心观点是先易�难,循��进,与增加机会无关。这�题选择D。
  35. D
  这�题问作者对如今�生在孩�们身上的�化是如何看待的。
  A,他觉得孩�们的早熟行为�分有趣。
  B,他觉得这是一个值得注�的现象。
  C,他认为这是一�积�的进步。
  D,他似乎为此充满忧虑。
  本题考查对全篇�料的�解,必须结�全文的��信�,寻找文章中�露出作者�度的地方,��出判断。第二段中As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed� until we were in high school,这里把自己和现在的�孩进行对比,暗�现在的�孩�应该这么�就感到“depressed�的��,应该说对孩�们身上的�化是��定�度的。
  第四段作者�出:Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say,似乎对儿童的�化是好是�没有�出评判,但�看�一段�一��Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials,这里赫然使用了must这样带有强烈肯定色彩的�,��作者的�度并��第四段说的那样,而是对孩�们身上�生的�化�有明显的�定�度,说他为这�现象感到忧虑也�为过。
  四个题支中D表达了作者的这��度。B似乎也有��,但�如D准确�具体,所以还是应该选择D。

  编辑推�:
  2011年12月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总
  2011年6月英语四级阅读试题�答案汇总

责编:tanj  è¯„论  çº é”™

课程�费试�
¿Î³ÌרҵÃû³Æ ½²Ê¦ Ô­¼Û/ÓÅ»Ý¼Û Ãâ·ÑÌåÑé ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨°üÀ¨Óï·¨¡¢´Ê»ã¡¢·­Ò룩 ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨ÔĶÁÀí½â£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨ÌýÁ¦£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû
¡¶´óѧӢÓïËļ¶¡·¾«Æ·°à£¨Ð´×÷£© ¶¡Ñ©Ã÷ £¤100 / £¤100 ±¨Ãû